1、Designation: E 2623 081Standard Practice forReporting Thermometer Calibrations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2623; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in paren
2、theses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEThe title was corrected editorially in May 2009.1. Scope1.1 This practice contains reporting requirements for ther-mometer calibrations included in ASTM Comm
3、ittee E20 TestMethods.1.2 This practice covers reports of calibration for radiationthermometers, liquid-in-glass thermometers, resistance ther-mometers, and new thermocouples.NOTE 1This practice does not apply to used thermocouples.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety conce
4、rns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E77 Test Method for Inspection and Verif
5、ication of Ther-mometersE 344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-etry2.2 Other Standards:ANSI/NCSL Z540-1-1994 American National Standard forCalibrationCalibration Laboratories and Measuring andTest EquipmentGeneral Requirements3ISO/IEC 17025:2005 General Requirements for the Com-petence
6、 of Testing and Calibration Laboratories33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions given in Terminology E 344,unless otherwise defined herein, apply to terms as used in thispractice.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 correction, nnumerical value added to the uncor-rected result
7、of a measurement to compensate for errors.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThe correction is equal to the negativeof the estimated errors. Since the systematic error cannot beknown perfectly, the compensation cannot be complete.3.2.2 error, nthe indication of a thermometer or tempera-ture measuring device minus a
8、true value of the correspondinginput quantity.3.2.2.1 DiscussionSince the true value cannot be deter-mined, in practice a conventional true value is used. Thisconcept applies mainly where the instrument is compared to areference standard.3.2.3 gradient zone, nthe section of a thermocouple that isexp
9、osed during a measurement to temperatures in the rangefrom tamb+ 0.1(tm tamb)totamb+ 0.9(tm tamb), where tambisambient temperature and tmis the temperature of the measuringjunction.3.2.3.1 DiscussionThis term is used in thermocouplecalibration reports as part of the description of the thermalprofile
10、 along the length of the thermocouple. Although athermocouple emf is a function of the measuring and referencejunction temperatures, the emf is actually generated along thelength of the thermocouple, wherever the thermoelements passthrough a temperature gradient. The gradient zone definition isinten
11、ded to describe, in an approximate way, the section ofthermocouple that created most of the emf during the calibra-tion.3.2.4 half-maximum heated length, nthe distance betweenthe tip of the temperature sensor and the position along thelength of the sensor leads or sheath where the temperatureequals
12、the average of the calibration-point and ambient tem-peratures.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E20 on TemperatureMeasurement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E20.07 on Funda-mentals in Thermometry.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published January 2009
13、.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
14、, 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.4.1 DiscussionThis term is used in thermocouplecalibration reports as part of the description of the thermalprofil
15、e along the length of the thermocouple.4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practice describes the required information neces-sary for reporting results of temperature calibrations includedin ASTM Test Methods.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice is adequate for use with all ASTM TestMethods which req
16、uire the reporting of temperature measure-ments.5.2 The Report of Calibration, however named, is thephysical output of the calibration laboratory. It shall beprepared so that both the results of the measurement(s) and thenon-technical information necessary to support those resultsare conveyed in a m
17、anner that ensures accurate communicationand justification of the results to the benefit of all concerned.5.3 This practice is not meant to supersede requirements ofother standards practice such as ISO/IEC 17025 or ANSI/NCSL Z540-1.6. Procedure6.1 Requirements for Written ReportThe requirements in6.
