1、Designation: E3119 171Standard Test Method forAccelerated Aging of Environmentally Controlled DynamicGlazing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3119; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTESection 6.1 was corrected editorially in April 2018.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the accelerated aging andmonitoring of t
3、he time-dependent performance of environmen-tally controlled dynamic glazings such as thermochromic (TC)thermotropic, photochromic glazings. and combinationsthereof.1.2 The test method is applicable only for environmentallycontrolled dynamic glazings. These glazings may be eithermonolithic glass, mo
4、nolithic laminated glass, or sealed insu-lating glass units fabricated for use in buildings, such asexterior doors, windows, skylights, and wall systems.1.3 During use, the environmentally controlled dynamicglazings tested according to this method are exposed toenvironmental conditions, including so
5、lar radiation and areemployed to control the amount of transmitted radiation byabsorption and reflection and thus, limit the amount of solarradiation that is transmitted into a building.1.4 The test method is not applicable to electronicallycontrolled chromogenic devices, such as electrochromic de-v
6、ices.1.5 The test method is not applicable to environmentallycontrolled dynamic glazings that are constructed from super-strate or substrate materials other than glass.1.6 The test method referenced herein is a laboratory testconducted under specified conditions.1.7 The values stated in SI units are
7、 to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environm
8、ental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,
9、 Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E230/E230M Specification for Temperature-ElectromotiveForce (emf) Tables for Standardized ThermocouplesE631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE
10、2141 Test Method for Accelerated Aging of Electrochro-mic Devices in Sealed Insulating Glass UnitsE3120 Specification for Evaluating Accelerated Aging Per-formance of Environmentally Controlled Dynamic Glaz-ingsG113 Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weath-ering Tests of Nonmetallic Mate
11、rialsG151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accel-erated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light SourcesG155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus forExposure of Non-Metallic MaterialsG173 Tables for Reference Solar Spectral Irradiances: DirectNormal and Hemispherical on 37 Ti
12、lted Surface2.2 ISO Standard:3ISO 9050 Glass in buildingDetermination of lighttransmittance, solar direct transmittance, total solar energytransmittance, ultraviolet transmittance and related factors3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology in E631 and G113for descriptions of general terms.1
13、This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.22on Durability Performance of Building Constructions.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. DOI:10.1520/E3119-17E01.2For referenc
14、ed ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISOC
15、entral Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,Geneva, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with international
16、ly recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1
17、 accelerated aging test, na test in which the rate ofdegradation of building components or materials is intention-ally increased from that expected in actual service.3.2.2 environmentally controlled dynamic glazing (ECDG),nin a prepared opening of a building, the glazing materialinstalled in which t
18、he optical properties can change in responseto environmental stimuli such as sunlight and/or temperature.3.2.3 highest transmittance state, nalso referred to as theclear state or bleached state, a descriptor for an ECDG glazingwhen it is in the transmittance state with the highest photopicspecular l
19、ight transmittance.3.2.4 lateral uniformity, nthe degree of variation in theamount of irradiance in the x and y directions in the test planeused for exposing an ECDG glazing.3.2.5 layer temperature, nthe temperature, as measuredby a thermocouple, of the lite having environmentally respon-sive proper
20、ties.3.2.6 photochromic glazing, nan environmentally con-trolled dynamic glazing which changes its optical properties inresponse to exposure to solar radiation.3.2.7 serviceability, nthe capability of a building product,component, assembly, or construction to perform the func-tion(s) for which it wa
