1、Designation:F14111 Designation: F141 12Standard Terminology Relating toResilient Floor Coverings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F141; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Referenced Documents1.1 ASTM Standards:2F1066 Specification fo
3、r Vinyl Composition Floor TileF1303 Specification for Sheet Vinyl Floor Covering with BackingF1344 Specification for Rubber Floor TileF1700 Specification for Solid Vinyl Floor TileF1859 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor Covering Without BackingF1860 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor Covering W
4、ith BackingF1913 Specification for Vinyl Sheet Floor Covering Without BackingF2034 Specification for Sheet Linoleum Floor CoveringF2195 Specification for Linoleum Floor Tile2. Terminology2.1 Terms and Definitions:above-grade, adjabove the surface of the ground, as related to floor location, above a
5、well-ventilated space with at least 18 in.(457.2 mm) between the bottom of the lowest horizontal structural member and any point of the ground.abrasion, nwearing, grinding, or rubbing away by friction.across machine direction, nthe direction perpendicular to which a product moves through the manufac
6、turing process.asphalt tile, nan obsolete floor surfacing unit composed of asphalt or hydrocarbon resins, or both, crysotile asbestos fibers,mineral fillers, and pigments.below-grade, adjbelow the surface of the ground, as related to floor location, part or all of the floor is below the ground.cellu
7、lar concrete, na light weight flooring substrate material which utilizes a hydraulic cement as the binder and has ahomogeneous void or cell structure attained using gas forming chemicals or foaming agents.concrete, na hard, strong material made by mixing a cementing material (commonly portland cemen
8、t) and a mineral aggregate(as washed sand and gravel or broken rock) with sufficient water to cause the cement to set and bind the entire mass.coefficient of frictionthe ratio of the tangential force that is needed to start or maintain uniform relative motion between twocontacting surfaces to the pe
9、rpendicular force holding them in contact. (See DCOF and SCOF in 2.2 for clarification.)cork tile, na floor surfacing unit made from natural cork shavings compressed and baked to be thoroughly and uniformly bondedtogether.cushioned vinyl flooring, nany vinyl sheet floor covering incorporating a foam
10、 layer as part of its construction.dimensional stability, nthe ability of a resilient flooring to retain its original dimensions during the service life of the product.DISCUSSIONThis property is usually measured by: (1) temperature-induced dimensional changethe alteration in linear dimensions as a r
11、esult ofexposure to a significant variation in temperature followed by a return to original conditions; or (2) moisture-induced dimensional changethealteration in linear dimensions as a result of exposure to a significant variation in moisture.drying room yellowing, na yellowish cast on linoleum res
12、ultant from the oxidation process that will go away with lightexposure. Without continued light exposure, the cast may reappear.dynamic coefficient of frictionthe ratio of the tangential force that is needed to maintain uniform relative motion between twocontacting surfaces to the perpendicular forc
13、e holding them in contact (DCOF).1This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F06 on Resilient Floor Coverings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F06.10 on Terminology.Current edition approved Dec.March 1, 2011.2012. Published JanuaryApril 2012. Originally approved in 1
14、971. Last previous edition approved in 20082011 asF141-08a.F141-11. DOI: 10.1520/F0141-112.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document S
15、ummary page on the ASTM website.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recomm
16、ends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.embossed, adjha
17、ving a permanent multilevel surface produced by mechanical or chemical means.flexibility, nthe ability to be bent, turned, or twisted without cracking, breaking or showing other permanent damage and withor without returning of itself to its former shape.friction, nresistance to the relative motion o
18、f one body sliding or rolling over another with which it is in contact.gouge, na groove or cavity in the flooring surface accompanied by material removal and penetration below the immediateflooring surface.heat welded seam, na seam produced by grooving abutting edges of resilient flooring and fillin
19、g said groove(s) with heated,fused, or melted material to provide a bond and seal. A glazing or top coating may be applied after the seam is trimmed.DISCUSSIONExcess welding material is trimmed flush with the finished flooring after cooling.heterogeneous, adjconsisting of dissimilar ingredients, con
