1、Designation: E2386 04 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Guide forConduct of PDD Screening Examinations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2386; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide establishes essential and recommended ele-ments in the procedures for the conduct of a psychophysiologi-cal detection of dec
3、eption (PDD) screening examination.1.2 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trad
4、e Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E2000 Guide for Minimum Basic Education and Training ofIndividuals Involved in the Detection of Deception (PDD)(Withdrawn 2014)3E2031 Practice for Quality Control of PsychophysiologicalDetection of D
5、eception (Polygraph) ExaminationsE2063 Practice for Calibration and Functionality ChecksUsed in Forensic Psychophysiological Detection of De-ception (Polygraph) ExaminationsE2064 Guide for Minimum Continuing Education of Indi-viduals Involved in Psychophysiological Detection ofDeception (PDD)3. Loca
6、tion and Test Conditions3.1 Conditions under which testing occurs shall be free fromdistractions that would interfere with the ability of the exam-inee to appropriately focus on the issues being addressed. Theexamination site should be reasonably free from outside noiseand distraction.4. Preparation
7、4.1 All relevant paperwork pertaining to the examineeshould be made available to the examiner in ample time forreview prior to the examination.4.2 Only instruments meeting ASTM standards, as aminimum, should be used during the conduct of PDD screen-ing examinations.4.3 No examination shall be conduc
8、ted unless the instru-ment is functioning in accordance with Practice E2063.4.4 An examiner shall, prior to the examination, dedicatesufficient time to identify the issues and unique circumstancesin any area of anticipated testing.5. Pretest Practices5.1 The examiner shall adhere to the following pr
9、actices:5.1.1 Verify the correct identity of the examinee to theextent possible.5.1.2 Obtain the consent of the examinee prior to testing.5.1.3 The examiner shall ensure that the examinee is a fitsubject for testing to the extend legally practicable.5.1.3.1 At any time during the PDD examination tha
10、t itbecomes apparent to the examiner that the examinee is notsuitable for testing, the examination will be terminated.5.2 All screening examinations shall be conducted in com-pliance with governing local, state, and federal regulations andlaws.5.3 The examiner shall display objectivity.5.4 Sufficien
11、t time shall be spent to discuss the issues to betested and to allow the examinee to explain his or her position.5.5 The examiner shall formulate all test questions incompliance with recognized professional practices.5.6 The examiner shall allow sufficient time to introduceeach test question to the
12、examinee in a manner which complieswith recognized professional practices.5.6.1 Sufficient time shall be spent to ensure that theexaminee recognizes and understands each question.5.7 Sufficient time shall be spent to ensure that the examineeunderstands the PDD process and that cooperation is require
13、d.5.8 Screening examinations shall be audio/visual recordedin their entirety unless precluded by provisions in 5.2.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E52 on ForensicPsychophysiology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E52.05 onPsychophysiological Detection of Decept
14、ion (PDD).Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as E2386 04 (2011).DOI: 10.1520/E2386-04R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm
15、.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428
16、-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technic
17、al Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.16. Intest Practices6.1 Examiners shall use testing formats and techniques inaccordance with ASTM standards.6.2 Examiners shall only use screening formats for whichthey have been trained in accordance with Guide E2000 andGuide E2064.6.2.1 No more than five releva
18、nt questions should beaddressed in any one series of a screening examination.6.2.2 Screening tests, like other multiple-issue PDDtechniques, are tests for utility, designed as a screening methodand not a specific issue examination. To maximize accuracyand utility, a specific issue test should be con
19、ducted whensignificant responses appear using this screening tool. Whensuch responses are present to any relevant question on thescreening test, the response should be explored further with theexaminee and tested using a single-issue comparison testformat as outlined in ASTM standards. Opinions that
20、 anexaminee has been deceptive should result only from theanalysis of a specific issue test.6.3 All physiological recordings shall be accounted for, andconsidered in the final opinion.6.4 Examiners shall not deliberately change the manner inwhich the questions are presented within a test.6.5 Questio
21、n intervals shall allow for a reasonable recovery.6.6 Stimulus onset to stimulus onset shall not be less than 20seconds.7. Evaluation Practices7.1 The examiner shall use evaluation methods for whichthey have been formally trained and that are appropriate to thattesting technique.7.1.1 All scoring an
22、d decision rules used within an organi-zation for PDD screening shall be rendered in writing.7.2 The examiner shall maintain all records of test dataanalysis in accordance with Practice E2031.7.3 The examiner shall not disclose the results of theexamination until the test has been adequately and suf
23、ficientlyanalyzed.7.4 Examiners shall collect a sufficient amount of physi-ological data suitable for evaluation in compliance with theformat utilized.7.4.1 All suitable physiological data will be evaluated whenformulating an opinion.8. Posttest Practices8.1 Following collection of all physiological
24、 data, a discus-sion of the examination shall be conducted, as appropriate.8.2 Consumers of PDD results shall be advised that anydecision regarding the examinees status should not be basedsolely on the results of physiological responses obtained duringa PDD screening examination.9. Keywords9.1 foren
25、sic psychophysiology; PDD employment screeningexamination; PDD examination; polygraphASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of th
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28、 have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or mult
29、iple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 04 (2017)2
