1、Designation: E2099 00 (Reapproved 2014)1Standard Practice forthe Specification and Evaluation of Pre-ConstructionLaboratory Mockups of Exterior Wall Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2099; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adopt
2、ion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEUnits statement was inserted in Section 1.6, units information was corrected, an
3、d editorial changes were madethroughout in June 2014.1. Scope1.1 This standard practice covers procedures and documen-tation to assist in the specification and evaluation of pre-construction laboratory mockups of exterior wall systems.1.2 This standard practice addresses design and constructionof th
4、e mockup; observation during mockup construction andtesting; evaluation of the mockup test results; and documenta-tion of the mockup and testing process. Coordination isrequired between the parties involved in the design, construc-tion and testing of the mockup to facilitate this process.Documentati
5、on should convey the results of pre-constructionmockups from one party to others at appropriate stages in theprocess.1.3 This standard practice recommends the selection andorder of individual tests performed on the mockup in theabsence of a specific test order.1.4 This standard practice recommends a
6、 protocol for ex-change of information between participants in the pre-construction mockup process.1.5 Responsibility for specific activities is recommended bythis practice. This practice is intended to provide a defaultstructure in the absence of the assignment of specific respon-sibilities by the
7、specifying authority.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E283 Test Method for
8、Determining Rate of Air LeakageThrough Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and DoorsUnder Specified Pressure Differences Across the Speci-menE330/E330M Test Method for Structural Performance ofExterior Windows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls byUniform Static Air Pressure DifferenceE331 Test Method
9、for Water Penetration of ExteriorWindows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uni-form Static Air Pressure DifferenceE547 Test Method for Water Penetration of ExteriorWindows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by CyclicStatic Air Pressure DifferenceE631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE123
10、3/E1233M Test Method for Structural Performance ofExterior Windows, Doors, Skylights, and Curtain Walls byCyclic Air Pressure Differential2.2 AAMA Standards:3AAMA 501, Methods of Test for Exterior WallsAAMA 501.1, Standard Test Method for Exterior Windows,Curtain Walls and Doors for Water Penetratio
11、n usingDynamic PressureAAMA 501.4, Recommended Static Test Method for Evalu-ating Curtain Wall and Storefront Systems Subjected toSeismic and Wind Induced Interstory DriftsAAMA501.5, Test Method for Thermal Cycling of ExteriorWalls1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Per
12、for-mance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.55 onPerformance of Building Enclosures.Current edition approved April 1, 2014. Published June 2014. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as E2099 00(2007).DOI: 10.1520/E2099-00R14E01.2For refer
13、enced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA)
14、,1827 Walden Office Square, Suite 550, Schaumburg, IL 60173-4268, http:/www.aamanet.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1AAMA CW-DG-1, Testing of Aluminum Curtain Walls,Curtain Wall Design Guide Manual3. Terminology3.1
15、DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology E631, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 builderthe builder of the mockup and the exteriorwall system.3.2.2 pre-construction mockupa full-size representation ofthe proposed exterior wall syste
16、m built before the exterior walldesign is completed in order to study proposed constructiondetails, test for performance and possibly judge appearance ofthe exterior wall system.3.2.3 specifierthe architect or professional design partyresponsible for the design of the exterior wall system.3.2.4 test
17、 agencythe selected agency to conduct the re-quired tests.4. Significance and Use4.1 Exterior wall systems require time to design, fabricate,construct and test. Mockups are a fullsize representativeportion of the proposed exterior wall system built to studyproposed construction details, test for per
18、formance and may beused to judge appearance of the exterior wall system. Theproject schedule shall allow time to design, construct and testthe pre-construction mockup and to implement any designchanges, fabrication changes, or modifications of plannedconstruction procedures, before construction of t
19、he exteriorwall system commences.4.2 Performance testing of pre-construction mockups veri-ties compliance with specified standards and design criteria.Performance tests in separate ASTM or other industrystandards, are intended to represent the effects of environmen-tal conditions, such as wind, rain
20、, and temperature extremes.The tests provide a measure of the performance of the proposedexterior wall system under specific and controlled conditions.The specified design and specification of the pre-constructionmockup must be appropriate for the performance test require-ments. Separate tests may b
21、e required for individual mockupmaterials or components.4.3 Pre-construction mockup specimens require input fromSpecifier, Builder and Test Agency. Coordination of theirefforts facilitates this process. Documentation should conveythe results of preconstruction mockups from one party to othersat appr
22、opriate stages in the process.4.4 The referenced standards provided in this practice iden-tify the historical standards typically utilized in pre-construction performance testing. This practice allows for thedevelopment and use of other project specific test proceduresfor various components that enc
23、ompass exterior wall systems.5. Design5.1 The Specifier is responsible for the requirements of thissection, unless stated otherwise.5.2 Provide sufficient information on the design documentsto describe the materials, details and performance testingrequirements of the mockup.5.3 Mockup Materials:5.3.
