1、Designation: F 104 03Standard Classification System forNonmetallic Gasket Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 104; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in p
2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This classification system2provides a means for speci-fying or d
3、escribing pertinent properties of commercial nonme-tallic gasket materials. Materials composed of asbestos, cork,cellulose, and other organic or inorganic materials in combi-nation with various binders or impregnants are included.Materials normally classified as rubber compounds are notincluded, sin
4、ce they are covered in Classification D 2000.Gasket coatings are not covered, since details thereof areintended to be given on engineering drawings or in separatespecifications. While the facing materials for laminate compos-ite gasket materials (LCGM) are included in ClassificationSystem F 104, mat
5、erials normally classified as LCGM are notcovered since they are included in Classification F 868.1.2 Since all of the properties that contribute to gasketperformance are not included, use of the classification systemas a basis for selecting materials is limited.1.3 The values stated in SI units are
6、 to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices
7、 and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-motive Applications2E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-poses3F 36 Test Method for Compressibility and Reco
8、very ofGasket Materials2F 37 Test Methods for Sealability of Gasket Materials2F 38 Test Methods for Creep Relaxation of a Gasket Mate-rial2F 146 Test Methods for Fluid Resistance of Gasket Materi-als2F 147 Test Method for Flexibility of Non-Metallic GasketMaterials2F 148 Test Method for Binder Durab
9、ility of Cork Compo-sition Gasket Materials2F 152 Test Methods for Tension Testing of NonmetallicGasket Materials2F 433 Practice for Evaluating Thermal Conductivity ofGasket Materials2F 607 Test Method for Adhesion of Gasket Materials toMetal Surfaces2F 868 Classification for Laminated Composite Gas
10、ket Ma-terials2G 21 Practice for Determining Resistance of SyntheticPolymeric Materials to Fungi43. Significance and Use3.1 This classification is intended to encourage uniformityin reporting properties; to provide a common language forcommunications between suppliers and consumers; to guideengineer
11、s and designers in the test methods commonly used forcommercially available materials; and to be versatile enough tocover new materials and test methods as they are introduced.3.2 It is based on the principle that nonmetallic gasketmaterials should be described, insofar as is possible, in terms ofsp
12、ecific physical and mechanical characteristics, and that aninfinite number of such descriptions can be formulated by useof one or more standard statements based on standard tests.Therefore, users of gasket materials can, by selecting differentcombinations of statements, specify different combination
13、s of1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F03 onGaskets and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F03.30 on Classification.Current edition approved April 10, 2003. Published May 2003. Originallyapproved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F 104 02e1.2
14、Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.02.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.04.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.properties desired in various parts. Suppliers, likewise, ca
15、nreport properties available in their respective products.4. Basis of Classification4.1 To permit “line call-out” of the descriptions mentionedin 3.2, this classification system establishes letter or numbersymbols or both for various performance levels of eachproperty or characteristic (see Table 1)
16、5.4.2 In specifying or describing gasket materials, each“ linecall-out” shall include the number of this system (minus datesymbol) followed by the letter “F” and six numerals, forexample: ASTM F 104 (F125400). Since each numeral of thecall-out represents a characteristic (as shown in Table 1), sixnu
17、merals are always required. The numeral “0” is used whenthe description of any characteristic is not desired. The numeral“9” is used when the description of any characteristic (or testrelated thereto) is specified by some supplement to thisclassification system, such as notes on engineering drawings
18、.4.3 To further specify or describe gasket materials, each“line call-out” may include one or more suffix letter-numeralsymbols, as listed in Table 2, for example: ASTM F104(F125400-B2M4). Various levels of definition may be estab-lished by increasing or decreasing the number of letter-numeralsymbols
