1、Designation: E2157 15Standard Test Method forMeasuring Pavement Macrotexture Properties Using theCircular Track Meter1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2157; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the procedure for obtaining andanalyzing pavement macrotexture profiles using the Circul
3、arTrack Meter (CTMeter).1.2 The CTMeter consists of a charge coupled device(CCD) laser displacement sensor that is mounted on an armthat rotates such that the displacement sensor follows a circulartrack having a diameter of 284 mm.1.3 The CTMeter is designed to measure the same circulartrack that is
4、 measured by the Dynamic Friction Tester(DFTester).1.4 The CTMeter can be used both for laboratory investi-gations and in the field on actual paved surfaces.1.5 The software developed for the CTMeter reports themean profile depth (MPD) and the root mean square (RMS)values of the macrotexture profile
5、s.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish ap
6、pro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E867 Terminology Relating to Vehicle-Pavement SystemsE1845 Practice for Calculating Pavement MacrotextureMean Profile DepthE1911 Test Method for M
7、easuring Paved Surface FrictionalProperties Using the Dynamic Friction Tester2.2 Other Document:Manufacturers “Operating Manual for the Circular TextureMeter”33. Terminology3.1 See Terminology E867.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 negative texture, nmacrotexture produced by de-pressions in the surface.3.2.2 po
8、sitive texture, nmacrotexture produced by asperi-ties projecting above the surface.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method uses a displacement sensor that ismounted on an arm that rotates clockwise at a fixed elevationfrom the surface being measured. The sensor is attached to thearm at a radiu
9、s of 142 mm. The sensor measures verticalmacrotexture depth and does not account for concave recessesin the pavement surface.4.2 The device is controlled by a notebook computer thatsaves and processes the data. When the measurement isinitiated by the computer, a DC motor drives the arm for a full360
10、 revolution.4.3 The profile is recorded in the computer memory anddivided into eight segments for analysis (See Fig. 1). Thecomputer software can process the data to report either theMPD in accordance with Practice E1845 or the RMS or bothfor each segment.5. Significance and Use5.1 In the PIARC Inte
11、rnational Experiment (1)4it wasfound that the volumetric mean texture depth (MTD) washighly correlated to the speed constant of the InternationalFriction Index. It has been found that the average of the MPD1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E17 on Vehicle- Pavement Systems
12、 and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E17.23 onSurface Characteristics Related to Tire Pavement Slip Resistance.Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E2157 09. DOI:10.1520/E2157-15.2For referenced
13、ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Nippo Sangyo Co., Ltd., 12-26, Higashi Tokura 2-Chome,Kokubun
14、ji-shi, Tokyo 185-0002, Japan.4The boldface numbers given in parentheses refer to a list of references at theend of the text.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1values for the eight segments using the CTMeter is extremelyh
15、ighly correlated with the MTD and can replace the volumetricmeasurement for determination of the MTD (2). The recom-mended relationship for the estimate of the MTD from theMPD by the CTMeter is:MTD 5 0.947 MPD10.069 (1)Where MTD and MPD are expressed in millimetres.NOTE 1These equations differ from
16、those given in Practice E1845,which are for the estimated texture depths from linear profiles.5.2 Comparison of the MPD and the RMS for a surfaceprovides information of the nature of the texture, that is,whether the texture is positive or negative (3).5.3 Analysis of the individual segments can be p
17、erformed toexamine the profile parallel to the direction of travel (SegmentsAand E) and perpendicular to the direction of travel (SegmentsC and G). This information could be particularly useful in thestudy of surfaces that have texture with significant directionalcharacteristics.6. Apparatus6.1 CTMe
18、terThe measuring instrument consists of a CCDlaser-displacement sensor mounted on an arm that rotates at 80mm above the surface on a diameter of 284 mm. The arm isdriven by a DC motor at a tangential velocity of 6 m/min in acounterclockwise direction.6.2 Data CollectionThe CCD is sampled 1024 times
