1、Designation: E2924 14Standard Practice forIntumescent Coatings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2924; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates
2、the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice provides architects, specifiers and buildingowners various consensus recommendations to specify indus-trys best practices for intumescent coatings.1.2 Th
3、is practice covers the best practice for the following:1.2.1 The manufacturing, testing, labeling, transportation,delivery, and storage, including shelf life, of intumescentcoatings.1.2.2 The application of the intumescent coatings to struc-tural steel for the purposes of providing fire resistance.1
4、.2.3 The inspection, including safety and equipment, ofintumescent coatings during and after the application.1.3 Standard PracticeThis practice offers a set of instruc-tions for performing one or more specific operations. Thisdocument cannot replace education or experience and shouldbe used in conju
5、nction with professional judgment. Not allaspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances.This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace thestandard of care by which the adequacy of a given professionalservice must be judged, nor should this document be appliedwithout con
6、sideration of a projects many unique aspects. Theword “Standard” in the title means only that the document hasbeen approved through the ASTM consensus process.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in
7、tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.6 This s
8、tandard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1This practice refer
9、ences fire-test-response standards and mayinvolve hazardous tasks. Therefore, the following caveats are alsoreferenced. This practice references tests used to measure and describe theresponse of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame undercontrolled conditions, but does not by itself i
10、ncorporate all factorsrequired for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products,or assemblies under actual fire conditions. This practice references testsused to predict or provide a quantitative measure of the fire hazard froma specified set of fire conditions involving specific m
11、aterials, products, orassemblies. This assessment does not necessarily predict the hazard ofactual fires which involve conditions other than those assumed in theanalysis. This practice references tests used to determine certain fire-testresponses of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and fla
12、me undercontrolled conditions by using results obtained from fire-test-responsestandards. The results obtained from using this practice do not, bythemselves, constitute measures of fire hazard or fire risk. Fire testing isinherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and propertyshall be e
13、mployed in conducting these tests.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessD2794 Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings tothe Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)D4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of OrganicCoatings by the Tab
14、er AbraserD4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings UsingPortable Adhesion TestersE119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Constructionand MaterialsE176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE631 Terminology of Building Constructions2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 834-1 Fire-resistance TestsElements of
15、BuildingConstructionPart 1: General RequirementsISO/IEC 17011 Conformity AssessmentGeneral Require-ments for Accreditation Bodies Accrediting ConformityAssessment BodiesISO/IEC 17020 General Criteria for the Operation of Vari-ous Types of Bodies Performing Inspection1This practice is under the juris
16、diction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor-mance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.21 onServiceability.Current edition approved June 1, 2014. Published July 2014. DOI: 10.1520/E2924142For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Cus
17、tomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. dela Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.o
18、rg.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1ISO/IEC 17025 General Requirements for the Competenceof Testing and Calibration of LaboratoriesISO/IEC 17065 Conformity AssessmentRequirements forBodies Certifying Products, Processes
19、 and ServicesISO/IEC Guide 65 General Requirements for Bodies Oper-ating Product Certification Systems2.3 Other Standards:AWCI Technical Manual 12-B, Third Edition Standard Prac-tice for the Testing and Inspecting of Field AppliedThin-Film Intumescent Fire-Resistive Materials; anAnno-tated Guide4CAN
20、/ULC-S101 Fire Endurance Tests of Building Con-struction and Materials5UL 263 Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials6SSPC-PA2 Procedure for Determining Conformance to DryCoating Thickness Requirements73. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice andas
21、sociated with fire issues, refer to the definitions contained inTerminology E176.3.1.2 For definitions of terms used in this practice andassociated with building issues, refer to the definitions con-tained in Terminology E631.3.1.3 If there is a conflict between Terminology E176 andTerminology E631
22、definitions, Terminology E631 definitionsshall apply.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 application, nan act of applying intumescent coat-ings.3.2.2 char, na reacted (expanded) intumescent material,having low thermal conductivity, thus retarding heat transfer,that is quantified
23、 where no appreciable density changes occurduring additional temperature rise.3.2.3 intumescent coating, na material that produces aninsulating char when activated by heat or flame.4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practice describes the best procedures for intumes-cent coatings related to the followin
24、g:4.1.1 The application, including safety and equipment,refers to Sections 8, 12, 13 and 14,4.1.2 manufacturing, refer to 6.1,4.1.3 testing, refer to 9.2.2,4.1.4 labeling, refer to 6.2,4.1.5 transportation, refer to 6.1,4.1.6 delivery and storage (including shelf life), refer to 6.1and Section 7, an
25、d4.1.7 inspection (including safety and equipment), refer toSection 10 and Section 16.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice is intended for use by material specifiers,general contractors, applicators, or any individual or grouprequiring information regarding the application of intumescentcoatings
26、 to provide a fire resistance rating to structural steel.5.2 This practice is not intended to replace the manufactur-ers application instructions.6. Materials6.1 The intumescent coating shall be manufactured,transported, stored and installed in accordance with the manu-facturers specifications and q
