1、Designation: E2767 13 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Practice forDigital Imaging and Communication in NondestructiveEvaluation (DICONDE) for X-ray Computed Tomography (CT)Test Methods1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2767; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
2、 year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice facilitates the interoperability of
3、X-raycomputed tomography (CT) imaging equipment by specifyingimage data transfer and archival storage methods in commonlyaccepted terms. This document is intended to be used inconjunction with Practice E2339 on Digital Imaging andCommunication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE).Practice E2339 de
4、fines an industrial adaptation of the NEMAStandards Publication titled Digital Imaging and Communica-tions in Medicine (DICOM, see http:/medical.nema.org), aninternational standard for image data acquisition, review,storage and archival storage. The goal of Practice E2339,commonly referred to as DIC
5、ONDE, is to provide a standardthat facilitates the display and analysis of NDE test results onany system conforming to the DICONDE standard. Towardthat end, Practice E2339 provides a data dictionary and a set ofinformation modules that are applicable to all NDE modalities.This practice supplements P
6、ractice E2339 by providing infor-mation object definitions, information modules and a datadictionary that are specific to X-ray CT test methods.1.2 This practice has been developed to overcome the issuesthat arise when analyzing or archiving data from tomographictest equipment using proprietary data
7、 transfer and storagemethods. As digital technologies evolve, data must remaindecipherable through the use of open, industry-wide methodsfor data transfer and archival storage. This practice defines amethod where all the X-ray CT technique parameters and testresults are communicated and stored in a
8、standard mannerregardless of changes in digital technology.1.3 This practice does not specify:1.3.1 A testing or validation procedure to assess an imple-mentations conformance to the standard.1.3.2 The implementation details of any features of thestandard on a device claiming conformance.1.3.3 The o
9、verall set of features and functions to be ex-pected from a system implemented by integrating a group ofdevices each claiming DICONDE conformance.1.4 Although this practice contains no values that requireunits, it does describe methods to store and communicate datathat do require units to be properl
10、y interpreted. The valuesstated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other unitsof measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to est
11、ablish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principle
12、s for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsE1441 Guide for Computed Tomography (CT) ImagingE
13、2339 Practice for Digital Imaging and Communication inNondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE)2.2 Other Standard:3DICOM National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationStandard for Digital Imaging and Communication inMedicine (DICOM), 2011.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:1This practice is under the jurisdicti
14、on of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.11 on DigitalImaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE).Current edition approved June 1, 2018. Published July 2018. Originally approvedin 2010. Last previous edition approve
15、d in 2013 as E2767 - 13. DOI:10.1520/E2767-13R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available f
16、rom National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), 1300N. 17th St., Suite 1752, Rosslyn, VA 22209, http:/www.nema.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United Sta
17、tesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Tr
18、ade (TBT) Committee.13.1.1 Nondestructive evaluation terms used in this practicecan be found in Standard Terminology for NondestructiveExaminations, E1316.3.1.2 Computed Tomography terms used in this practice canbe found in Standard Guide for Computed Tomography (CT)Imaging, E1441.3.1.3 DICONDE term
19、s used in this practice are defined inPractice E2339.4. Summary of Practice4.1 A fundamental principle of DICONDE is the use ofstandard definitions and attribute formats for data communica-tion and storage. This means all systems that are DICONDEcompliant use a common data dictionary and common com-
