1、Designation: E3062 16Standard Specification forIndoor Ballistic Test Ranges for Small Arms andFragmentation Testing of Ballistic-resistant Items1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3062; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in t
2、he case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard specifies indoor ballistic test range re-quirements for small arms and
3、fragmentation testing of thefollowing ballistic-resistant items: soft body armor, hard armorplates, body armor accessories, shields, and helmets. Thespecification includes requirements for range geometry (forexample, dimensions, alignment, spacing), range conditions(for example, temperature, humidit
4、y, lighting), test equipment(for example, receiver, mounting, test barrels, backing assem-bly mounting), instrumentation (for example, light screens,high speed cameras, radar), and measurement procedures (forexample, projectile velocity, yaw).1.2 The purpose of this standard is to specify critical t
5、estrange parameters in order to achieve consistency/repeatabilityamong test ranges.1.3 This specification is not applicable for “contact” shotstaken on the test item (that is, the muzzle rests on the strikeface of the test item).1.4 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as sta
6、ndard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not to be considered standard.1.5 This standard does not address environmental concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard t
7、o establish appropriate practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety a
8、nd health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E3005 Terminology for Body Armor2.2 SAAMI Standard:3SAAMI Glossary of Industry Terms3. Terminology3.1 For terms not defined in this specification, the followingdefin
9、itions of Terminology E3005 apply: angle of incidence,backing assembly, backing material, backing fixture, bodyarmor, hard armor, plates, soft body armor, stop, strike face,test item, and yaw.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 test item mounting system, nan assembly consistingo
10、f a test standard and the test item fixture, backing assembly,witness panel, or any combination thereof. The system allowsrotation of the test item around one or more axes and allowstranslation of the test item.3.2.2 test stand, na rigid or massive component of the testitem mounting system that supp
11、orts other components.3.2.3 universal receiver, na heavy duty mechanical deviceinto which chambered barrels are secured for testing ammuni-tion (SAAMI).4. Significance and Use4.1 U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department ofJustice standards for assessing the performance of ballistic-resistant p
12、ersonal protective equipment require the use ofproperly configured indoor test ranges. This specification isone of several standards that will help to ensure that testingresults between test ranges are comparable.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E54 onHomeland Security
13、 Applications and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE54.04 on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).Current edition approved July 15, 2016. Published July 2016. DOI: 10.1520/E306216.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at servi
14、ceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers Institute(SAAMI), 11 Mile Hill Rd, Newtown, CT 06470, www.saami.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbo
15、r Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.2 This specification may be used by private-sector andgovernment laboratories, manufacturers, research and develop-ment organizations, and others assessing the ballistic resistanceof personal protective equipment.4.3 It is inten
16、ded that this specification be referenced byother standards, specifications, or test methods, or combina-tions thereof.5. Minimum Room Dimensions5.1 The test range dimensions should be sufficient to ac-commodate the required equipment and spacing between thatequipment and the room walls and ceiling
17、so personnel cansafely perform testing without obstruction.6. Range Environmental Conditions6.1 The relative humidity shall be 50 6 20 %.6.2 The controlled ambient temperature shall be 68 6 10F(20 6 5.5C).6.3 General lighting on the range should provide adequatelight levels to enable personnel to pe
18、rform assigned duties.Local lighting to supplement general lighting, if needed, shouldbe available to provide better visibility for tasks associatedwith measurements and instrument readings.NOTE 1Local lighting may be a flashlight, headlamp, or other lightsource that does not emit enough heat to aff
19、ect the test results.7. Projectile Firing System7.1 The projectile firing system shall be one of the follow-ing:7.1.1 Receiver and test barrel.7.1.2 Firearm.NOTE 2Use of a firearm is not the preferred method.7.2 All components of the projectile firing system shall bemounted.NOTE 3The intent of mount
20、ing the projectile firing system is toachieve accurate and repeatable performance.8. Measurement Systems8.1 Projectile Velocity Measurement System:8.1.1 The system shall maintain position and alignmentduring testing.8.1.2 The system shall be appropriate for the projectile andthe velocities being mea
21、sured.8.1.3 An independent method for verifying the accuracy ofthe system shall be available.8.1.4 The projectile velocity should be determined using atleast two electronically independent sets of instrumentation. Iftwo electronically independent sets of instrumentation are notused, the reason and t
22、he type of instrumentation used shall bedocumented.8.1.4.1 For each projectile firing, the two independent setsof instrumentation shall provide individual velocity measure-ments within 10 ft/s (3 m/s) of each other, with the followingconsiderations.(1) If the screen pairs do not agree within 10 ft/s
23、 (3 m/s)and either screen pair yields a reading that is not within 75 %of the intended test threat velocity, that value should bediscarded, and the other reading shall be recorded as thevelocity measurement. All occurrences of this condition shallbe documented.(2) If the screen pairs do not agree wi
24、thin 10 ft/s (3 m/s)and both screen pairs yield a reading that is within 75 % of theintended test threat velocity, the test result is consideredinvalid, and the test shall be redone. All occurrences of thiscondition shall be documented.(3) If there is reasonable doubt that the screen pairs arereadin
