1、Designation: E 2386 04Standard Guide forthe Conduct of PDD Screening Examinations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2386; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pa
2、rentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide establishes essential and recommended ele-ments in the procedures for the conduct of a psychophysiologi-cal detection of deception (PDD
3、) screening examination.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 1954 Practice for Conduct of Research in Psychophysi-ological Detection of Deception (PDD)E 2000 Guide for Minimum Basic Polygraph Training andEducationE 2063 Calibration and Functionality Checks Used in Fo-rensic PDD ExaminationE
4、2035 TerminologyE 2062 Guide for PDD Examination Standard of PracticeE 2064 Guide for Minimum Continuing Education for In-dividuals Involved in Psychophysiology3. Location and Test Conditions3.1 Conditions under which testing occurs shall be free fromdistractions that would interfere with the abilit
5、y of the exam-inee to appropriately focus on the issues being addressed. Theexamination site should be reasonably free from outside noiseand distraction.4. Preparation4.1 All relevant paperwork pertaining to the examineeshould be made available to the examiner in ample time forreview prior to the ex
6、amination.4.2 Only instruments meeting ASTM standards, as a mini-mum, should be used during the conduct of PDD screeningexaminations.4.3 No examination shall be conducted unless the instru-ment is functioning in accordance with Practice E 2063.4.4 An examiner shall, prior to the examination, dedicat
7、esufficient time to identify the issues and unique circumstancesin any area of anticipated testing.5. Pretest Practices5.1 The examiner shall adhere to the following practices:5.1.1 Verify the correct identity of the examinee to theextent possible.5.1.2 Obtain the consent of the examinee prior to te
8、sting.5.1.3 The examiner shall ensure that the examinee is a fitsubject for testing to the extend legally practicable.5.1.3.1 At any time during the PDD examination that itbecomes apparent to the examiner that the examinee is notsuitable for testing, the examination will be terminated.5.2 All screen
9、ing examinations shall be conducted in com-pliance with governing local, state, and federal regulations andlaws.5.3 The examiner shall display objectivity.5.4 Sufficient time shall be spent to discuss the issues to betested and to allow the examinee to explain his/her position.5.5 The examiner shall
10、 formulate all test questions incompliance with recognized professional practices.5.6 The examiner shall allow sufficient time to introduceeach test question to the examinee in a manner which complieswith recognized professional practices.5.6.1 Sufficient time shall be spent to ensure that theexamin
11、ee recognizes and understands each question.5.7 Sufficient time shall be spent to ensure that the examineeunderstands the PDD process and that cooperation is required.5.8 Screening examinations shall be audio/visual recordedin their entirety unless precluded by provisions in 5.2.6. Intest Practices6
12、.1 Examiners shall use testing formats and techniques inaccordance with ASTM standards.6.2 Examiners shall only use screening formats for whichthey have been trained in accordance with Guide E 2000 andGuide E 2064.6.2.1 No more than five relevant questions should beaddressed in any one series of a s
13、creening examination.6.2.2 Screening tests, like other multiple-issue PDD tech-niques, are tests for utility, designed as a screening method andnot a specific issue examination. To maximize accuracy and1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E52 on Psychophysi-ology and is the direct
14、 responsibility of Subcommittee E52.05 on Psychophysiologi-cal Detection of Deception (PDD).Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2004. Published October 2004.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
15、Standards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.utility, a specific issue test should be conducted when signifi-cant responses appear using
16、 this screening tool. When suchresponses are present to any relevant question on the screeningtest, the response should be explored further with the examineeand tested using a single-issue comparison test format asoutlined in ASTM standards. Opinions that an examinee hasbeen deceptive should result
17、only from the analysis of aspecific issue test.6.3 All physiological recordings shall be accounted for, andconsidered in the final opinion.6.4 Examiners shall not deliberately change the manner inwhich the questions are presented within a test.6.5 Question intervals shall allow for a reasonable reco
18、very.6.6 Stimulus onset to stimulus onset shall not be less than 20seconds.7. Evaluation Practices7.1 The examiner shall use evaluation methods for whichthey have been formally trained and that are appropriate to thattesting technique.7.1.1 All scoring and decision rules used within an organi-zation
19、 for PDD screening shall be rendered in writing.7.2 The examiner shall maintain all records of test dataanalysis in accordance with ASTM E 2031 Standard Practicefor Quality Control Psychophysiological Detection of Decep-tion (Polygraph) Examinations.7.3 The examiner shall not disclose the results of
20、 theexamination until the test has been adequately and sufficientlyanalyzed.7.4 Examiners shall collect a sufficient amount of physi-ological data suitable for evaluation in compliance with theformat utilized.7.4.1 All suitable physiological data will be evaluated whenformulating an opinion.8. Postt
21、est Practices8.1 Following collection of all physiological data, a discus-sion of the examination shall be conducted, as appropriate.8.2 Consumers of PDD results shall be advised that anydecision regarding the examinees status should not be basedsolely on the results of physiological responses obtai
22、ned duringa PDD screening examination.9. Keywords9.1 forensic psychophysiology; PDD employment screeningexamination; PDD examination; polygraphASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of th
23、is standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five ye
24、ars andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical commi
25、ttee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E2386042