20、munication protocols. To further standardization, the elementsin the data dictionary are organized into common groupsreferred to as information modules. The data dictionary andinformation modules common to all NDE modalities aredefined in Practice E2339.4.2 The data dictionary and information module
21、s specifiedin Practice E2339 do not cover the information storagerequirements for each individual modality (CT, DR, CR, UT,etc.). Additions to the data dictionary and information modulesare required to support the individual modalities. This practicecontains the additions to the DICONDE data diction
22、ary andinformation modules necessary for X-ray CT inspection.4.3 The highest organizational level in the DICONDEinformation model is the information object definition (IOD).An information object definition is a collection of the infor-mation modules necessary to represent a set of test results froma
23、 specific modality. This practice contains information objectdefinitions for X-ray CT inspection.5. Significance and Use5.1 Personnel that are responsible for the creation, transfer,and storage of X-ray tomographic NDE data will use thisstandard. This practice defines a set of information modulestha
24、t along with Practice E2339 and the DICOM standardprovide a standard means to organize X-ray tomography testparameters and results. The X-ray CT test results may bedisplayed and analyzed on any device that conforms to thisstandard. Personnel wishing to view any tomographic inspec-tion data stored ac
25、cording to Practice E2339 may use thisdocument to help them decode and display the data containedin the DICONDE-compliant inspection record.6. Information Object Definitions6.1 X-ray CT Image IOD Description:6.1.1 The X-ray CT Image Information Object Definitionspecifies an image that has been creat
26、ed by an X-ray CTimaging device for NDE purposes. To avoid duplication ofrelevant material from the DICOM standard, the IOD defini-tion will follow that for CT Images found in Part 3, SectionA.3of the DICOM standard except as noted below in Table 1.Table 1 is not stand-alone and must be used in conj
27、unction withPart 3, Section A.3 of the DICOM standard to have a completedefinition of the DICONDE CT information object. In additionto the DICONDE information modules specified in PracticeE2339 and this standard, the DICONDE CT IOD utilizesadditional DICOM standard information modules as noted inTab
28、le 1.6.1.2 This IOD will use the Service-Object Pair (SOP)Classes for the CT IOD as defined in Part 4, Section B.5 of theDICOM standard.6.2 X-ray CT Multi-Frame Image IOD Description:6.2.1 The X-ray CT Multi-Frame (CT-MF) Image Informa-tion Object Definition specifies a multi-frame image that hasbee
29、n created by an X-ray CT imaging device for NDEpurposes. To avoid duplication of relevant material from theDICOM standard, the IOD definition will follow that forEnhanced CT Images found in Part 3, Section A.38 of theDICOM standard except as noted below in Table 2. Table 2 isnot stand-alone and must
30、 be used in conjunction with Part 3,TABLE 1 X-ray CT-Image Information Object DefinitionDICOM Module DICONDE Module Reference UsageAPatient Component Practice E2339, Section 7 MClinical Trial Subject Not ApplicableGeneral Study Component Study Practice E2339, Section 7 MPatient Study Not ApplicableC
31、linical Trial Study Not ApplicableGeneral Series Component Series Practice E2339, Section 7 MClinical Trial Series Not ApplicableGeneral Equipment NDE Equipment Practice E2339, Section 7 MContrast/bolus Not ApplicableCT Image NDE CT Image 7.1 MNDE CT Detector 7.2 UX-Ray Collimator X-Ray Collimator D
32、ICOM Part 3,Section C.8.19.6.12UX-Ray Filtration X-Ray Filtration DICOM Part 3,Section C.8.7.10UX-Ray Grid X-Ray Grid DICOM Part 3,Section C.8.7.11UNDE Indication Practice E2339, Section 7 UNDE Geometry Practice E2339, Section 7 UNDE CT CalibrationData7.3 UADefinition of usage codes can be found in
33、Part 3, Section A.1.3 of the DICOM standard.E2767 13 (2018)2Section A.38 of the DICOM standard to have a completedefinition of the DICONDE CT-MF information object.6.2.2 This IOD will use the Service-Object Pair (SOP)Classes for the Enhanced CT IOD as defined in Part 4, SectionB.5of the DICOM standa
34、rd.7. Information Modules7.1 NDE CT Image Module:7.1.1 Table 3 specifies the Attributes that describe the NDEX-ray CT image module.7.2 NDE X-ray CT Detector Module:7.2.1 Table 4 specifies the Attributes that describe NDEX-ray CT Detectors.7.2.1.1 For X-ray CT Detector module, Detector Type(0018,7004
35、) is specified to use the following defined terms:DIRECTSCINTILLATOR7.2.1.2 For X-ray CT Detector module, Detector Configu-ration (0018,7005) is specified to use the following definedterms:AREALINEAR7.3 NDE X-ray CT Calibration Data Module:7.3.1 Table 5 specifies the Attributes that describe NDEX-ra
