1、Designation: E2260 03 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Guide forRepointing (Tuckpointing) Historic Masonry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2260; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide applies only to existing historic masonryconstruction. For purposes of this guide historic masonry isintended to refer
3、to buildings that have significant historic,architectural, cultural or social meaning and are constructed ofmasonry materials. Similar techniques and evaluation shouldbe employed for non-historic masonry, but are not addressed inthis guide.1.2 This guide outlines procedures for repointing historicma
4、sonry and is intended to provide guidelines for the user toestablish project-specific requirements for repointing of his-toric masonry.1.3 This guide only pertains to masonry units: brick, terracotta, stone, cast stone, and concrete brick laid in mortar, andmay or may not be appropriate for other ma
5、sonry units.1.4 This guide addresses repointing (tuckpointing) as de-fined in 3.1.3.1.5 When considering repointing, especially on masonry ofartistic, architectural, cultural, or historical significance, guid-ance from a specialist experienced in historic masonry andrepointing should be sought.1.6 T
6、his guide does not address pointing styles or profilesused on masonry or the methods of producing them.1.7 Additional repairs that may impact the structural integ-rity of the masonry may necessitate that a structural stabilityanalysis be completed prior to the execution of any work.1.8 Following thi
7、s guide may involve hazardous materials,operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applica
8、bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick andStructural Clay TileC140 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing ConcreteMasonry Units and Related UnitsC170 Test Method for Compressive Strength of DimensionSto
9、neC780 Test Method for Preconstruction and ConstructionEvaluation of Mortars for Plain and Reinforced UnitMasonryC1324 Test Method for Examination and Analysis of Hard-ened Masonry MortarE1857 Guide for Selection of Cleaning Techniques forMasonry, Concrete, and Stucco SurfacesC270 Specification for
10、Mortar for Unit MasonryC1072 Test Methods for Measurement of Masonry FlexuralBond StrengthE631 Terminology of Building Constructions2.2 Other Referenced Documents:ACI 530.1/ASCE 6/TMS 602 Specifications for MasonryStructures3BIA Technical Note 7F Moisture Resistance of Brick Ma-sonry Maintenance, re
11、issued October 19984BIA Technical Note 1 All-Weather Construction, revisedMarch 19924Secretary of the Interiors Standards for the Treatment ofHistoric Properties, revised 19955London, M., Masonry: How to Care for Old and HistoricBrick and Stone, The Preservation Press, Washington, DC,1988McKee, H. J
12、., “Introduction to Early American Masonry:Stone, Brick, Mortar, and Plaster,” The National Trust,Washington, DC, 1973.“Preparation and Use of Lime Mortars: An Introduction tothe Principles of Using Lime Mortars,” Historic Scotland,Edinburgh, Scotland, 1998Oats, J. A. H., Lime and LimestoneChemistry
13、 and Tech-nology, Production and Uses, Wiley-VCH, New York,19981This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performanceof Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.24 on BuildingPreservation and Rehabilitation Technology.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2012. P
14、ublished January 2012. Originallypublished in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E2260 03. DOI:10.1520/E2260-03R12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informatio
15、n, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, FarmingtonHills, MI 48333-9094, http:/www.concrete.org.4Available from the Brick Industry Association (BIA), 1850 Centennial ParkDrive, Suite 301, Reston, VA 20191, ht
16、tp:/www.bia.org.5Available from U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service,Preservation Assistance Division, 1849 C Street, N.W., Washington DC 20240,http:/www.doi.gov.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Mack,
17、 R. C., and Spewick, J. P., Preservation Brief #2,“Repointing Mortar Joints in Historic Brick Buildings,”National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior,Washington, DC, 1998Weaver, M., Conserving Buildings: A Guide to Techniquesand Materials, John Wiley this improves cure and bond strength. N
18、o standingwater should be visible in the joint.10.3 Preparation of Mortar:10.3.1 Mix dry mortar materials first. Add enough water todry materials such that the mortar can be pressed into a ball byhand.10.3.2 Establish a period of prehydration of the repointingmortar. Prehydrate the mortar by mixing
19、the dry materials withjust enough water to allow the mortar to be formed into a ballby hand. The prehydrated mortar should then be allowed tostand for not less than one hour, nor more than one and one halfhour (BIA Technical Note 7F). Prehydration helps to reduceshrinkage cracks in the mortar joints
20、. Adjust prehydration timeas necessary depending on weather conditions.10.3.3 After the prehydration period, mix mortar materialswith only enough water to be workable.10.3.4 Use mortar within two hours of final mixing.10.3.5 Adding additional water to the mortar to maintainworkability, known as rete
21、mpering, can be performed duringthe two-hour period. Retempering of pigmented mortar maychange the color of the mortar.10.4 Placement of Repointing Mortar:10.4.1 Manually insert repointing mortar into open joints.Fill the joints in three successive layers.10.4.2 Joints with significant voids should
22、have mortarplaced into the void to partially fill the joint and be allowed toset. Subsequently, the joint should be pointed to the specifieddepth with at least two more layers of mortar.10.4.3 Compact each layer by striking with a compactiontool prior to placement of the next layer of mortar.10.4.4
23、Apply successive lifts and tool mortar joints whenthe repointing has achieved initial set.10.4.5 Selection of joint profile should be made with con-sideration of the original profile, the amount and visualappearance of the existing mortar to remain, and the perfor-mance of the mortar joint as a func
24、tion of its profile.NOTE 3Compression of the mortar during tooling makes concave,vee, and grapevine joints more weather-tight than rakes, flush, extruded,weathered, beaded, or struck joints.10.5 Curing and Protection:10.5.1 Cure new pointing lime-putty and non-lime-puttymortar in accordance with acc
25、epted procedures. Curing tech-niques are not covered in this guide.10.5.2 Clean any excess mortar from the face of masonrywith water or the least aggressive effective technique. Thecleaning technique used should not have adverse effects on thesurfaces, substrates, related components, and adjacent su
26、rfaces.Cleaning should be performed when the mortar has reachedinitial set, but can still be removed. The timing of the cleaningshould be assessed during the preparation of the test areas.10.6 Protect the work from weather and construction activi-ties during and after the work until the mortar has c
27、ured.Curing time will vary depending on weather conditions.11. Visual Inspection of the Work11.1 Visual inspection of repointing procedures and materi-als should be required at regular intervals during the executionof the work. Visual inspection of completed areas and com-parison to approved samples
28、 and test areas should be madeunder similar lighting and exposure conditions. If cleaning themasonry after repointing is required, such cleaning should beconducted prior to a final visual evaluation of the work. Overallconsistency of color, joint configuration, and general appear-ance should be eval
29、uated by visual inspection.12. Keywords12.1 historic masonry; mortar; pointing; repointing;tuckpointingE2260 03 (2012)4ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressl
30、y advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, e
31、ither reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may atte
32、nd. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. I
33、ndividual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).E2260 03 (2012)5