19、 used in the “line call-out.”4.4 For convenience, gasket materials are referred to byType according to the principal fibrous or particulate reinforce-ment or other material from which the gasket is made and byClass according to the manufacturing method, or the commontrade designation. Type numbers c
20、orrespond with the firstnumeral, and class numbers correspond with the secondnumeral of the basic six-digit line call-out, as shown in Table1.NOTE 1While this “cell-type” format provides the means for closecharacterization and specification of each property and combinations ofproperties for a broad
21、range of materials, it is subject to possiblemisapplications, since impossible property combinations can be coded ifthe user is not familiar with available commercial materials. Table X1.1 ofthis classification indicates properties, characteristics, and test methodsthat are normally considered appli
22、cable to each type of material.5. Physical and Mechanical Requirements5.1 Gasket materials identified by this classification shallhave the characteristics or properties indicated by the first sixnumerals of the line call-out, within the limits shown in Table1, and by additional letter-numeral symbol
23、s shown in Table 2.6. Thickness Requirements6.1 Gasket materials identified by this classification systemshall conform to the thickness tolerances specified in Table 3.7. Sampling7.1 Specimens shall be selected from finished gaskets orsheets of suitable size, whichever is the more practicable. Ifshe
24、ets are used, they shall, where applicable, be cut squarelywith the grain of the stock, and the grain direction shall benoted by an arrow. If finished gaskets are used, the dimensionsof sample and any variations from method must be reported.7.2 For qualification purposes, thickness shall be 0.8 mm(0
25、.03 in.), except for Type 2, where the qualification thicknessis to be 1.5 to 6.4 mm (0.06 to 0.25 in.), and Type 5 Class 1,where the qualification thickness is to be 0.4 mm (0.015 in.).When thicknesses other than those shown above are to betested, the specification limits shall be agreed to in writ
26、ingbetween the purchaser and the supplier.7.3 Sufficient specimens shall be selected to provide aminimum of three determinations for each test specified. Theaverage of the determinations shall be considered as the result.8. Conditioning8.1 Prior to all applicable tests, specimens shall be condi-tion
27、ed as follows:8.1.1 When the first numeral of line call-out is “1” (Type 1materials), specimens shall be conditioned in an oven at 100 62C (212 6 3.6F) for 1 h and allowed to cool to 21 to 30C(70 to 85F) in a desiccator containing anhydrous calciumchloride; except when second numeral of line call-ou
28、t is “3”(Class 3 materials), the specimens shall be conditioned in anoven for4hat1006 2C (212 6 3.6F).8.1.2 When the first numeral of line callout is “2” (Type 2materials), specimens shall be conditioned at least 46 h in acontrolled-humidity room or in a closed chamber with gentlemechanical circulat
29、ion of the air at 21 to 30C (70 to 85F) and50 to 55 % relative humidity.NOTE 2If a mechanical means of maintaining 50 to 55 % relativehumidity is not available, a tray containing a saturated solution of reagentgrade magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)6H2O, shall be placed in the chamberto provide the require
30、d relative humidity.8.1.3 When the first numeral of line callout is “3” (Type 3materials), specimens shall be preconditioned for4hat21to30C (70 to 85F) in a closed chamber containing anhydrouscalcium chloride as a desiccant. The air in the chamber shall becirculated by gentle mechanical agitation. S
31、pecimens shall thenbe transferred immediately to a controlled-humidity room orclosed chamber with gentle mechanical circulation of the airand conditioned for at least 20 h at 21 to 30C (70 to 85F) and50 to 55 % relative humidity.8.1.4 When the first numeral of a line callout is “4,” noconditioning o
32、f specimens is necessary.8.1.5 When the first numeral of a line callout is “5,” “7,” or“8,” test specimens shall be conditioned in accordance with8.1.1 (Type 1 materials).8.1.6 When the first numeral of a line callout is “0” or “9,”specimens shall be conditioned as in 8.1.3, unless otherwisespecifie
33、d in supplements to this classification.8.2 In all cases where testing is conducted outside the areaof specified humidity, specimens shall be removed from thechamber one at a time just prior to testing.9. Test Methods9.1 Thickness:9.1.1 Measure the specimens with a device actuated by adead-weight lo
34、ad. The device shall be capable of reading in5IRM 903 is available from R.E. Carrol, Inc. P.O. Box 5806, Trenton, NJ 08638.The user should be aware that results may differ from results using ASTM Oil No.3. ASTM Oil No. 3 is no longer commercially available due to potential health risksassociated wit