24、1 All framing and cladding elements of the exterior wallsystem in accurate full size, orientation and configuration.5.3.2 Color and finish of materials, if the appearance of themockup is to be judged.5.3.3 Joints between components.5.3.4 Thermal insulation, if thermal testing is specified.5.3.5 Stru
25、ctural support and attachment of the exterior wallsystem to the building frame.NOTE 1Tolerances between elements of the exterior wail system andthe building support should be considered and tested in a “worst-case”condition in the mockup.5.4 Mockup SystemsElements of the exterior wall systemthat are
26、 designed to control:5.4.1 Air infiltration.5.4.2 Water penetration.5.4.3 Wind pressure.5.4.4 Movements of wall system due to thermal effects,volumetric changes or building frame movements.5.4.5 Seismic movements, if the building is in a seismicallyactive region.5.5 Mockup SizeThe mockup shall be of
27、 sufficient size torepresent the following typical elements of the exterior wallsystem including interior and exterior comers where appropri-ate. Refer to Section 8 of Test Methods E283, E330/E330Mand E331 for requirements of the test specimens.NOTE 2Confirm the maximum size mockup that the Test Age
28、ncy canaccommodate. In some projects, multiple mockups may be necessary totest all desired conditions of the project.5.5.1 HeightMinimum one typical floor height plus anadditional height so that typical horizontal conditions arerepresented. For exterior wall systems that have multi-floorstructural e
29、lements or water control systems that occur onalternate floors, the mockup shall include the height of theminimum number of floors to represent one repetition of theexterior wall design.NOTE 3Typical details that occur adjacent to floor level, such ashorizontal gutters and anchorage to the building,
30、 should not be locatedimmediately adjacent to the mockup edge, since this creates a “non-job”condition that can lead to misinterpretation of mockup test results.5.5.2 WidthMinimum two repetitive widths of the exteriorwall system plus an additional width so that typical verticalconditions are represe
31、nted. Other conditions, such as corners,end conditions and projecting bays shall be included, ifpractical.5.6 Mockup DetailsProvide the following details inmockup design drawings:5.6.1 Illustrate the elevation view of the mockup in one ofthe two following ways:5.6.1.1 Designate an area of the elevat
32、ion drawings whichrepresents the materials, height and width of the mockup.5.6.1.2 Provide a separate mockup elevation drawing thatrepresents the materials, height and width of the mockup. TheE2099 00 (2014)12mockup need not be an actual representation of one area of theexterior wall system, but ins
33、tead can combine the parts of theexterior wall system in a manner that represents typicalconditions.5.6.2 Illustrate the mockup in section and detail viewssufficient to describe the details of the mockup construction.5.7 Mockup Testing RequirementsSpecify the followingtesting requirements:5.7.1 Test
34、 LoadDesignate test loads for the mockup basedon design wind pressures that are consistent with the corre-sponding area of the actual building.NOTE 4Mockup design wind pressures are the typical highest windpressures for the building although not necessarily the highest “hot spot”wind pressures.5.7.2
35、 TestsList the ASTM standard, other standard tests,or custom test that are to be performed on the mockup. Foreach test listed, identify the test procedure, test parameters, andpass/fail criteria, by reference to published standards or byproviding detailed descriptions. Provide the following infor-ma
36、tion for each of the following test standards:5.7.2.1 Test Method E330/E330M:(1) The positive and negative test loads, the duration ofmaximum load and the number and location of deflectionmeasurements, as required in Section 10 of Test MethodE330/E330M. If the number and location of deflection mea-s
