1、Designation: E3062 16E3062 161Standard Specification forIndoor Ballistic Test Ranges for Small Arms andFragmentation Testing of Ballistic-resistant Items1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3062; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption
2、 or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEEditorially corrected 3.2.1 in December 2016.1. Scope1.1 This standard specifies i
3、ndoor ballistic test range requirements for small arms and fragmentation testing of the followingballistic-resistant items: soft body armor, hard armor plates, body armor accessories, shields, and helmets. The specificationincludes requirements for range geometry (for example, dimensions, alignment,
4、 spacing), range conditions (for example,temperature, humidity, lighting), test equipment (for example, receiver, mounting, test barrels, backing assembly mounting),instrumentation (for example, light screens, high speed cameras, radar), and measurement procedures (for example, projectilevelocity, y
5、aw).1.2 The purpose of this standard is to specify critical test range parameters in order to achieve consistency/repeatability amongtest ranges.1.3 This specification is not applicable for “contact” shots taken on the test item (that is, the muzzle rests on the strike face ofthe test item).1.4 Unit
6、sThe values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not to be considered standard.1.5 This standard does not address environmental concerns, if any, associated wi
7、th its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibil
8、ityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E3005 Terminology for Body Armor2.2 SAAMI Standard:3SAAMI Glossary of Industry Terms3. Terminology3.1
9、For terms not defined in this specification, the following definitions of Terminology E3005 apply: angle of incidence,backing assembly, backing material, backing fixture, body armor, hard armor, plates, soft body armor, stop, strike face, test item,and yaw.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This S
10、tandard:3.2.1 test item mounting system, nan assembly consisting of a test standardstand and the test item fixture, backing assembly,witness panel, or any combination thereof. The system allows rotation of the test item around one or more axes and allowstranslation of the test item.1 This specificat
11、ion is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E54 on Homeland Security Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E54.04 onPersonal Protective Equipment (PPE).Current edition approved July 15, 2016. Published July 2016. DOI: 10.1520/E306216.10.1520/E306216E01.2 For referencedAST
12、M standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers Institute (SAAMI), 1
13、1 Mile Hill Rd, Newtown, CT 06470, www.saami.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurat
14、ely, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
15、13.2.2 test stand, na rigid or massive component of the test item mounting system that supports other components.3.2.3 universal receiver, na heavy duty mechanical device into which chambered barrels are secured for testing ammunition(SAAMI).4. Significance and Use4.1 U.S. Department of Defense and
16、U.S. Department of Justice standards for assessing the performance of ballistic-resistantpersonal protective equipment require the use of properly configured indoor test ranges. This specification is one of severalstandards that will help to ensure that testing results between test ranges are compar
17、able.4.2 This specification may be used by private-sector and government laboratories, manufacturers, research and developmentorganizations, and others assessing the ballistic resistance of personal protective equipment.4.3 It is intended that this specification be referenced by other standards, spe
18、cifications, or test methods, or combinationsthereof.5. Minimum Room Dimensions5.1 The test range dimensions should be sufficient to accommodate the required equipment and spacing between that equipmentand the room walls and ceiling so personnel can safely perform testing without obstruction.6. Rang
19、e Environmental Conditions6.1 The relative humidity shall be 50 6 20 %.6.2 The controlled ambient temperature shall be 68 6 10F (20 6 5.5C).6.3 General lighting on the range should provide adequate light levels to enable personnel to perform assigned duties. Locallighting to supplement general light
20、ing, if needed, should be available to provide better visibility for tasks associated withmeasurements and instrument readings.NOTE 1Local lighting may be a flashlight, headlamp, or other light source that does not emit enough heat to affect the test results.7. Projectile Firing System7.1 The projec
21、tile firing system shall be one of the following:7.1.1 Receiver and test barrel.7.1.2 Firearm.NOTE 2Use of a firearm is not the preferred method.7.2 All components of the projectile firing system shall be mounted.NOTE 3The intent of mounting the projectile firing system is to achieve accurate and re
22、peatable performance.8. Measurement Systems8.1 Projectile Velocity Measurement System:8.1.1 The system shall maintain position and alignment during testing.8.1.2 The system shall be appropriate for the projectile and the velocities being measured.8.1.3 An independent method for verifying the accurac
23、y of the system shall be available.8.1.4 The projectile velocity should be determined using at least two electronically independent sets of instrumentation. If twoelectronically independent sets of instrumentation are not used, the reason and the type of instrumentation used shall bedocumented.8.1.4
24、.1 For each projectile firing, the two independent sets of instrumentation shall provide individual velocity measurementswithin 10 ft/s (3 m/s) of each other, with the following considerations.(1) If the screen pairs do not agree within 10 ft/s (3 m/s) and either screen pair yields a reading that is
25、 not within 75 % of theintended test threat velocity, that value should be discarded, and the other reading shall be recorded as the velocity measurement.All occurrences of this condition shall be documented.(2) If the screen pairs do not agree within 10 ft/s (3 m/s) and both screen pairs yield a re
