1、Designation: E1990 14E1990 16Standard Guide forPerforming Evaluations of Underground Storage TankSystems for Operational Conformance with 40 CFR, Part280 Regulations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1990; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigi
2、nal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers information for evaluating tank systems for op
3、erational conformance with the Federal technical standards(including the financial responsibility requirements) for underground storage tanks (USTs) found at 40 Code of Federal Register(CFR) Part 280.1.2 This guide does not address the corrective action requirements of 40 CFR Part 280.1.3 To the ext
4、ent that a tank system is excluded or deferred from the federal regulations under Subpart A of 40 CFR Part 280,it is not covered by this guide.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standa
5、rd to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 Federal Standards:2Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Environmental Protection Agency, Part 280, Technical Standards and CorrectiveAction
6、Requirements for Owners and Operators of Underground Storage Tanks (UST)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 corrosion protectionto prevent the degradation of a material due to a reaction between the material and its environment.3.1.2 implementing agencyEnvironmenta
7、l Protection Agency (EPA), or, in the case of a State with program approval (orpursuant to a memorandum of agreement with EPA), the designated State or Local agency responsible for carrying out the USTprogram.3.1.3 overfillexceeding the capacity of the tank.3.1.4 overfill protectiona device used to
8、prevent a tank from being overfilled when product is being added to the tank.3.1.5 release detectiona method to determine whether a release of a regulated substance has occurred from the UST systeminto the environment or into the interstitial space between the UST system and its secondary barrier or
9、 secondary containmentaround it.3.1.6 spillto cause or allow product to enter the environment that was intended to be placed in the tank.3.1.7 spill preventiona device used to prevent or contain a spill associated with removing the fill hose from the tank fill pipe.3.1.8 suspected releasereleased pr
10、oduct discovered at or near the UST site, observed unusual operating conditions, such asapparent loss of product; or results from a release detection method that indicates a release. Suspected release does not includesituations where a method or equipment is found to be defective, is immediately cor
11、rected, and then indicates no release.1 This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct responsibilityof Subcommittee E50.01 on Storage Tanks.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014Oct. 1, 2016. Published F
12、ebruary 2014December 2016. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20052014as E1990-98(2005).E1990-14. DOI: 10.1520/E1990-14.10.1520/E1990-16.2 Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.Superintendent of Documents, 73
13、2 N. Capitol St., NW,Washington, DC 20401-0001, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately de
14、pict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1
15、9428-2959. United States13.1.9 underground storage tank (UST)any one or combination of tanks (including underground pipes connected thereto) thatis used to contain an accumulation of regulated substances, and the volume of which (including connected underground piping)is 10 % or more beneath the sur
16、face of the ground.3.1.9.1 existing tanka tank where installation began on or before 12/22/88.3.1.9.2 new tanka tank where installation started after 12/22/88.3.1.10 upgradethe addition or retrofit of the UST system or some system components such as release detection, corrosionprotection, spill prev
17、ention, or overfill protection to improve the ability of an UST system to prevent the release of product andmeet the requirements of 40 CFR Part 280.3.1.11 UST systeman underground storage tank, connected underground piping, underground ancillary equipment, andcontainment system, if any.3.2 Addition
18、al TerminologyThe following definitions and discussions, taken directly from the publication “Form and Style forASTM Standards” shall be included in full in every standard guide or practice produced and passed by Committee E-50 or anyof its technical subcommittees, approved April 16, 1997.3.2.1 guid
19、ea compendium of information or series of options or instructions that do not recommend a specific course ofaction.3.2.1.1 DiscussionWhereas a practice prescribes a general usage principle, a guide only suggest an approach. The purpose of a guide is to offerguidance, based on a consensus of viewpoin
