1、Designation: E 2589 08Standard Terminology Relating toNonsieving Methods of Powder Characterization1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2589; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONParticle size distribution, surface area, and other forms of particle analysis have been commonlyadopted methods of verifying com
3、pliance with desired particle specifications for some time. Greateremphasis is now being placed on inter- and intralaboratory correlation of all particle measurementsystems.To ensure a better understanding of the comparison of testing results from particle measurementsystems, terminology relating to
4、 the measurements must be clearly defined and documented so thatboth the recipient and generator of the data are in full agreement as to the meaning of the data. Everyeffort has been made here to ensure accuracy, precision, and clarity for the terms included in thisterminology document. For Committe
5、e E29, this is an ongoing process with new terms beingdeveloped and defined for future inclusion. Suggestions and comments for additions, corrections, andrevisions are welcomed.1. Scope1.1 This terminology covers the definitions of terms used inthe description and procedures of analysis of particula
6、tematerials not ordinarily analyzed using test sieves. The termsrelate directly to the equipment used in analysis, the physicalforms of the materials to be analyzed, and selected descriptivedata reduction and analysis formats.1.2 Committee E29 on Particle and Spray Characterizationbelieves that it i
7、s essential to include terms and definitionsexplicit to the committees scope, regardless of whether theterms appear in existing ASTM standards. Terms that are incommon usage and appear in common-language dictionariesare generally not included, unless they have specific meaningsin the context of part
8、icle characterization different from thecommon-language definitions.2. Significance and Use2.1 Interpretation and use of data generated by particlecharacterization methods is highly dependent on the definitionsof terms describing that data. It is extremely important thatthose terms be defined in pre
9、cisely the same way both whencomparing data from different characterization techniques andeven when correlating data from the same technique.2.2 It is likewise important that users of particle character-ization methods and the data generated therefrom understandthe principles of the methods, so that
10、 differences and similari-ties in the data can be interpreted in relation to those principles.That understanding can help to avoid disagreements when datafrom different characterization methods are compared.2.3 The definitions contained in this terminology will aid inthe interpretation of particle c
11、haracterization data with respectto the method(s) used to produce that data.3. Terminologyblind pore, nopen pore having only a single connection withan external surface.dispersion, nsystem consisting of particles distributed in asolid, liquid, or gas.dynamic image analysis, n particle size and shape
12、 analysisusing computer image analysis techniques oninstantaneously-captured still-frame projected images of par-ticles in motion.DISCUSSIONSome instruments use a moving measurement appara-tus on static particles.electrical sensing zone analysis , nparticle size analysis inwhich particles suspended
13、in a conductive liquid mediumpass through a narrow orifice in an insulating materialseparating two electrodes. Each traversing particle generatesa signal proportional to its volume.electrical sensing zone equivalent spherical diameter,ndiameter of a hypothetical spherical particle that whensuspended
14、 in a conducting fluid would yield the sameelectrical signal as the particle under analysis.emulsion, na system that consists of one liquid dispersed inanother.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E29 on Particleand Spray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of
15、Subcommittee E29.02on Non-Sieving Methods.Current edition approved May 15, 2008. Published June 2008.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.equivalent spherical diameter, ndiameter of a sphere thathas the same geometrical ch
16、aracteristics (projected area,volume, etc.) or the same behavior (settling, light scattering,etc.) as the particle under analysis.equivalent volume diameter, ndiameter of a sphere that hasthe same volume as the particle under analysis.frequency distribution, n the representation of the relativefract
17、ions of a particle size distribution represented by (orassociated with) discrete size values (recognizing that anindividual value may represent a range of values).median particle size, nthe particle size at which half thedistribution (by mass, volume, number, etc.) is larger thanand half smaller tha
18、n the stated size.open pore, ncavity or channel with access to an externalsurface.pore, , ncavity or channel within a particle, powder, or solidbodypore size distribution , n distribution of measured porevolume, area, or number versus pore size, which may be thediameter of a cylindrical or spherical
19、 pore, the distancebetween opposite walls of a slit, or some other lineardimension describing the pore opening.primary particle, , n a discrete unit, itself bound togetheronly by strong atomic or molecular forces, in a collection ofparticles that may be bound together by other, weaker,cohesive force
20、s.sedimentation analysis, nparticle size analysis whereStokes Law or Newtons Law is used to relate the size ofparticles to their motion in a specified medium, at a specifiedtemperature.surface area, nextent of surface of a particle or powderincluding accessible internal surfaces.4. Keywords4.1 nonsi
21、eving methods; particle; particle characterization;particle measurement; particle size; particulate; powder; pow-der characterization; surface areaThis standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either r
22、eapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If
23、you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E2589082