18、1.1 through 6.1.14 are mandatory for all written reportsissued in compliance with this practice. Sections 6.1.15through 6.1.19 include general provisions for information thatmay be omitted if not required by a calibration procedure orclient/user.6.1.1 Title ExamplesReport of Calibration, Calibration
19、Certificate, Test Report or Test Certificate.6.1.2 Name and address of the laboratory and locationwhere calibration was performed, if different from the labora-tory address.6.1.3 Unique identification of the report or certificate, andon each page an identification in order to ensure that the pageis
20、recognized as part of the report or certificate, a clearidentification of the end of the report or certificate, and thepage number and total number of pages.6.1.4 Name and address of the client.6.1.5 Statement and concise description of the test methodor calibration procedure used. This statement sh
21、all includerevisions and the date of the test method or calibrationprocedure. Test methods can consist of published standards(such as ASTM Test Methods), internally developed methods,or a combination of both.6.1.5.1 Information describing deviations from previouslyagreed upon procedures.6.1.6 Descri
22、ption of thermometer or thermocouple, includ-ing overall range, and if different, range calibrated. This shallalso include manufacturer, model number (as applicable),identification or unique serial number, and the condition of thethermometer or thermocouple upon receipt.6.1.7 Date of Calibration:6.1
23、.7.1 Where applicable, additional dates, including datereceived, date of report preparation and next due date may beincluded.6.1.8 Calibration ResultsThis can take the form of a tablewith reading of standard temperature, reading of test instru-ment, corrections to be applied and consistent units of
24、measureor any form of reporting as requested by the customer.6.1.8.1 When an instrument has been repaired or adjusted,the calibration results before and after repair or adjustmentshall be reported, if available.6.1.9 Conditions (for example, environmental conditions)under which the calibrations were
25、 made that have an influenceon the measurement results.6.1.10 A statement of calculated measurement uncertaintyand corresponding level of confidence.6.1.10.1 Method for calculating uncertainties.6.1.10.2 Coverage factor and estimated confidence interval.6.1.11 Traceability statement to NIST or other
26、 NationalMetrological Institute (NMI) of test equipment used in the testor calibration.6.1.12 Signature or equivalent identification of responsibleparty.6.1.12.1 Other signatures may be required, at the discretionof the laboratory manager. Each signatory or named personaccepts responsibility for the
27、 contents of the report.6.1.13 Astatement specifying that the calibration certificate,however named, shall not be reproduced except in full, withoutwritten approval of the laboratory.6.1.14 Statement of Temperature Scale (e.g. InternationalTemperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90).6.1.15 Where appropriate
28、and needed, opinions and inter-pretations, including additional information which may berequired by specific methods, clients or groups of clients.6.1.16 Where relevant, a sampling plan and procedure and astatement to the effect that the results relate only to the itemscalibrated.6.1.17 Where releva
29、nt, a statement of compliance/non-compliance with requirements and/or specification.6.1.17.1 Compliance refers to all criteria, both specifica-tions and maximum permissible error, of a referenced standardand not just portions, such as, compliance with maximumpermissible error only.6.1.18 Date of rec
30、eipt of calibration item where this iscritical to the validity and application of the results.6.1.19 When applicable, customer purchase order or refer-ence number and date.6.2 Additional Requirements for All Reported Calibrationsfor Radiation Thermometers only:6.2.1 Statement of source type (black b
31、ody, filament lamp,etc.).6.2.2 Statement of source aperture or diameter of flat typesources.6.2.3 Statement of calibration distance.6.2.4 Statement of target size (as referenced to the thermom-eter under test).6.2.5 Statement of emissivity (emissivity setting of thethermometer under test.6.2.6 State
32、ment of source emissivity.6.2.7 Statement of the spectral response of the thermometerunder test.6.2.8 Statement of optical resolution.E262308126.3 Additional Requirements for All Reported Calibrationsof Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers:6.3.1 Statement of minimum length of time at test tempera-ture befor
33、e reading.NOTE 2The time allowed for equilibrium of a liquid-in-glass ther-mometer is dependent on the type of thermometric liquid used. For thepurposes of this practice, the timing device for this measurement does notneed to be traceable to an NMI.6.3.2 Statement of emergent stem temperature either