19、perrevolution providing a sample spacing on 0.87 mm by an A/Dconverter.6.3 Data RecordingThe data are recorded in memory in anotebook computer. The data are segmented into eight 111.5mm arcs of 128 samples each. The computer software com-putes the MPD or the RMS, or both, of each segment.6.4 Displac
20、ement SensorThe CCD laser-displacementsensor shall have a spot size of 70 m over a range of 65 to 90mm. The vertical resolution shall be 3 m.7. Test Samples7.1 FieldInspect the pavement surface to be measured andselect a dry, homogeneous area that contains no unique,localized features such as cracks
21、 and joints. The test surfacedoes not have to be horizontal provided the instrument can beleveled in working position. Field test surfaces shall be free ofloose particles. Thoroughly clean the surface using the com-pressed air or soft bristle brush, or both, in order to remove anyvisible residue, de
22、bris, or loose aggregate particles from thesurface.7.2 LaboratoryLaboratory test panels shall be clean andfree of loose particles and shall be held firmly during measure-ment.7.2.1 Flat laboratory test panels shall have a test surface ofat least 600 by 600 mm with no disturbance from edge effectsfor
23、 a diameter of 500 mm.8. CalibrationNOTE 2Manufacturers CalibrationThe CTMeter shall be cali-brated at the manufacturers facility, using a precision machined calibra-tion surface having a sawtooth profile having an amplitude of 7 mm anda period of 28 mm, producing an MPD of 3.5 mm.8.1 Field Verifica
24、tionBefore each measurement session,the CTMeter shall be checked using the verification panelprovided by the manufacturer. The result shall be within 60.05mm of the value indicated on the panel. If the result is outsidethese limits, the CTMeter shall be returned to the manufacturerfor calibration.9.
25、 Procedure9.1 Place the CTMeter on a dry, clean, and homogeneousarea of the pavement surface to be measured. If the measure-ment is to be used in conjunction with a measurement by theDynamic Friction Tester (DFTester) specified in Test MethodE1911, the location of the CTMeter should be marked such t
26、hatthe DFTester can be placed in the same location.NOTE 3It is preferable to operate the CTMeter at a location where thesurface is flat. However, it has been shown that the effect is negligible fora deviation from flatness of up to 6 mm over a 0.5 m specimen.9.2 Orient the CTMeter with the Segments
27、C and G perpen-dicular to the direction of travel as shown in Fig. 1.NOTE 4If there is no predominant travel direction, position theCTMeter in an identifiable orientation, such as a physical characteristic ofthe site or according to compass direction.9.3 Select the option to compute the MPD or the R
28、MS, orboth, of the profiles and initiate the measurement from thenotebook computer.9.4 Record the test results or store the data for futureanalysis.10. Report10.1 The report shall include the following:10.1.1 Date and time of day;FIG. 1 Segments of the Circular Track ProfileE2157 15210.1.2 Individua
29、l values of the friction MPD or the RMS, orboth, for each of the eight segments and the average value ofthe eight segments;10.1.3 Temperature of the test surface;10.1.4 Type, age, condition, and location of test surface;10.1.5 Plot of the profile; and10.1.6 Date of the most recent manufacturers cali
30、bration.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionThe standard deviation of eight measure-ments on the same test surface is 0.03 mm.11.2 BiasThere is no basis for determination of the bias.12. Keywords12.1 macrotexture profile; pavement texture; skid resistanceAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. DIMENSI
31、ONS OF THE CIRCULAR TRACK TMETERX1.1 Fig. X1.1 depicts the dimensions of the CTMeter.E2157 153FIG. X1.1 Dimensions of the CT MeterE2157 154REFERENCES(1) Wambold, J. C.,Antle, C. E., Henry, J. J., and Rado, Z., “InternationalPIARC Experiment to Compare and Harmonize Texture and SkidResistance Measure
32、ments, Final report,” Permanent InternationalAssociation of Road Congresses (PIARC), Paris, 1995 .(2) Abe, H., Henry, J.J., Tamai, A., and Wambold, J.C., “Measurement ofPavement Macrotexture Using the Circular Texture Meter(CTMeter),” Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, Wash-ington DC, 200
33、1.(3) Wennink, M. and Gerritsen, W., “Detection of Changes of PavementTexture Material Recognition,” Proceedings of the Fourth Interna-tional Symposium on Pavement Surface Characteristics, Nantes,2000.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in conne
34、ction with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsi
35、ble technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful co
36、nsideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100
37、 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 155
