1、Designation: E 2099 00 (Reapproved 2007)An American National StandardStandard Practice forthe Specification and Evaluation of Pre-ConstructionLaboratory Mockups of Exterior Wall Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2099; the number immediately following the designation indic
2、ates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard practice describes procedure
3、s and docu-mentation to assist in the specification and evaluation ofpre-construction laboratory mockups of exterior wall systems.1.2 This standard practice addresses design and constructionof the mockup; observation during mockup construction andtesting; evaluation of the mockup test results; and d
4、ocumenta-tion of the mockup and testing process. Coordination isrequired between the parties involved in the design, construc-tion and testing of the mockup to facilitate this process.Documentation should convey the results of pre-constructionmockups from one party to others at appropriate stages in
5、 theprocess.1.3 This standard practice recommends the selection andorder of individual tests performed on the mockup in theabsence of a specific test order.1.4 This standard practice recommends a protocol for ex-change of information between participants in the pre-construction mockup process.1.5 Re
6、sponsibility for specific activities is recommended bythis standard. This practice is intended to provide a defaultstructure in the absence of the assignment of specific respon-sibilities by the specifying authority.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 283 Test Method for Determining Rate of
7、 Air LeakageThrough Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and DoorsUnder Specified Pressure Differences Across the SpecimenE 330 Test Method for Structural Performance of ExteriorWindows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls by UniformStatic Air Pressure DifferenceE 331 Test Method for Water Penetration of
8、 Exterior Win-dows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by UniformStatic Air Pressure DifferenceE 547 Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Win-dows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Cyclic StaticAir Pressure DifferenceE 631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE 1233 Test Method for S
9、tructural Performance of ExteriorWindows, Doors, Skylights, and Curtain Walls by CyclicAir Pressure Differential2.2 AAMA Standards:AAMA 501, Methods of Test for Exterior Walls3AAMA 501.1, Standard Test Method for Exterior Windows,Curtain Walls and Doors for Water Penetration usingDynamic Pressure3AA
10、MA501.4, Recommended Static Test Method for Evalu-ating Curtain Wall and Storefront Systems Subjected toSeismic and Wind Induced Interstory Drifts3AAMA 501.5, Test Method for Thermal Cycling of Exte-rior Walls3AAMA CW-DG-1, Testing of Aluminum Curtain Walls,Curtain Wall Design Guide Manual33. Termin
11、ology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology E 631, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 pre-construction mockupa full-size representationof the proposed exterior wall system built before the exteriorwall design is completed in or
12、der to study proposed construc-tion details, test for performance and possibly judge appear-ance of the exterior wall system.3.2.2 specifierthe architect or professional design partyresponsible for the design of the exterior wall system.3.2.3 builderthe builder of the mockup and the exteriorwall sys
13、tem.3.2.4 test agencythe selected agency to conduct the re-quired tests.4. Significance and Use4.1 Exterior wall systems require time to design, fabricate,construct and test. Mockups are a fullsize representative1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Build
14、ings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.55on Exterior Building Wall Systems.Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E 2099 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm
15、.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA),1827 Walden Office Square Suite 550 Schaumburg, IL 60
16、173-4268.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.portion of the proposed exterior wall system built to studyproposed construction details, test for performance and may beused to judge appearance of the exterior wall system. T
17、heproject schedule shall allow time to design, construct and testthe pre-construction mockup and to implement any designchanges, fabrication changes, or modifications of plannedconstruction procedures, before construction of the exteriorwall system commences.4.2 Performance testing of pre-constructi
18、on mockups veri-ties compliance with specified standards and design criteria.Performance tests in separate ASTM or other industry stan-dards, are intended to represent the effects of environmentalconditions, such as wind, rain, and temperature extremes. Thetests provide a measure of the performance
