1、Designation: E2404 09An American National StandardStandard Practice forSpecimen Preparation and Mounting of Textile, Paper orPolymeric (Including Vinyl) Wall or Ceiling Coverings toAssess Surface Burning Characteristics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2404; the number immediatel
2、y following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This pract
3、ice describes procedures for specimen prepa-ration and mounting when testing textile, paper or polymeric(including vinyl and expanded vinyl) wall or ceiling coveringmaterials to assess flame spread and smoke development assurface burning characteristics using Test Method E84.1.2 Testing is conducted
4、 with Test Method E84.1.3 This practice does not provide pass/fail criteria that canbe used as a regulatory tool.1.4 Use the values stated in inch-pound units as the stan-dard, in referee decisions. The values in the SI system of unitsare given in parentheses, for information only; see IEEE/ASTM SI-
5、10IEEE/ASTM SI-10 for further details.1.5 This fire standard cannot be used to provide quantitativemeasures.1.6 Fire testing of products and materials is inherentlyhazardous, and adequate safeguards for personnel and propertyshall be employed in conducting these tests. Fire testinginvolves hazardous
6、 materials, operations, and equipment. Thisstandard gives instructions on specimen preparation andmounting, but the fire-test-response method is given in TestMethod E84. See also Section 10.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It i
7、s theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotesshal
8、l not be considered requirements of the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:23C36/C36M Specification for Gypsum Wallboard3C1186 Specification for Flat Fiber-Cement SheetsC1396/C1396M Specification for Gypsum BoardE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding Materials
9、E136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a VerticalTube Furnace at 750CE176 Terminology of Fire StandardsIEEE/ASTM SI-10 International System of Units (SI): TheModern Metric System2.2 CSA Standard:4CSA O121 Douglas Fir Plywood2.3 NIST Standard:5Voluntary Product Standard PS 1-07 Structural Plyw
10、ood3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this prac-tice refer to the terminology contained in Terminology E176.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 expanded vinyl wall or ceiling covering, na wall orceiling covering consisting of a woven textile backing, a
11、nexpanded vinyl base coat layer (which is a homogeneous vinyllayer that contains a blowing agent), and a nonexpanded vinylskin coat.3.2.2 paper wall or ceiling covering, na wall or ceilingcovering with a top layer consisting of paper or an alternativecellulosic-based material, but not consisting of
12、a wood product.3.2.3 polymeric wall or ceiling covering, na wall orceiling covering with a top layer consisting of polymeric-basedmaterial.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on FireStandards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.22 on SurfaceBurning.Current
13、 edition approved Dec. 15, 2009. Published January 2010. Originallyapproved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as E2404-08. DOI:10.1520/E2404-09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of A
14、STMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Available from Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 178 Rexdale Blvd.,Toronto, ON Canada M9W 1R3.5Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Gaither
15、sburg, MD 20899-3460.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.4 self-supporting specimen, na specimen that remainsin place by its own structural characteristics both before andduring the fire test.3.2.5 textile, noriginall
16、y a woven fabric, now generallyapplied to (1) staple fibers and filaments suitable for conversionto or use as yarns or for the preparation of nonwoven fabrics,(2) yarns made from natural or manufactured fibers, and (3)fabrics made from fibers as defined in (1) and (2) and fromyarns.3.2.6 vinyl wall
17、or ceiling covering, na wall or ceilingcovering produced by applying a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC,vinyl) based coating, or laminating a preformed vinyl film,onto a woven or nonwoven fabric substrate or paper.3.2.7 wall or ceiling covering, na textile-, paper- orpolymeric (including vinyl) based produ
18、ct designed to beattached to a wall or ceiling surface for decorative or acousticalpurposes.3.2.7.1 DiscussionWall or ceiling coverings with ink ortopcoat layers added as part of the manufacturing process areincluded in this definition.3.2.8 wall or ceiling covering system, nan assembly of atextile
19、wall or ceiling covering, a paper wall or ceiling coveringor a polymeric (including vinyl) wall or ceiling covering,adhesive (if used), and substrate (if it is part of the assembly)used as a wall or ceiling treatment for decorative or acousticalpurposes.3.2.8.1 DiscussionThe wall or ceiling covering
20、 material isusually intended to be directly attached to a substrate, viaadhesives or mechanical fasteners. In some cases the wall orceiling covering system will be supported by a frame systemsome distance away from the wall or ceiling covering material.4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practice describ
21、es procedures for specimen prepa-ration and mounting when testing textile, paper or polymeric(including vinyl and expanded vinyl) wall or ceiling coveringsto assess flame spread and smoke development as surfaceburning characteristics using Test Method E84.5. Significance and Use5.1 Textile, paper an
22、d polymeric (including vinyl and ex-panded vinyl) wall or ceiling coverings and wall or ceilingcovering systems used as interior finish are often evaluatedwith Test Method E84 to comply with building or life safetycode requirements. This practice describes specimen prepara-tion and mounting procedur