27、uality control procedures.6.2 Containers must be labeled in accordance with listingagency, which is either an internationally recognized:6.2.1 certification body accredited to ISO/IEC Guide 65 orISO/IEC 17065, or6.2.2 test laboratory accredited to ISO/IEC 17025 andhaving an inspector or inspection a
28、gency accredited to ISO/IEC 17020 under Type A requirements.NOTE 2Intumescent coatings are sometimes referred to as fireproofingor intumescent paint. The term Labeled refers to intumescent coatings towhich has been affixed a label, seal, symbol or other identifying mark ofa nationally recognized tes
29、ting laboratory, inspection agency or otherorganization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodicinspection of the production of the above-labeled items and whoselabeling indicates either that the intumescent coating meets identifiedstandards or has been tested and found suitable for
30、 a specified purpose.NOTE 3The term Listed refers to intumescent coatings included in alist or directory published by an organization acceptable to the authorityhaving jurisdiction (AHJ) and concerned with evaluation of products thatmaintains periodic inspection of production of listed intumescent c
31、oatingsand whose listing states either that the intumescent coating meetsidentified standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specifiedpurpose.6.2.3 The accrediting body overseeing the certification bodyin 6.2.1 or the test laboratory in 6.2.2 must be recognized asoperating under the req
32、uirements of ISO/IEC 17011 by theInternationalAccreditation Forum (IAF) for ISO/IEC Guide 65or ISO/IEC 17065, or International Laboratory AccreditationCooperation (ILAC) for ISO/IEC 17020 and ISO/IEC 17025.7. Delivery and Shelf Life7.1 All materials shall be delivered to the job site in clearlylabel
33、ed unopened containers. Labels shall include the name ofthe product as well as the manufacturer name and contactinformation.7.2 Materials with a shelf life shall have it clearly desig-nated and these materials shall be used within that period.Materials that have exceeded their shelf life shall be re
34、movedfrom the job site, or the manufacturer shall provide documen-tation attesting that the product is still usable for its originalintended purpose.8. Material Equipment and Handling8.1 Equipment used for application shall be of a typerecommended by the intumescent coating manufacturer.4Available f
35、rom Association of the Wall and Ceiling Industry (AWCI), 513 WestBroad Street, Suite 210, Falls Church, VA 22046, http:/www.awci.org.5Available from ULC Standards, 171 Nepean Street, Suite 400 Ottawa, ON K2P0B4, http:/ from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 2600 N.W. Lake Rd., Camas,WA 98607-8542, htt
36、p:/.7Available from Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor,Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656, http:/www.sspc.org.E2924 142Equipment shall include, but is not limited to: hand tools,application machines, mixing equipment, hoses, spray gunsand spray tips.8.2 The following utilities are
37、 typically provided: electricity,potable water, and lighting.8.3 Depending on local and jobsite conditions, during ap-plication and curing of the intumescent coating the followingutilities must be provided, if necessary, to ensure their properapplication and curing in compliance with the intumescent
38、coating manufacturers installation instructions:8.3.1 heating,8.3.2 forced ventilation,8.3.3 temporary enclosures,8.3.4 dehumidification,8.3.5 air quality control, and8.3.6 monitoring devices.9. Fire Resistance Ratings and Physical Properties9.1 Required fire resistance ratings are typically specifi
39、ed bybuilding codes and enforced by local governmental authority,which is often called an authority having jurisdiction (AHJ).Required fire resistance ratings are determined by constructiontype, occupancy, and location as well as other factors.NOTE 4Examples of some building codes that reference a f
40、ireresistance rating are International Building Code (IBC) and NationalBuilding Code of Canada (NBCC).NOTE 5One standards development organization (SDO), NFPA,8defines the term authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) as follows: “anorganization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requir
41、e-ments of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, aninstallation, or a procedure.”9.2 The intumescent coating shall be specified and alongwith its required fire resistance rating(s) shall be indicated inthe contract documents. The contract documents shall alsoindicate what elemen
42、ts of that project are to be protected withthe intumescent coating.9.2.1 The specified intumescent coating in 9.2 shall be firetested in accordance with the test method specified in thecontract documents.NOTE 6Test Methods E119 and UL 263 are normally specified incontract documents issued in the Uni
43、ted States, CAN/ULC-S101 isnormally specified in contract documents issued in Canada, and ISO 834or similar fire test methods are normally specified in contract documentsissued in other international jurisdictions.9.2.2 The specified intumescent coating in 9.2 shall betested by an accredited third p
44、arty testing agency accredited toISO 17025.9.2.3 Intumescent coatings shall only be used in environ-mental conditions where their exposure is suitable and accept-able.9.3 The requirements for an intumescent coatings durabilityshall be specified in contract documents. At a minimum, thefollowing test
45、methods shall be used to ascertain the intumes-cent coatings durability.9.3.1 Hardness of the product shall be measured in accor-dance with Test Method D2240, shore D.9.3.2 Impact resistance shall be measured in accordancewith Test Method D2794.9.3.3 Abrasion Resistance shall be measured in accordan
46、cewith Test Method D4060.9.3.4 Adhesion shall be measured in accordance with TestMethod D4541.NOTE 7Examples of exposure conditions are interior conditionedspace, interior general purpose and exterior use.10. Safety10.1 Applicable local ordinances, codes and regulationsshall be followed at all times
47、.NOTE 8For example, there may be a threshold limit value (TLV) forsome materials containing volatile organic compounds. “Volatile organiccompounds (VOCs) are emitted as gases from certain solids or liquids.VOCs include a variety of chemicals, some of which may have short- andlong-term adverse health
48、 effects. Concentrations of many VOCs areconsistently higher indoors (up to ten times higher) than outdoors. VOCsare emitted by a wide array of products numbering in the thousands.Examples include: paints and lacquers, paint strippers, cleaning supplies,pesticides, building materials and furnishings
49、, office equipment such ascopiers and printers, correction fluids and carbonless copy paper, graphicsand craft materials including glues and adhesives, permanent markers, andphotographic solutions.”910.2 Equipment shall have safety guards that meet appli-cable regulations.10.3 All persons in the application area shall wear PersonalProtective Equipment (PPE) as required by the regulatory bodyand as recommended by the manufacturer.NOTE 9Examples of PPE include respirators, gloves and protectiveclothing.10.4 A