19、of the proposedexterior wall system under specific and controlled conditions.The specified design and specification of the pre-constructionmockup must be appropriate for the performance test require-ments. Separate tests may be required for individual mockupmaterials or components.4.3 Pre-constructi
20、on mockup specimens require input fromSpecifier, Builder and Test Agency. Coordination of theirefforts facilitates this process. Documentation should conveythe results of preconstruction mockups from one party to othersat appropriate stages in the process.4.4 The referenced standards provided in thi
21、s practice iden-tify the historical standards typically utilized in pre-construction performance testing. This practice allows for thedevelopment and use of other project specific test proceduresfor various components that encompass exterior wall systems.5. Design5.1 The Specifier is responsible for
22、 the requirements of thissection, unless stated otherwise.5.2 Provide sufficient information on the design documentsto describe the materials, details and performance testingrequirements of the mockup.5.3 Mockup Materials5.3.1 All framing and cladding elements of the exterior wallsystem in accurate
23、full size, orientation and configuration.5.3.2 Color and finish of materials, if the appearance of themockup is to be judged.5.3.3 Joints between components.5.3.4 Thermal insulation, if thermal testing is specified.5.3.5 Structural support and attachment of the exterior wallsystem to the building fr
24、ame.NOTE 1Tolerances between elements of the exterior wail system andthe building support should be considered and tested in a “worst-case”condition in the mockup.5.4 Mockup SystemsElements of the exterior wall systemthat are designed to control:5.4.1 Air infiltration.5.4.2 Water penetration.5.4.3 W
25、ind pressure.5.4.4 Movements of wall system due to thermal effects,volumetric changes or building frame movements.5.4.5 Seismic movements, if the building is in a seismicallyactive region.5.5 Mockup SizeThe mockup shall be of sufficient size torepresent the following typical elements of the exterior
26、 wallsystem including interior and exterior comers where appropri-ate. Refer to Section 8 of E 283, E 330 and E 331 forrequirements of the test specimens.NOTE 2Confirm the maximum size mockup that the Test Agency canaccommodate. In some projects, multiple mockups may be necessary totest all desired
27、conditions of the project.5.5.1 HeightMinimum one typical floor height plus anadditional height so that typical horizontal conditions arerepresented. For exterior wall systems that have multi-floorstructural elements or water control systems that occur onalternate floors, the mockup shall include th
28、e height of theminimum number of floors to represent one repetition of theexterior wall design.NOTE 3Typical details that occur adjacent to floor level, such ashorizontal gutters and anchorage to the building, should not be locatedimmediately adjacent to the mockup edge, since this creates a “non-jo
29、b”condition that can lead to misinterpretation of mockup test results.5.5.2 WidthMinimum two repetitive widths of the exte-rior wall system plus an additional width so that typical verticalconditions are represented. Other conditions, such as corners,end conditions and projecting bays shall be inclu
30、ded, ifpractical.5.6 Mockup DetailsProvide the following details inmockup design drawings:5.6.1 Illustrate the elevation view of the mockup in one ofthe two following ways:5.6.1.1 Designate an area of the elevation drawings whichrepresents the materials, height and width of the mockup.5.6.1.2 Provid
31、e a separate mockup elevation drawing thatrepresents the materials, height and width of the mockup. Themockup need not be an actual representation of one area of theexterior wall system, but instead can combine the parts of theexterior wall system in a manner that represents typicalconditions.5.6.2
32、Illustrate the mockup in section and detail viewssufficient to describe the details of the mockup construction.5.7 Mockup Testing RequirementsSpecify the followingtesting requirements:5.7.1 Test LoadDesignate test loads for the mockup basedon design wind pressures that are consistent with the corre-
33、sponding area of the actual building.NOTE 4Mockup design wind pressures are the typical highest windpressures for the building although not necessarily the highest “hot spot”wind pressures.5.7.2 TestsList the ASTM standard, other standard tests,or custom test that are to be performed on the mockup.
34、Foreach test listed, identify the test procedure, test parameters, andpass/fail criteria, by reference to published standards or byproviding detailed descriptions. Provide the following infor-mation for each of the following test standards:5.7.2.1 ASTM E 330:5.7.2.1.1 The positive and negative test
35、loads, the durationof maximum load and the number and location of deflectionmeasurements, as required in Section 10 ofASTM E 330.IftheE 2099 00 (2007)2number and location of deflection measurements is not speci-fied, the TestAgency shall recommend the number and locationof deflection measurements.5.