25、g correctly, the test result may be considered invalid, andthe test shall be redone. All occurrences of this condition shallbe documented.NOTE 4Appendix X1 provides examples to aid in understanding theseconsiderations.NOTE 5This standard does not address velocity loss (that is, drag)from the measure
26、ment location to the test item. Other standards,specifications, or test methods can address velocity loss.8.1.5 Undesirable influences on the velocity measurementsystem shall be mitigated.NOTE 6Undesirable influences include, but are not necessarily limitedto, shock waves, sound waves, light, ejecte
27、d propellant, sabots, and otherdebris.8.2 Projectile Yaw Measurement System:8.2.1 The test laboratory shall provide a method for verify-ing yaw.NOTE 7Yaw requirements (for example, maximum allowable yaw)and details necessary for making yaw measurements (for example,location of yaw measurement) are s
28、pecified in other standards,specifications, or test methods, or combinations thereof.9. Spacing and Set Up of Test Equipment9.1 The test equipment shall be set up as shown in Fig. 1with spacing and additional requirements as described in Table1 and the remainder of this section.9.1.1 The test equipm
29、ent shall be set up as though the shotwere to be taken at an angle of incidence of 0; the testequipment shall not be moved, except as it pertains totranslating for aiming and rotating to accommodate obliquityor angle of incidence requirements.9.2 The distance from muzzle to test item reference plane
30、(D1 in Fig. 1) may be adjusted to minimize yaw or blast effects.The reason for the adjustment and the distance used shall bedocumented. The distance from the location of velocity mea-surement to the test item reference plane (D2 in Fig. 1) shallnot be adjusted.NOTE 8The test item reference plane wil
31、l be specified in otherstandards, specifications, or test methods because the test items referenceplane differs depending on the test item.9.3 If radar, high-speed video, or X-ray is used for velocitymeasurement, the velocity reported shall be either the velocitymeasured at the location given in Tab
32、le 1 or the velocitymeasured at the test item as specified in other standards,specifications, or test methods.9.4 If light screens are used for velocity measurement, therequirements below shall be met.E3062 1629.4.1 The light screens shall be positioned as shown in Fig.2.9.4.2 The inner screens shal
33、l be paired together, and theouter screens shall be paired together.9.4.3 The light screen pairs shall be parallel to each otherand perpendicular to the projectile firing system barrel.9.4.4 The distance from the last light screen to the test itemreference plane shall be no greater than 5 ft (1.5 m)
34、.9.4.5 The light screens shall be fastened together to preventinadvertent changes in spacing.NOTE 9The spacing between the light screens may be adjusted tomeet velocity measurement requirements.10. Test Item Mounting System10.1 The test stand shall maintain position during the testevent.NOTE 10Examp
35、les include, but are not limited to, test stands that areaffixed to the building structure or those that have sufficient mass.NOTE 11This specification does not describe any specific fixture,backing assembly, or witness panel for the test item.10.2 The test item mounting system shall permit the test
36、item and any backing material or witness panel to be shiftedvertically and laterally to allow ballistic impacts at variouslocations on the test item.10.3 The test item mounting system shall permit the testitem and any backing material or witness panel to be rotated toallow for shots impacting the te
37、st item at angles other than 0.10.4 A backstop or bullet trap should be positioned at adistance behind the test item location.11. Keywords11.1 ballistic test range; ballistic test range configuration;projectile velocity; small armsFIG. 1 Test Range Setup and Relative PositioningTABLE 1 Test Range Di
38、stances Depending on Test ThreatTest Threat Distances1. Rifle and Fragment SimulatorsAgreater than 64 grain.D1: muzzle to test item reference plane = nominally 25 ft (7.6 m)D2: location of velocity measurement to test item reference plane = 12.5 ft 1.0 in. (3.7m2.5cm)2. Handgun and Fragment Simulato
39、rs 16 grain to 64 grain.D1: muzzle to test item reference plane = nominally 15 ft (4.6 m)D2: location of velocity measurement to test item reference plane = 7.5 ft 1.0 in. (2.3m2.5cm)3. Fragment Simulators less than 16 grain.D1: muzzle to test item reference plane = nominally 10 ft (3 m)D2: location
40、 of velocity measurement to test item reference plane=3ft1.0in.(0.9m2.5cm)AFragment simulators include (1) right circular cylinders (RCCs) and (2) fragment simulating projectiles (FSPs).E3062 163APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. HELPFUL INFORMATION RELATED TO THE CONSIDERATIONS IN 8.1.4.1X1.1 Th
41、e exception allowed in 8.1.4.1 comes into playwhen one of the two light screen pairs does not yield a correctresult (for example, false trigger, failure to trigger, or pre-trigger). This occurrence is more likely to happen for some testthreats: (1) Rifle, handgun: This is a rare occurrence. (2)Fragm
42、ents, shotgun: This can occur more often.X1.2 75 % of the intended velocity was set as the decisionpoint, and the following examples are provided to aid under-standing. The examples use an intended velocity of 1000 ft/s: Example 1: Screen pair 1 = 1000 ft/s, and Screen pair 2 = 249 ft/s: This shotis
43、 considered to be valid; the screen pair 1 result is accepted and documented;the screen pair 2 result is discarded. Example 2: Screen pair 1 = 1000 ft/s, and Screen pair 2 = 250 ft/s: This shotis considered to be invalid; both screen pair results are rejected anddocumented. Example 3: Screen pair 1
44、= 1000 ft/s, and Screen pair 2 = 251 ft/s: This shotis considered to be invalid; both screen pair results are rejected anddocumented.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standar
45、d are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif
46、not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, whic
47、h you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,Un
48、ited States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 2 Test Range Setup with Light ScreensE3062 164
