1、Designation: E2004 10Standard Test Method forFacing Cleavage of Sandwich Panels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2004; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in paren
2、theses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cleav-age force to p
3、eel stiff facings from sandwich panels.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address
4、all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1781 Test Method
5、for Climbing Drum Peel for AdhesivesE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 adhesive failurefailure that is completely within theadhesive layer with no evidence of interfacial disbondingbetween the core and the adhesive, between the adhesive andthe
6、facing, and no evidence of tearing or rupture within thecore.3.1.2 bond failurefailure that is interfacial and is either(a) between the adhesive and the core, or (b) between theadhesive and the facing; no core or adhesive failure will be inevidence in this type of failure.3.1.2.1 DiscussionIf bond f
7、ailure occurs it should bespecified as to whether it is type (a)or(b).3.1.3 core failurefailure that is completely within the corematerial and is comprised of a tearing or rupture of the corematerial with no evidence of interfacial disbonding betweenthe core and the adhesive, within the adhesive its
8、elf, orbetween the adhesive and the facing.3.1.4 mixed-mode failurefailure that shows evidence ofmore than one of the three failure modes described above.3.1.4.1 DiscussionVisually estimate and report the per-cent of the total failure surface area that is covered by each typeof failure.4. Significan
9、ce and Use4.1 This test method determines the cleavage force requiredto peel stiff facings from the core of sandwich panels, and isused to determine how well the facing is bonded to the core.Test Method D1781 only works well with flexible facings. Asa guideline, the cleavage test method would work b
10、etter onsandwich panels that have facings with a bending stiffness (EI)of greater than approximately 27.3 lbs-in2/inch width (3.09kNmm2/mm width). This converts to approximately 0.032 in.(0.81 mm) 6061 T6 aluminum alloy, 0.023 in. (0.57 mm) steel,and 0.046 in. (1.18 mm) fiberglass facings.5. Apparat
11、us5.1 Test Machine, capable of maintaining a controlled load-ing rate and indicating the load with an accuracy of 61%ofthe indicated value. The accuracy of the test machine shall beverified in accordance with Practices E4.5.2 Deflectometer, capable of measuring the displacementwith a precision of at
12、 least 610 %.5.3 Micrometer gage or caliper, capable of measuringaccurately to 0.01 in. (0.25 mm).6. Test Specimen6.1 The test specimen shall be from the sandwich panelbeing evaluated.6.2 Prepare the specimen according to the dimensionsspecified in Fig. 1.6.3 The loading blocks shall be bonded to th
13、e specimen withan adhesive or attached with pop-rivets. See Fig. 2.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.53on Materials and Processes for Durable Rigidwall Relocatable Structures.Current editi
14、on approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E2004 04. DOI:10.1520/E2004-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStan
15、dards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.7. Conditioning7.1 When the physical properties of the component materi-als are affected by moi
16、sture, bring the test specimens toconstant weight (61 %) before testing, preferably in a condi-tioning room with temperature and humidity control, and makethe tests, preferably, in a room under the same conditions. Atemperature of 73 6 5F (23 6 3C) and a relative humidity of30 6 5 % are recommended.
17、8. Procedure8.1 Mount the specimen in the loading blocks with pins sothe loading blocks are free to swivel during the load applica-tion.8.2 Apply the load to the blocks at a 1.0 in./min (25.4mm/min) cross-head travel rate.8.3 Obtain load-deflection curves from cross-head travel.9. Calculation9.1 Det
18、ermine the peak initial load and the average loadafter the peak initial load as shown in Fig. 3.10. Report10.1 The report shall include the following:10.1.1 Description of test specimens, core material, facings,core-to-facing adhesive,10.1.2 Dimensions of the test specimens, core orientation,10.1.3
19、Method of attaching blocks to specimens,10.1.4 Specimens conditioning, if any,10.1.5 Test temperature and specimens time at temperature,10.1.6 Test machine cross-head loading rate,10.1.7 Peak load, individual values and average, lb (N),10.1.8 Average load, individual values and average, lb (N),10.1.
20、9 Load-deflection curves, and10.1.10 Description of failure mode, whether core, adhe-sive, bond, or mixed-mode failure occurred.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method for mea-suring sandwich facing peel will be determined in the future.11.2 BiasSince there is no accept
21、ed reference materialsuitable for determining the bias for the procedure in this testmethod, bias has not been determined.12. Keywords12.1 cleavage; facing; peel; sandwich coreFIG. 1 Cleavage Test SpecimenFIG. 2 Loading Blocks for Cleavage Test SpecimenFIG. 3 Determination of Peak Initial Load and A
22、verage LoadE2004 102ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement
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25、 to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).E2004 103