20、ts, but not to establish a fixed procedure.Aguide is intended to increase the awarenessof the user to available techniques in a given subject area and to provide information from which subsequent evaluation andstandardization can be derived.3.2.2 practicea definitive set of instructions procedure fo
21、r performing one or more specific operations or functions that doesnot produce a test result.3.2.2.1 DiscussionApractice is not a downgraded test method. Examples of practices include procedures of interlaboratory testing programs or otherstatistical procedures; for writing statements on sampling or
22、 precision and accuracy; and for selection, preparation, application,inspection, and necessary precautions for the use, disposal, installation, maintenance, and operation of testing equipment. Furtherexamples of practices include but are not limited to: application, assessment, cleaning, collection,
23、 decontamination, inspection,installation, preparation, sampling, screening, and training.3.2.3 standardas used in ASTM International, a a nominative document that has been developed and established within theconsensus principles of the Society and that meets the approval requirements of ASTM proced
24、ures and regulations.3.2.3.1 DiscussionThe term “standard” serves inASTM International as a nominative in the title of documents such as test methods or specifications,to connote specified consensus and approval. The various types of standard documents are based on the needs and usages asprescribed
25、by the technical committees of the Society.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide is an educational tool for tank owners, operators, and other users and is not intended for use in certifyingcompliance with the Federal technical standards for underground storage tanks.4.2 The intent of this guide is t
26、o provide an overview of the general requirements. This guide is intended for users who aregenerally familiar with the requirements of 40 CFR Part 280. The user is advised that this guide does not contain the level of detailnecessary to make the determination of whether specific equipment or service
27、s meet the detailed technical performancerequirements of 40 CFR Part 280.4.3 This guide does not cover state and local requirements, that can be more stringent than the federal rules. Owners andoperators are responsible for meeting federal, state, and, in some circumstances, local requirements. It i
28、s recommended that ownersand operators familiarize themselves with these requirements as well.4.4 Owners or operators may use the sample checklist in Appendix X1 to assist them in determining operational conformanceor they may develop their own checklist based upon this guide.E1990 1624.5 This guide
29、 and accompanying appendixes are not intended to be used by state or local UST program authorities as aregulatory or administrative requirement for owners or operators. Use of this guide and appendixes by owners and operators isintended to be a voluntary educational tool for the purposes described i
30、n 4.1.5. UST System Requirements5.1 Operational ConformanceFor an underground storage tank (UST) system to be in operational conformance with 40 CFRPart 280, it must have release detection, corrosion protection, spill prevention, and overfill protection.5.2 Release DetectionTo meet all release detec
31、tion requirements, release detection for both tank and piping is required.5.2.1 Petroleum Tanks These tanks may meet release detection requirements by use of one of the following:5.2.1.1 Monthly monitoring using one of the following: automatic tank gauging, vapor monitoring, interstitial monitoring,
32、ground water monitoring, statistical inventory reconciliation (SIR), and any other approved method5.2.1.2 Monthly inventory control and annual tank tightness testing (may be used for existing UST systems which have not beenupgraded to meet Federal regulations at 40 CFR Part 280.21).5.2.1.3 Monthly i
33、nventory control and tank tightness testing every five years (may start when new UST systems and USTsystems that have been upgraded with spill prevention and overfill and corrosion protection meet the Federal regulations at 40 CFRPart 280.20 or 280.21). This release detection method must be replaced
34、 or augmented with one of the options in 5.2.1.1 at the laterof two datesDecember 22, 1998 or ten years after the tank was installed or upgraded with corrosion protection.5.2.1.4 Manual Tank GaugingThis release detection method is for tanks of 2000-gal capacity or less. This technique may beused if