37、urements is not specified, the Test Agency shall recommendthe number and location of deflection measurements.(2) Maximum deflection criteria for critical elements of themockup expressed as a dimensional unit or as a ratio of lengthof span. Deflection criteria expressed as a ratio of length ofspan sh
38、ould be calculated by the Test Agency in accordancewith accepted practice.5.7.2.2 Test Method E283The test pressure difference anddirection of air flow, unless the default requirements areacceptable, and the allowable air leakage rate, as required inSection 10 of E283.5.7.2.3 Test Method E331The tes
39、t pressure difference andfailure criteria for Test Method E331, unless the defaultrequirements of Section 10 of E331 are acceptable.NOTE 5Selection of test-pressure differences is subject to the Speci-fiers judgement. Values of 20 % of maximum positive wind pressures ina range between about 5.2 lbf/
40、ft2(0.25 kPa) to 15.0 lbf/ft2(0.70 kPa) arecommonly used (See AAMA 501.).5.7.2.4 AAMA 501.1: The peak test pressure developed bythe wind generator shall be equivalent to the test pressurestipulated for Test Method E331 (5.7.2.3), unless specifiedotherwise.5.7.2.5 Test Methods E547 and E1233/E1233M i
41、n lieu ofTest Methods E331 and E330/E330M, respectively, can beselected if appropriate to the requirements of the exterior wallsystem.5.7.2.6 AAMA 501.4: The design displacement, unless thedefault requirements (Section 7.2.5 of AAMA 501.4) areacceptable.5.7.2.7 AAMA 501.5: The high temperature (exte
42、rior am-bient air) low temperature (ambient air) and indoor sidecompartment temperature, unless the default requirements(Section 8.4 of AAMA 501.5) are acceptable. Recording ofinterior surface temperatures (Section 5.6 of AAMA 501.5)shall be specified if dew point calculations are required.NOTE 6The
43、rmal insulation is often installed in the mockup immedi-ately prior to performing thermal testing and removed after this test. Thethermal insulation inhibits observation of test results in other tests.5.7.3 Order of TestsList the order that the tests are to beperformed. If no order is specified, the
44、 following test order,exclusive of the optional tests, shall be used by the TestAgency:NOTE 7Repeat tests are frequently specified to verify performanceafter a particular test, such as a structural performance or thermal cyclingtest that imposes movements on the mockup.5.7.3.1 Prior to testing, unlo
45、ck, fully open, close and lockoperable windows, doors or other operable portions of themockup for a minimum of 5 cycles. If repairs or adjustmentsare necessary repeat cycling after repairs or adjustments.Report the repairs or adjustments made prior to testing.5.7.3.2 Test 1 - Test Method E330/E330M
46、at 50 % of thespecified positive test load.5.7.3.3 Test 2 - Test Method E283.5.7.3.4 Test 3 - Test Method E331.5.7.3.5 Optional Test 4 - AAMA 501.1.5.7.3.6 Optional Test 5 - AAMA 501.4 at 100 % of thespecified lateral displacement.5.7.3.7 Optional Test 6 - AAMA 501.5.5.7.3.8 Should Optional Test 5 o
47、r 6 be selected, add Test 7- Test Method E283 and Test 8 - Test Method E331.5.7.3.9 Test 9 - Test Method E330/E330M at 100 % of thespecified positive and negative test load.5.7.3.10 Test 10 - Test Method E331.5.7.3.11 Test 11 - Test Method E330/E330M at 150 % of thespecified positive and negative te
48、st load.5.7.3.12 Optional Test 12 - AAMA 501.4 at 150 % of thespecified lateral displacement.6. Construction6.1 The Builder is responsible for the requirements of thissection, unless stated otherwise.6.2 Prepare shop drawings to describe all details of themockup. Mockup shop drawings shall be review
49、ed and ap-proved by the Specifier and TestingAgency prior to fabricatingand constructing the mockup. When the mockup consists ofmultiple elements, such as windows set into an opaque wallsystem, then each element shall have shop drawings preparedthat fully describe the element and its interface with theadjoining element.NOTE 8It is often necessary to allow time to repeat the mockup shopdrawing review, in case the initial submittal is not acceptable to theSpecifier. The effort taken in resolving issues on the mockup shopdrawings will usually simplify revi