36、y CT calibration data.7.4 NDE Enhanced CT Image Module.:7.4.1 Table 6 specifies the attributes that describe the NDEEnhanced CT Image Module.7.4.2 Table 7 specifies the attributes that describe the NDECT X-ray Details Functional Group macro.8. Keywords8.1 DICOM; DICONDE; X-ray; computed tomography;C
37、T; digital data transmission; digital data storage; database; fileformatTABLE 2 X-ray CT-MF Image Information Object DefinitionDICOM Module DICONDE Module Reference UsageAPatient Component Practice E2339, Section 7 MSpecimen Identification Not ApplicableClinical Trial Subject Not ApplicableGeneral S
38、tudy Component Study Practice E2339, Section 7 MPatient Study Not ApplicableClinical Trial Study Not ApplicableGeneral Series Component Series Practice E2339, Section 7 MClinical Trial Series Not ApplicableSynchronization Not ApplicableGeneral Equipment NDE Equipment Practice E2339, Section 7 MEnhan
39、ced Contrast/Bolus Not ApplicableCardiac Synchronization Not ApplicableRespiratory Synchronization Not ApplicableEnhanced CT Image NDE Enhanced CT Image 7.4 MNDE Indication Practice E2339, Section 7 UNDE Geometry Practice E2339, Section 7 UNDE CT Calibration Data 7.3 UAcquisition Context Needed for
40、DICOM compatibilityADefinition of usage codes can be found in Part 3, Section A.1.3 of the DICOM standard.E2767 13 (2018)3TABLE 3 NDE CT Image Module AttributesAttribute Name Tag VR VM TypeADescriptionImage Type (0008,0008) CS 1-n 1 Image identification characteristics.Samples Per Pixel (0028,0002)
41、US 1 1 Number of samples per pixel (planes) in this image.Photometric Interpretation (0028,0004) CS 1 1 Specifies the intended interpretation of the pixel data.Bits Allocated (0028,0100) US 1 1 Number of bits allocated for each pixel data.Bits Stored (0028,0101) US 1 1 Number of bits stored for each
42、 pixel data.High Bit (0028,0102) US 1 1 Most significant bit for pixel data.Rescale Intercept (0028,1052) DS 1 1 The value b in relationship between stored values (SV) and theoutput units. Output units = m*SV+bRescale Slope (0028,1053) DS 1 1 m in the equation specified in Rescale Intercept (0028,10
43、52).Rescale Type (0028,1054) LO 1 1 Specifies the output units of Rescale Slope (0028,1053) andRescale Intercept (0028,1052).KVP (0018,0060) DS 1 2 Peak kilo voltage output of the X-ray generator used.Acquisition Number (0020,0012) IS 1 2 A number identifying the single continuous gathering of data
44、over aperiod of time which resulted in this image.Scan Options (0018,0022) CS 1-n 3 Parameters of the scanning sequence.Data Collection Diameter (0018,0090) DS 1 3 The diameter in mm of the region over which data were collected.Reconstruction Diameter (0018,1100) DS 1 3 Diameter in mm of the region
45、from within which data were used increating the reconstruction of the image. Data may exist outside ofthis portion of the region and portions of the component may existoutside this region.Distance Source toDetector(0018,1110) DS 1 3 Distance in mm from source to detector center.Distance Source toCom
46、ponent(0018,1111) DS 1 3 Distance in mm from source to isocenter (center of field of view).Gantry/Detector Tilt (0018,1120) DS 1 3 Nominal angle of tilt in degrees of the scanning gantry. Notintended for mathematical calculations.Table Height (0018,1130) DS 1 3 The distance in mm of the top of the p
47、art positioner table to thecenter of rotation; below the center is positive.Rotation Direction (0018,1140) DS 1 3 Direction of rotation of the source when relevant, about nearestprincipal axis of equipment. Enumerated Values: CW = clockwiseCC = counterclockwiseExposure Time (0018,1150) DS 1 3 Time o
48、f X-ray exposure in msec.X-ray Tube Current (0018,1151) DS 1 3 X-ray Tube Current in mA.Exposure (0018,1152) DS 1 3 The exposure expressed in mA, for example, calculated fromExposure Time and X-ray Tube Current.Exposure in As (0018,1153) DS 1 3 The exposure expressed in m, for example, calculated fr
49、omExposure Time and X-ray Tube Current.Filter Type (0018,1160) DS 1 3 Label for the type of filter inserted into the X-ray beam.Generator Power (0018,1170) DS 1 3 Power in kW to the X-ray generator.LINAC Energy (0014,5002) IS 1 3 The energy of the LINAC in KeVe expressed in rads per minute.LINAC Output (0014,5004) IS 1 3 The output of the LINAC in GysFocal Spot (0018,1190) DS 1 3 Size of the focal spot in mm. For devices with variable focal spot ormultiple focal spots, small dimension followed by large dimension.Convolution Kernel (0018,1210) DS 1 3 A label describing the convo