36、7.2.1.2 Maximum deflection criteria for critical elementsof the mockup expressed as a dimensional unit or as a ratio oflength of span. Deflection criteria expressed as a ratio of lengthof span should be calculated by the Test Agency in accordancewith accepted practice.5.7.2.2 ASTM E 283The test pres
37、sure difference and di-rection of air flow, unless the default requirements are accept-able, and the allowable air leakage rate, as required in Section10 of E 283.5.7.2.3 ASTM E 331The test pressure difference and fail-ure criteria forASTM E 331, unless the default requirements ofSection 10 of E 331
38、 are acceptable.NOTE 5Selection of test-pressure differences is subject to the Speci-fiers judgement. Values of 20% of maximum positive wind pressures ina range between about 0.25 kPa (5.2 lbf./ft2) to 0.70 kPa (15.0 lbf./ft2) arecommonly used (See AAMA 501.).5.7.2.4 AAMA 501.1: The peak test pressu
39、re developed bythe wind generator shall be equivalent to the test pressurestipulated for test ASTM E 331 (5.7.2.3), unless specifiedotherwise.5.7.2.5 ASTM tests E 547 and E 1233 in lieu of ASTME 331 and E 330, respectively, can be selected if appropriate tothe requirements of the exterior wall syste
40、m.5.7.2.6 AAMA 501.4: The design displacement, unless thedefault requirements (Section 7.2.5 of AAMA 501.4) areacceptable.5.7.2.7 AAMA 501.5: The high temperature (exterior am-bient air) low temperature (ambient air) and indoor sidecompartment temperature, unless the default requirements(Section 8.4
41、 of AAMA 501.5) are acceptable. Recording ofinterior surface temperatures (Section 5.6 of AAMA 501.5)shall be specified if dew point calculations are required.NOTE 6Thermal insulation is often installed in the mockup immedi-ately prior to performing thermal testing and removed after this test. Theth
42、ermal insulation inhibits observation of test results in other tests.5.7.3 Order of TestsList the order that the tests are to beperformed. If no order is specified, the following test order,exclusive of the optional tests, shall be used by the TestAgency:NOTE 7Repeat tests are frequently specified t
43、o verify performanceafter a particular test, such as a structural performance or thermal cyclingtest that imposes movements on the mockup.5.7.3.1 Prior to testing, unlock, fully open, close and lockoperable windows, doors or other operable portions of themockup for a minimum of 5 cycles. If repairs
44、or adjustmentsare necessary repeat cycling after repairs or adjustments.Report the repairs or adjustments made prior to testing.5.7.3.2 Test 1 - ASTM E 330 at 50% of the specifiedpositive test load5.7.3.3 Test 2 - ASTM E 2835.7.3.4 Test 3 - ASTM E 3315.7.3.5 Optional Test 4 - AAMA 501.15.7.3.6 Optio
45、nal Test 5 - AAMA 501.4 at 100% of thespecified lateral displacement5.7.3.7 Optional Test 6 - AAMA 501.55.7.3.8 Should Optional Test 5 or 6 be selected, add Test 7- ASTM E 283 and Test 8 - ASTM E 3315.7.3.9 Test 9 - ASTM E 330 at 100% of the specifiedpositive and negative test load5.7.3.10 Test 10 -
46、 ASTM E 3315.7.3.11 Test 11 - ASTM E 330 at 150% of the specifiedpositive and negative test load5.7.3.12 Optional Test 12 - AAMA 501.4 at 150% of thespecified lateral displacement6. Construction6.1 The Builder is responsible for the requirements of thissection, unless stated otherwise.6.2 Prepare sh
47、op drawings to describe all details of themockup. Mockup shop drawings shall be reviewed and ap-proved by the Specifier and TestingAgency prior to fabricatingand constructing the mockup. When the mockup consists ofmultiple elements, such as windows set into an opaque wallsystem, then each element sh
48、all have shop drawings preparedthat fully describe the element and its interface with theadjoining element.NOTE 8It is often necessary to allow time to repeat the mockup shopdrawing review, in case the initial submittal is not acceptable to theSpecifier. The effort taken in resolving issues on the m
49、ockup shopdrawings will usually simplify review of project shop drawings.6.3 Construct the mockup in accordance with the approvedmockup shop drawings and design documents. Use the samesupervisory personnel that will be responsible for the erectionof the exterior wall system for the project so that theyunderstand its design and construction. Build the mockupspecimen at the Test Agencys laboratory, unless anotherlocation has been specified.6.4 Coordinate with the Specifier and Test Agency when themockup will be constructed, to allow independent observationsof