23、es for such materials and systems.5.2 This practice is not applicable to the following materi-als:5.2.1 Wall or ceiling coverings with exposed wood surfaces,and5.2.2 Any wall or ceiling covering system where the toplayer is not a textile material, a paper-based material, apolymeric material or a vin
24、yl material.6. Conditioning6.1 The test specimens shall be conditioned as described inthe section on specimen conditioning in Test Method E84.7. Test Specimens7.1 The test specimen sizes shall comply with those de-scribed in the test specimen section of Test Method E84. Thetest specimens shall be bu
25、tted against the vent end of the firetest chamber and shall consist of a continuous, unbrokenlength, or of sections joined end-to-end. The test specimensshall have a width of 20 to 24 in. (510 to 610 mm), a length of24 ft + 12 in. 6 in. (7.32 m + 305 mm 152 mm) and amaximum thickness of 4 in. (101 m
26、m).7.2 The wall covering system test specimens shall beprepared as described in Section 8.8. Test Specimen Preparation8.1 Whenever a wall or ceiling covering system uses anadhesive to attach a wall or ceiling covering material, theadhesive specified by the manufacturer shall be used forconstruction
27、of the test specimen in accordance with the wall orceiling covering manufacturer application instructions.8.1.1 If the wall or ceiling covering system is a factory-produced wall panel, the adhesive shall be the same one usedin the manufacture of the factory-produced wall or ceilingpanel.8.2 Wall or
28、Ceiling Coverings Intended to be AppliedDirectly to a Noncombustible Wall or Ceiling SurfaceIf thewall or ceiling coverings are intended to be applied directly toa noncombustible wall or ceiling surface, the specimens shallconsist of the wall or ceiling covering mounted on a14 in. (6.3mm) thick fibe
29、r-cement board, complying with SpecificationC1186 (Grade II) and passing Test Method E136, as describedin the Annex on Cement Board Requirements of Test MethodE84. Mount the specimens on the ledges of the Test MethodE84 furnace without using additional means of support.8.3 Wall or Ceiling Coverings
30、Intended to be Applied overGypsum BoardIf the wall or ceiling coverings are intendedto be applied over gypsum board, the specimens shall consistof the wall or ceiling covering mounted on a58 in. (15.9 mm)thick Type X gypsum board, complying with SpecificationC36/C36MC36/C36M or Specification C1396/C
31、1396M. Thegypsum board shall not be required to be mounted on studs.Mount the specimens on the ledges of the Test Method E84furnace without using additional means of support.8.3.1 Whenever a wall or ceiling covering has been testedusing the test specimen described in 8.3 (over gypsum board),it shall
32、 not be required to be additionally tested mounted on afiber-cement board.8.4 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Intended to be Applied over aWood SubstrateIf the wall or ceiling coverings are intendedto be applied over a wood substrate, the specimens shall consistof the wall or ceiling covering mounted on u
33、ntreated plywood,with a face veneer of Douglas fir. The plywood shall have thesame thickness as the wood substrate used in field practice, andshall comply with NIST Voluntary Product Standard PS 1-07,Structural Plywood. The plywood shall carry a grade stampindicating that the plywood has been graded
34、 PS 1-07 A-B andis for exterior exposure. The plywood shall contain a gradestamp issued by a quality control agency. Alternatively, theplywood shall be permitted to be stamped as conforming toE2404 092CSA Standard O121 (Douglas fir plywood). Mount the speci-mens on the ledges of the Test Method E84
35、furnace withoutusing an additional means of support.8.5 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Intended to be Applied overSubstrates other than Wood, Gypsum Board or Noncombus-tible SurfacesIf the wall or ceiling coverings are intended tobe applied over substrates other than wood, gypsum board ornoncombustible s
36、urfaces, the specimens shall consist of thewall or ceiling covering mounted on the substrate to be used infield practice. Mount the specimens on the ledges of the TestMethod E84 furnace without using an additional means ofsupport.8.6 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Not Intended to be AdheredDirectly to a
37、Wall or Ceiling Surface, but Intended to beOtherwise Supported by Framing or a Track SystemThespecimens shall consist of the wall or ceiling covering mountedfor test in a manner that is representative of its installation.9. Testing of Specimens9.1 All testing shall be conducted using the methodology
38、described in Test Method E84.10. Operator Safety10.1 The primary concerns for operator safety are associ-ated with the fire-test-response procedure, Test Method E84,and not with the specimen preparation procedure. Safetyrecommendations are included in Test Method E84.11. Report11.1 Report a detailed
39、 description of the system beingtested.11.2 Report a detailed description of the specimen prepara-tion method used, including the adhesive, if used, and itsapplication rate, per Section 8.11.3 Report all the information required in the reportingsection of Test Method E84, including observations, gra
40、phicalresults and the values of the flame spread index and of thesmoke developed index in each test.12. Keywords12.1 fire; fire test; flame spread; paper ceiling coverings;paper wall coverings; smoke developed; Steiner tunnel; textileceiling coverings; textile wall coverings; vinyl ceiling cover-ing
41、s; vinyl wall coveringsAPPENDIXX1. Grade Stamping AgenciesX1.1 APAThe Engineered Wood Association6and TECO7are quality control agencies that can issue grade stamps for PS1-07 plywood.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any ite
42、m mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical comm
43、ittee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a m
44、eeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive
45、, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).6Information available from APA The Engineered Wood Association, 7011South 19th, Tacoma, WA, 98466.7Information available from TECO, 5650 Terra Court, Sun Prairie, WI, 53590.E2404 093