26、ading that is within 75 % of the intendedtest threat velocity, the test result is considered invalid, and the test shall be redone. All occurrences of this condition shall bedocumented.(3) If there is reasonable doubt that the screen pairs are reading correctly, the test result may be considered inv
27、alid, and thetest shall be redone. All occurrences of this condition shall be documented.NOTE 4Appendix X1 provides examples to aid in understanding these considerations.NOTE 5This standard does not address velocity loss (that is, drag) from the measurement location to the test item. Other standards
28、, specifications,or test methods can address velocity loss.8.1.5 Undesirable influences on the velocity measurement system shall be mitigated.E3062 1612NOTE 6Undesirable influences include, but are not necessarily limited to, shock waves, sound waves, light, ejected propellant, sabots, and otherdebr
29、is.8.2 Projectile Yaw Measurement System:8.2.1 The test laboratory shall provide a method for verifying yaw.NOTE 7Yaw requirements (for example, maximum allowable yaw) and details necessary for making yaw measurements (for example, location ofyaw measurement) are specified in other standards, specif
30、ications, or test methods, or combinations thereof.9. Spacing and Set Up of Test Equipment9.1 The test equipment shall be set up as shown in Fig. 1 with spacing and additional requirements as described in Table 1 andthe remainder of this section.9.1.1 The test equipment shall be set up as though the
31、 shot were to be taken at an angle of incidence of 0; the test equipmentshall not be moved, except as it pertains to translating for aiming and rotating to accommodate obliquity or angle of incidencerequirements.9.2 The distance from muzzle to test item reference plane (D1 in Fig. 1) may be adjusted
32、 to minimize yaw or blast effects. Thereason for the adjustment and the distance used shall be documented. The distance from the location of velocity measurement tothe test item reference plane (D2 in Fig. 1) shall not be adjusted.NOTE 8The test item reference plane will be specified in other standa
33、rds, specifications, or test methods because the test items reference plane differsdepending on the test item.9.3 If radar, high-speed video, or X-ray is used for velocity measurement, the velocity reported shall be either the velocitymeasured at the location given in Table 1 or the velocity measure
34、d at the test item as specified in other standards, specifications,or test methods.9.4 If light screens are used for velocity measurement, the requirements below shall be met.9.4.1 The light screens shall be positioned as shown in Fig. 2.9.4.2 The inner screens shall be paired together, and the oute
35、r screens shall be paired together.9.4.3 The light screen pairs shall be parallel to each other and perpendicular to the projectile firing system barrel.9.4.4 The distance from the last light screen to the test item reference plane shall be no greater than 5 ft (1.5 m).9.4.5 The light screens shall
36、be fastened together to prevent inadvertent changes in spacing.NOTE 9The spacing between the light screens may be adjusted to meet velocity measurement requirements.10. Test Item Mounting System10.1 The test stand shall maintain position during the test event.NOTE 10Examples include, but are not lim
37、ited to, test stands that are affixed to the building structure or those that have sufficient mass.NOTE 11This specification does not describe any specific fixture, backing assembly, or witness panel for the test item.FIG. 1 Test Range Setup and Relative PositioningE3062 161310.2 The test item mount
38、ing system shall permit the test item and any backing material or witness panel to be shifted verticallyand laterally to allow ballistic impacts at various locations on the test item.10.3 The test item mounting system shall permit the test item and any backing material or witness panel to be rotated
39、 to allowfor shots impacting the test item at angles other than 0.10.4 A backstop or bullet trap should be positioned at a distance behind the test item location.11. Keywords11.1 ballistic test range; ballistic test range configuration; projectile velocity; small armsTABLE 1 Test Range Distances Dep
40、ending on Test ThreatTest Threat Distances1. Rifle and Fragment SimulatorsA greater than 64 grain. D1: muzzle to test item reference plane = nominally 25 ft (7.6 m)D2: location of velocity measurement to test item reference plane = 12.5 ft 1.0 in. (3.7 m 2.5 cm)2. Handgun and Fragment Simulators 16
41、grain to 64 grain. D1: muzzle to test item reference plane = nominally 15 ft (4.6 m)D2: location of velocity measurement to test item reference plane = 7.5 ft 1.0 in. (2.3 m 2.5 cm)3. Fragment Simulators less than 16 grain. D1: muzzle to test item reference plane = nominally 10 ft (3 m)D2: location
42、of velocity measurement to test item reference plane = 3 ft 1.0 in. (0.9 m 2.5 cm)AFragment simulators include (1) right circular cylinders (RCCs) and (2) fragment simulating projectiles (FSPs).FIG. 2 Test Range Setup with Light ScreensE3062 1614APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. HELPFUL INFORMAT
43、ION RELATED TO THE CONSIDERATIONS IN 8.1.4.1X1.1 The exception allowed in 8.1.4.1 comes into play when one of the two light screen pairs does not yield a correct result (forexample, false trigger, failure to trigger, or pre-trigger). This occurrence is more likely to happen for some test threats: (1
44、) Rifle,handgun: This is a rare occurrence. (2) Fragments, shotgun: This can occur more often.X1.2 75 % of the intended velocity was set as the decision point, and the following examples are provided to aid understanding.The examples use an intended velocity of 1000 ft/s: Example 1: Screen pair 1 =
45、1000 ft/s, and Screen pair 2 = 249 ft/s: This shot is considered to be valid; the screen pair 1 result is accepted and documented; thescreen pair 2 result is discarded. Example 2: Screen pair 1 = 1000 ft/s, and Screen pair 2 = 250 ft/s: This shot is considered to be invalid; both screen pair results
46、 are rejected and documented. Example 3: Screen pair 1 = 1000 ft/s, and Screen pair 2 = 251 ft/s: This shot is considered to be invalid; both screen pair results are rejected and documented.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with
47、any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technic
48、al committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration
49、at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax)