21、s designed and constructed.3.2.8 solar irradiance, nas related to natural weatheringof materials, the irradiance of the sun incident on the earthssurface, having wavelengths between 295 nm and 4050 nm.3.2.9 specular (regular) transmittance, nthe optical trans-mittance that does not include light wit
22、h a diffuse component.3.2.10 thermochromic glazing, nan environmentally con-trolled dynamic glazing which changes its optical properties inresponse to exposure to a broad range of temperatures(10 C).3.2.11 thermotropic glazing, nan environmentally con-trolled dynamic glazing which changes its optica
23、l properties ata discrete temperature or over a small range of temperatures(that is, 10 C).3.2.12 transition temperature, nspecifically in thermo-tropic ECDG, it is temperature at which the optical propertiesof a given glazing switches between highest transmittance stateand lowest transmittance stat
24、e.3.2.12.1 DiscussionIn thermochromic glazing, the opticalproperties change continuously over a broad temperature range(that is, 10 C) and so do not have a transition temperature.3.3 Acronyms:3.3.1 AWUaccelerated weathering unit.3.3.2 ECDGenvironmentally controlled dynamic glazing.3.3.3 IGU(s)insula
25、ting glass unit(s).3.3.4 NIRnear-infrared (radiation).3.3.5 THhighest specified temperature for recordingspecular transmittance.3.3.6 TLlowest specified temperature for recording specu-lar transmittance.3.3.7 TMmidrange specified temperature for recordingspecular transmittance.3.3.8 UVultraviolet (r
26、adiation).4. Significance and Use4.1 ECDG perform a number of important functions in abuilding envelope including: reducing the solar energy heatgain; providing a variable visual connection with the outsideworld; enhancing human comfort (heat gain), security,illumination, and glare control; providin
27、g for architecturalexpression, and (possibly) improving acoustical performance.It is therefore important to understand the relative serviceabil-ity of these glazings.4.2 This test method is intended to provide a means forassessing the relative serviceability of ECDGs, as described inSection 1.4.3 Th
28、e test method is intended to simulate in-service useand accelerate aging of the environmentally controlled dy-namic glazings.4.4 Results from these tests cannot be used to predict theperformance over time of in-service units unless actual corre-sponding in-service tests have been conducted and appro
29、priateanalyses have been conducted to show how performance canbe predicted from the accelerated aging tests.4.5 The procedure in this test method includes environmen-tal test parameters that are typically used in weatherability testsby standards organizations and are realistic for the intended useof
30、 large-area ECDG units.5. Apparatus5.1 Accelerated Weathering Unit (AWU), consisting of atemperature controlled chamber with properly filtered xenon-arc lamp(s) to simulate the spectral power distribution of solarradiation over the UV/Visible and NIR wavelength region(Tables for Reference G173) oper
31、ated in accordance withPractice G155.5.1.1 Fig. 1 shows a top-view schematic diagram of theessential features of the environmental test chamber includingthe layout of the ECDG on a test plane of sufficient size to testat least four specimens simultaneously, the location of asufficient number of xeno
32、n-arc lamps above the test plane todeliver the specified radiation intensity, and the necessaryconnecting thermocouple cables from the ECDGs to thecomputer-controlled data acquisition system.5.1.2 Some means of adjusting the light intensity anduniformity on the test plane shall be provided in order
33、to obtainthe desired light intensity and lateral uniformity within theguidelines of this document. This can be provided throughadjustment of the position of the test plane relative to thelamp(s) or through adjustment of the output of the lampsthemselves. Temperature control within the test chamber s
34、hallbe provided. Conditions inside the closed space shall becontrolled for air temperatures from 20 to 95 C. Humiditywithin the test chamber shall be monitored and shall not exceed60 %.5.1.3 Simulated solar radiation shall be provided by aspectrally filtered xenon arc lamp(s) housed within a reflect
35、orE3119 1712system. The lamps shall be suitably filtered to provide a matchof the Hemispherical Solar Spectral Irradiance on 37 TiltedSun-Facing Surface (Tables for Reference G173) from 300 to900 nm (see Note 1). The lamps may employ a NIR absorbingfilter to reduce the heat load in the chamber and a