35、the tank meets the size, test duration, and standard variation requirements listed in Table 1:5.2.2 PipingPiping may meet release detection requirements by use of one of the following:5.2.2.1 Pressurized PipingTo meet release detection requirements for pressurized piping, it is necessary to choose o
36、ne methodfrom 5.2.2.2 and one method from 5.2.2.4 (or a single method that satisfies both sections).5.2.2.2 Choose one of the following: automatic flow restricter,restrictor, automatic shutoff device, and continuous alarm system.5.2.2.3 Each of these methods must be tested on an annual basis in acco
37、rdance with the manufacturers requirements.5.2.2.4 Choose one of the following: annual line tightness testing, monthly monitoring using one of the following: vapormonitoring, ground water monitoring, interstitial monitoring, SIR, other approved methods, such as: electric or electronic line leakdetec
38、tor, and continual reconciliation.5.2.2.5 Suction Piping For suction piping, you may choose one of the following:5.2.2.6 Monthly monitoring using one of the following: vapor monitoring, ground water monitoring, interstitial monitoring, SIRand, other approved methods.5.2.2.7 Line testing every three
39、years.5.2.2.8 No leak detection requirements if the piping meets the following criteria:5.2.2.9 The below-grade piping operates at less than atmospheric pressure.5.2.2.10 The below-grade piping is sloped so that the contents of the pipe will drain back into the storage tank if suction isreleased.5.2
40、.2.11 Only one check valve is included in each suction line and it is located directly below and as close as practical to thesuction pump.5.2.2.12 Satisfying the preceding requirements must be able to be easily determined.5.2.3 Hazardous Substance TanksRelease detection for hazardous substance tanks
41、 must meet one of the following:TABLE 1 Guide for Owners and OperatorsTank SizeMinimumDuration ofTest, hWeeklyStandard(One Test),galMonthlyStandard (Four-Test Average),galUp to 550 gal 36 10 5551 to 1000 gal (when the tankdiameter is 64 in.)44 9 4551 to 1000 gal (when the tankdiameter is 48 in.)58 1
42、2 6551 to 1000 gal (also requiresperiodic tank tightness testing inaccordance with 5.2.1.2 and5.2.1.3)36 13 71001 to 2000 gal (also requiresperiodic tank tightness testing inaccordance with 5.2.1.2 and5.2.1.3)36 26 13E1990 1635.2.3.1 Existing UST systemssystems:(1) Until Dec. 22, 1998, existing haza
43、rdous UST systems may meet the release detection requirements as described in 5.2.1.(1) ByAll Dec. 22, 1998, all hazardous UST systems must meet the new system requirements described in 5.2.3.2.5.2.3.2 New UST systemssystems:(1) Unless an owner or operator has applied for and received a variance fro
44、m the implementing agency, new hazardoussubstance UST systems must have each of the following: secondary containment, and monthly interstitial monitoring.5.3 Corrosion ProtectionAll underground tanks and piping must be protected from corrosion.5.3.1 TanksAny portion of the tank that is underground a
45、nd routinely contains product must have corrosion protection. Thefollowing may be used to meet corrosion protection requirements for tanks:5.3.1.1 Coated and cathodically protected steel,5.3.1.2 Cathodic protection added,5.3.1.3 Interior lining added,5.3.1.4 Cathodic protection and interior lining a
46、dded,5.3.1.5 Fiberglass reinforced plastic,5.3.1.6 Steel tank clad with a noncorrodible material, and5.3.1.7 Other construction accepted by the implementing agency.5.3.1.8 Corrosion experts determination that the site is not corrosive enough to cause it to have a release during the operatinglife of
47、the tank.5.3.2 PipingPiping that routinely contains regulated substances and is in contact with the ground must be protected fromcorrosion. The following may be used to meet corrosion protection requirements for piping:5.3.2.1 Coated and cathodically protected steel,5.3.2.2 Cathodic protection added
48、,5.3.2.3 Fiberglass reinforced plastic,5.3.2.4 Other construction accepted by the implementing agency, and5.3.2.5 Corrosion experts determination that the site is not corrosive enough to cause it to have a release during the operatinglife of the piping.5.4 Spill Prevention and Overfill ProtectionTan
49、ks that received regulated substances in quantities greater than 25 gal at onefilling need to have spill prevention and overfill protection.5.4.1 To meet the spill prevention requirement, equipment that will contain the product in the transfer hose when the transferhose is detached from the fill pipe (for example, a catchment basin) must be used to prevent release of product to the environment.5.4.2 To meet overfill protection requirements, one of the following must be used:5.4.2.1 Automatic shutoff device,5.4.2.2 Overfill alarm, and5.4.2.3 Ball