20、stituents or compositions.heterogeneous resilient flooring, na resilient floor surfacing material consisting of layers of dissimilar compositions or colors,or both.homogenous rubber flooring, na rubber floor surfacing material, in sheet or tile form, that is of uniform structure andcomposition throu
21、ghout. It usually consists of compounded natural or synthetic rubbers, or both, in combination with mineralfillers, pigments, and other additives. See Specifications F1344, F1859 and F1860.homogeneous vinyl flooring, na floor surfacing material in sheet or tile form that is of uniform structure and
22、compositionthroughout. It usually consists of vinyl plastic resins, plasticizers, fillers, pigments and stabilizers. See also Specification F1913.hydraulic cement, na binder system used in concrete subfloor assemblies that harden by chemical reaction with water and iscapable of doing so even under w
23、ater.injection molded flooringa floor surfacing material made by driving or forcing a polymeric compound into a mold.inlaid sheet flooring, na floor surfacing material in which the decorative pattern or design is formed by colored areas set in tothe surface. The design so formed may or may not exten
24、d through to a backing. See also Specifications F1303 and F1913.lightweight concrete, nconcrete with a density of less than 115 lb/ft3(1840 kg/m3).linoleum, na surfacing material composed of a solidified mixture of linseed oil, pine rosin, fossil or other resins or rosins, oran equivalent oxidized o
25、leoresinous binder, ground cork, wood flour, mineral fillers, and pigments, bonded to a fibrous or othersuitable backing. See also Specifications F2034 and F2195.linoleum cementthe binder in linoleum consisting of a mixture of linseed oil, pine rosin, fossil or other resins or rosins, or anequivalen
26、t oxidized oleoresinous binder.lippage, nabrupt, height difference in elevation between edges of adjacent resilient flooring, usually as it relates to installed tile.luxury vinyl tile (LVT), na marketing term that is applied to resilient floor tile products.machine direction, nthe direction in which
27、 a product moves through the manufacturing process.mar, na mark made on the flooring surface by the deposition of material from friction or rubbing of traffic bodies against thesurface.oleoresin, na plant product containing chiefly essential oil and resin.on-gradein contact with the ground, as relat
28、ed to floor location, in contact with the ground or with less than 18 in. (457.2 mm)of well-ventilated space between the bottom of the lowest horizontal structural member and any point of the ground.patching compound, ncompound used to fill or smooth minor depressions or irregularities in a flooring
29、 surface.plank, na form of resilient floor covering having an aspect ratio greater than 2:1.polymeric poured (seamless) floors, na floor surfacing material composed of polymeric materials applied to the substrate inliquid form alone or in combination with mineral or plastic aggregates, desiccants, o
30、r fillers.polyolefina polymer prepared by the polymerization of an olefin(s) as essentially the sole monomers(s). (D20)post-consumer recycled content, nthe portion, often expressed as a percent by weight, of material used in the manufacture ofa new product, where the material ex. works has been reco
31、vered or otherwise diverted from disposal.3pre-consumer recycle content, nmaterial recovered or diverted from industrial waste streams for use in the manufacture of anew product or a product made by a new process, often expressed as a percent by weight. This excludes materials andby-products generat
32、ed from and commonly reused or reworked within the original manufacturing process.3printed sheet vinyl flooring, na floor surfacing material which has a printed pattern and is protected with a wearlayer oftransparent or translucent vinyl plastic. The wearlayer may also include a specialty performanc
33、e top coating.recycled content, nthe sum, normally expressed as a percent by weight, of post-industrial or pre-consumer recycled materialplus post-consumer recycled material.3resilient, adjtending or able to recover from strain or deformation caused especially by compressive stress.resilient floorin
34、g, nan organic floor surfacing material made in sheet or tile form or formed in place as a seamless material ofwhich the wearing surface is non-textile. The resilient floor covering classification by common usage includes, but is not limitedto asphalt, cork, linoleum, rubber, vinyl, vinyl compositio