35、h its use. IRM 903 has been approved by Committee D-11 as areplacement for ASTM Oil No. 3.F104032TABLE 1 Basic Physical and Mechanical CharacteristicsBasic Six-Digit Number Basic CharacteristicFirst Numeral “Type” of material (the principal fibrous, particulate, or reinforcement material from which
36、the gasket is made) shall conform to thefirst numeral of the basic six-digit number, as follows:0 = not specified 5 = flexible graphite1 = asbestos 7 = nonasbestos fiber, tested as Type 12 = cork 8 = vermiculite3 = cellulose 9 = as specifiedA4 = fluorocarbon polymerSecond Numeral Class of material(m
37、ethod of manufacture or common trade designation) shall conform to the second numeral of the basic six-digitnumber, as follows:When first numeral is “0” or “9,” second numeral:0 = not specified9 = as specifiedAWhen first numeral is “1” or “7,” second numeral:0 = not specified1 = compressed sheeter p
38、rocess2 = beater process3 = paper and millboard9 = as specifiedAWhen first numeral is “2,” second numeral:0 = not specified1 = cork composition (Class 1)2 = cork and elastomeric (Class 2)3 = cork and cellular rubber (Class 3)9 = as specifiedAWhen first numeral is “3,” second numeral:0 = not specifie
39、d1 = untreated fibertag, chipboard, vulcanized fiber, etc. (Class 1)2 = protein treated (Class 2)3 = elastomeric treated (Class 3)4 = thermosetting resin treated (Class 4)9 = as specifiedAWhen first numeral is “4,” second numeral:0 = not specified1 = sheet PTFE2 = PTFE of expanded structure3 = PTFE
40、filaments, braided, or woven4 = PTFE felts5 = filled PTFE9 = as specifiedWhen first numeral is “5” or “8,” second numeral:0 = not specified1 = homogeneous sheet2 = laminated sheet9 = as specifiedAThird Numeral Compressibility characteristics, determined in accordance with Test Method F 36, shall con
41、form to the percent indicated by the thirdnumeral of the basic six-digit number. (Example: 4 = 15 to 25 %)0 = not specified 5 = 20 to 30 %1=0to10% 6=25to40%2=5to15%* 7=30to50%3=10to20% 8=40to60%4 = 15 to 25 % 9 = as specifiedA* 7 to 17 % for compressed sheeter processFourth Numeral Thickness increas
42、e when immersed in IRM 903 Oil:5determined in accordance with Test Method F 146, shall conform to the percentindicated by the fourth numeral of the basic six-digit number. (Example: 4 = 15 to 30 %)0 = not specified 5 = 20 to 40 %1=0to15% 6=30to50%2=5to20% 7=40to60%3=10to25% 8=50to70%4 = 15 to 30 % 9
43、 = as specifiedAFifth Numeral Weight increase when immersed in IRM 903 Oil:5determined in accordance with Test Method F 146, shall conform to the percentindicated by the fifth numeral of the basic six-digit number. (Example: 4 = 30 % max)0 = not specified 5 = 40 %, max1=10%,max 6=60%,max2=15%,max 7=
44、80%,max3 = 20 %, max 8 = 100 %, max4 = 30 %, max 9 = as specifiedASixth Numeral Weight increase when immersed in water:determined in accordance with Test Method F 146, shall conform to the percent indicatedby the sixth numeral of the basic six-digit number. See left and below. (Example: 4 = 30 %, ma
45、x)0 = not specified 5 = 40 %, max1=10%,max 6=60%,max2=15%,max 7=80%,max3 = 20 %, max 8 = 100 %, max4 = 30 %, max 9 = as specifiedAAOn engineering drawings or other supplement to this classification system.F104033TABLE 2 Supplementary Physical and Mechanical CharacteristicsSuffix Symbol Supplementary
46、 CharacteristicsA9 Sealability characteristics shall be determined in accordance with Test Method F 37. External load, internal pressure, otherdetails of test, and results shall be as specified on engineering drawing or other supplement to this classification.B1 through B9 Creep relaxation character
47、istics shall be determined in accordance with Test Method F 38. Loss of stress at end of 24 h shallnot exceed the amount indicated by the numeral of the B-symbol.B1=10% B5=30%B2=15% B6=40%B3=20% B7=50%B4=25% B8=60%B9 = as specifiedAD00 through D99 The former ASTM standard F 64, Test Method for Corro
48、sive and Adhesive Effects of Gasket Materials on Metal Surfaces,was discontinued in 1980. The newly established test for adhesion has become Test Method F 607.E00 through E99 Weight and thickness change after immersion in ASTM Fuel B shall be determined in accordance with Test Method F 146.Weight in
49、crease shall not exceed the standard rating number indicated by the first numeral of the two-digit number of theE-symbol. Thickness increase shall not exceed the standard rating number indicated by the second numeral of theE-symbol.Weight Increase, %(first numeral)Thickness Increase, %(second numeral)E0_ = not specified E_0 = not specifiedE1_ = 10 E_1 = 05E2_ = 15 E_2 = 010E3_ = 20 E_3 = 015E4_ = 30 E_4 = 520E5_ = 40 E_5 = 1025E6_ = 60 E_6 = 1535E7_ = 80 E_7 = 2545E8_ = 100 E_8 = 3060E9_ = as specifiedAE_9 = as specifiedAH Adhesion characteristics shall be deter