36、llowappropriate temperature control.NOTE 1At longer wavelengths, the xenon arc emission is at variancewith the Tables for Reference G173 hemispherical solar spectral irradi-ance because the intensities relative to those in the UV/visible region arehigher than in solar radiation. However, this part o
37、f the spectrum does notcause photolytically induced degradation.5.1.4 The ECDG specimens are to be located on the testplane a given distance from the xenon arc lamps.5.1.5 The AWU shall have a means for allowing thermo-couple connections to pass from inside to the outside of the unitto allow tempera
38、ture monitoring of the specimens.5.2 Spectrometer, for acquiring the specular transmittance oftest specimens.5.2.1 Spectrometer Light Source, a tungsten lamp, or othersuitable lamp source that provides illumination from 380 to780 nm.5.2.2 Fiber Optic Cables, which shall be routed from thelamp source
39、 into the ECDG specimen holder and from theECDG specimen holder to the spectrometer. One optical fiberguides the incident light from the lamp source to one side of thespecimen; another optical fiber guides the transmitted light tothe spectrometer attached to a computer. The fibers shall beoptically
40、coupled by properly aligned collimating lens assem-blies attached to both the illuminating and the collection fibers.5.3 Temperature Controlled Chamber (see Fig. 2), capableof achieving the selected test temperatures for the test speci-mens. The temperature controlled chamber will be used tocarry ou
41、t optical measurements of the ECDGs at the selectedtest temperatures. It shall be large enough for the largest ECDGto be tested. The temperature controlled chamber must also bedesigned to permit using the equipment in 5.2 for opticalmeasurements while the ECDG is maintained at the tempera-ture chose
42、n for evaluation of the specimens as defined in 7.3.1.5.4 Digital Camera, for taking photographs of the speci-mens.5.5 Thermocouples, with conformance to SpecificationE230/E230M verified, to measure specimen and chambertemperatures in the AWU and the temperature controlledchamber.6. Reagents and Mat
43、erials6.1 Test Specimen size, design, and construction shall beestablished and specified by the manufacturer, except that thespecimen shall be at least 150 6 6by3006 6 mm.6.2 Refer to Specification E3120 for details on specimenquantity and size.7. Procedure47.1 OverviewThe ECDGs are exposed to simul
44、ated solarirradiance in a temperature controlled chamber at specimentemperatures ranging from 70 to 105 C. Accept the prevailingrelative humidity in the chamber but ensure that it does notexceed 60 %. The ECDG specimens are optically characterized(that is, the specular transmittance is recorded at s
45、everal ECDGlayer temperatures) in a temperature controlled chamber at theselected testing temperatures prior to exposure in the AWU inorder to establish the performance characteristics of each4This procedure is based, in part, on ASTM Test Method for Accelerated Agingof Electrochromic Devices in Sea
46、led Insulating Glass Units (E2141).FIG. 1 Top-View Schematic Diagram of (Essential) Components of an Environmental Test Chamber and Data Acquisition System forAccelerated Aging of Environmentally Controlled Dynamic GlazingsE3119 1713sample. After exposure in the AWU, the specimens are opti-cally cha
47、racterized as they were initially to provide after-agingECDG transmittance data.7.2 When received, inspect ECDG visually, take photo-graphs of any obvious defects or aberrations of the ECDGspecimens in the room temperature (ca. 22 C) state.7.3 Carry out the initial optical characterization of theECD
48、Gs using the spectrometer and temperature controlledchamber listed in Section 5.7.3.1 The specular transmittance of the specimens shall bemeasured over a spectral range covering at least 380 to 780 nmat several ECDG layer temperatures.7.3.1.1 For thermotropic glazing specimens, spectra shall berecor
49、ded at a minimum of three ECDG layer temperatures: (1)between 10 C and 20 below the transition temperature (TL),(2) 3 C below the transition temperature (or the midpoint ofthe transition temperature range), as stated by themanufacturer, (TM), and (3) between 5 C and 15 above thetransition temperature (TH).7.3.1.2 For thermochromic glazing specimens, spectra shallbe recorded at 25 C (TL), 45 C (TM), and 70 C (TH).7.3.2 The temperature controlled chamber must be capableof maintaining the temperature of the ECDG at 60.5 C of thetemper