35、n, and polymeric poured seamless floors. Resilient in this sense is usedas a commonly accepted term, but does not necessarily define a physical property. (1972)3See the U.S. Federal Trade Commission Document CFR Part 260 - Guide for the Use of Environmental Marketing Claims for additional informatio
36、n and examples. Thisdocument can be found at http:/www.ftc.gov/os/1996/10/16cfr260.htm.F141 122resin, nany of various solid or semi-solid amorphous fusible natural organic substances that are usually transparent ortranslucent and yellowish to brown and are formed especially in plant secretions, are
37、soluble in organic solvents but not in water.Any of a large class of synthetic products that have some of the properties of natural resins, but are different chemically.rosin, na translucent amber to almost black brittle friable resin that is obtained by chemical means from the oleoresin or deadwood
38、 of pine trees or from tall oil.rubber flooring, na floor surfacing material in sheet or tile form consisting of compounded natural or synthetic rubbers or bothin combination with mineral fillers, pigments, and other additives. See also Specifications F1344, F1859 and F1860.scratch, na shallow cut o
39、r narrow groove in the flooring surface. A line or furrow made in the flooring surface by rasping orrubbing with a pointed or jagged object.scuff, va form of wear, in which a mark, gall, roughness or other damage is caused by the rubbing of traffic bodies against aflooring surface and may involve de
40、position of a foreign material onto the flooring surface.sheet, resilient flooring, nflexible resilient flooring, packaged in roll form, in which the length substantially exceeds the width.DISCUSSIONSheet flooring is usually manufactured in widths of 4 to 16 ft (1.22 to 4.88 m) with rolls being up t
41、o approximately 150 ft (45.7 m)long to allow seamless installation in small rooms and minimize seams in large rooms.slip resistance, nthe ability to counteract loss of traction.solid vinyl tile, na resilient tile flooring composed of binder, fillers and pigments compounded with suitable stabilizers
42、andprocessing aids. The binder consists of polymers and/or copolymers of vinyl chloride, other modifying resins, and plasticizerswhich comprise at least 34 % by weight of the finished tile. The polymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride comprise at least60 % of the weight of the binder. See also Spec
43、ification F1700.static coefficient of frictionthe ratio of the tangential force that is needed to start uniform relative motion between twocontacting surfaces to the perpendicular force holding them in contact (SCOF).structural, adjcapable of transferring loads across and through supporting members.
44、subfloor, nthat structural layer intended to provide support for design loadings which may receive resilient floor coveringsdirectly if the surface is appropriate or indirectly via an underlayment if its surface is not suitable.substrate, nthe underlying support surface upon which the flooring is in
45、stalled.tangential force, na force that acts on a moving body in the direction of a tangent to the curved path of the body.terrazzo, na form of mosaic flooring made by embedding marble, onyx, granite, or glass chips in portland cement, polyacrylatemodified portland cement, or resinous matrices. The
46、terrazzo is poured in place, cured, ground, and then polished. Rusticterrazzo is a variation where, in lieu of grinding and polishing, the surface is washed with water or otherwise treated to exposethe chips. Quartz, quartzite, and river bed aggregate can also be used.tile, resilient flooring, nresi
47、lient flooring (for example cork, linoleum, rubber, solid vinyl, vinyl composition, etc) which ispackaged in flat pieces and installed as individual units.DISCUSSIONTiles are usually square, with sides of 9 to 40 in. (228.6 to 1016 mm); most commonly 12 by 12 in. (304.8 by 304.8 mm). They canalso be
48、 long and narrow, such as 4 by 36 in. (101.6 by 914.4 mm) (sometimes called “plank”). The surface can be smooth, textured or embossed.traction, nthe adhesive friction of a body on a surface on which it moves.underlayment, na material placed under resilient flooring, or other finished flooring, to pr
49、ovide a suitable installation surface.vinyl asbestos tile (VAT), nan obsolete form of resilient tile composed of vinyl plastic binders, crysotile asbestos fibers, mineralfillers and pigments.vinyl composition tile (VCT), na resilient floor covering composed of binder, fillers, and pigments. The binder shall consist ofone or more resins of poly (vinyl chloride), or vinyl chloride copolymers, or both, compounded with suitable plasticizers andstabilizers. Other polymeric resins may be incorporated as part of the binde