34、 inchart form or text form (for partial immersion thermometers ortotal immersion thermometers calibrated with partial immer-sion only).6.4 Additional Requirements for Reported Calibrations ofResistance ThermometersThe requirements in 6.4.1 through6.4.4 are mandatory for all written reports for resis
35、tancethermometers issued in compliance with this practice. Sections6.4.5 through 6.4.8 include general provisions for informationthat may be omitted if not required by a calibration procedureor client/user.6.4.1 As found values R(0.01 C), R(0 C) or other agreedupon value.6.4.2 Change in R(0.01 C) or
36、 R(0 C) observed duringcalibration.6.4.3 Nominal excitation current.6.4.4 Uncertainty of fitted results, if different from uncer-tainty of measurement data.6.4.5 Tabulated R(t) when specified by the client/user.6.4.6 Hysteresis results, if applicable.6.4.7 Fitting equation or reference to fitting eq
37、uation, ifapplicable.6.4.8 Fitting residuals, if applicable.6.4.9 Repeatability results, if applicable.6.5 Additional Requirements for Reported Calibrations ofThermocouplesThe requirements in 6.5.1 through 6.5.4 aremandatory for all written reports for thermocouples issued incompliance with this pra
38、ctice. Sections 6.5.5 and 6.5.6 includegeneral provisions for information that may be omitted if notrequired by a calibration procedure or client/user.6.5.1 Mathematical description of any fitting equation usedin reporting the results of the calibration. The equation mayconsist of a deviation functi
39、on modeling the difference in emffrom a reference function of a stated thermocouple type, or theequation may consist of a function giving emf versus measur-ing junction temperature.6.5.2 Immersion depth used during the test.6.5.3 Gradient zone of the thermocouple during the test.6.5.4 Statement whet
40、her any allowance is included in theuncertainty for thermocouple drift and inhomogeneity.6.5.5 Statement of calibration set up, if applicable.6.5.6 Reference junction temperature.7. Recordkeeping Requirements7.1 A record system of all calibrations shall be kept. Thissystem shall contain sufficient i
41、nformation to permit regenera-tion of the Certificate, however named, and shall include theidentity of personnel involved in preparation and calibration.7.2 Calibration records shall be retained for the period oftime defined by the laboratorys quality system.E26230813APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Informat
42、ion)X1. SAMPLE REPORT FOR LIQUID-IN-GLASS THERMOMETERSABS Calibration Laboratory1234 Main StreetCity, State 12345-6789Telephone: (555) 555-5555 Fax: (555) 555-5556REPORT OF CALIBRATIONFORThermometerTest Number: S-01-098Type: Range: Serial #: 12345Maker: Lab Test #: Calibration Date:Submitted by:CUST
43、OMER NAMECustomer AddressCity, State 23456-7890CalibrationTemperature(C)Reading of TestThermometer(C)Correction(C)Emergent StemTemperature(C)ExpandedUncertainty(C)0.00 0.00 0.00 19C 0.0450.00 49.99 +0.01 20C 0.04100.00 100.02 0.02 21C 0.04200.00 200.00 0.00 28C 0.04The data in the above table of thi
44、s report applies only to the item specifically listed on this report.The temperatures written in this Report are those defined by the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS- 90).Minimum amount of time at test temperature before reading is three minutes.Uncertainty statement: The combined stand
45、ard uncertainty includes the standard uncertainty reported for the standard, the standard uncertainty for the measure-ment process, and the standard uncertainty for any uncorrected bath gradients. The combined standard uncertainty is multiplied by a coverage factor of2togiveanexpanded uncertainty, w
46、hich defines and interval having a level of confidence of approximately 95 percent. The expanded uncertainty presented in this report is con-sistent with the 1993 ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement. The expanded uncertainty is not to be confused with a tolerance limit for the
47、userduring application.Traceability statement: The standards of ABS Calibration Laboratory are traceable to the National Metrology Institute, and are part of a comprehensive measure-ment assurance program for ensuring continued accuracy and measurement traceability within the level of uncertainty re
48、ported by this laboratory. The laboratory testnumber identified above is the unique report number to be used in referencing measurement traceability for the thermometer identified in this report only.E26230814Supplemental Information:Description of thermometer submitted for calibration: Thermometer
49、has an immersion of 76 mm. Thermometer received with residue along stem.Results of Physical Examination and treatment of thermometer before calibration: The thermometer was examined under a polariscope and strains in theglass, if any, were judged to be minimal and of no detriment to the functioning of the thermometer. The capillary of the thermometer was examined under magnifica-tion and no foreign matter, moisture or other evidence of contamination was discovered. No discernible capillary irregularities were noted. This thermometer is ingoo
