1、Designation: F147 87 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Test Method forFlexibility of Non-Metallic Gasket Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F147; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination o
3、f the flex-ibility of non-metallic gasket materials. It is designed fortesting specimens cut from sheet goods or from the gasket inthe finished form, as supplied for commercial use. Materialsnormally classified as rubber compounds are excluded sincethey are covered in Classification D2000.1.2 The va
4、lues stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate
5、safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-motive ApplicationsF104 Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Mate-rialsF146 Test Methods for
6、Fluid Resistance of Gasket Materials3. Summary of Test Method3.1 A specimen of the material is bent 180 around amandrel of appropriate size relative to its thickness. Materialswill be tested both with and across grain on material with grainorientation. An elevated-temperature exposure conditioning i
7、sused to simulate shelf life. A low-temperature exposure condi-tioning is used to simulate handling at low-temperature envi-ronments. Tests may also be conducted after immersion invarious fluids in accordance with Test Methods F146.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is designed to measure t
8、he ability ofnon-metallic gasket materials to withstand handling, as wouldbe encountered before and during installation of cut gaskets.5. Apparatus5.1 Steel Die, 12.7 by 154.4 mm (0.5 by 6 in.).5.2 Circulating-Hot-Air Oven, maintained at 100 6 1C(212 6 2F).5.3 Cold Box, capable of maintaining 40 6 1
9、C (40 62F).5.4 Mandrels, a series with diameters ranging from 4.8 to101.6 mm (316 to 4 in.).6. Test Specimens6.1 The specimens shall be cleanly die-cut to provide sharpedges, free of tears, nicks, or abraded particles. The minimumthickness for asbestos (Type 1) and synthetic (Type 7) fibercontaining
10、 materials shall be 0.4 mm (0.016 in.) and amaximum thickness of 6.3 mm (0.250 in.). The minimumthickness for cork (Type 2) composition shall be 3.2 mm (0.125in.) and 1.6 mm (0.062 in.) for cork-rubber materials, with amaximum thickness of 4.8 mm (0.186 in.). The minimumthickness for cellulose (Type
11、 3) gasket materials shall be 0.127mm (0.005 in.) and the maximum thickness shall be 1.6 mm(0.062 in.). The minimum thickness for flexible graphite (Type5) shall be 0.127 mm (0.005 in.) and a maximum of 0.8 mm(0.031 in.).7. Conditioning7.1 Condition specimens in accordance with ClassificationSystem
12、F104.8. Temperature of Test8.1 Tests will be conducted on specimens that are at atemperature of 21 to 29C (70 to 85F) except for thelow-temperature tests, where the specimen will be 40 6 1C(40 6 2F).1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F03 on Gasketsand is the direct respons
13、ibility of Subcommittee F03.20 on Mechanical TestMethods.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published March 2010. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F147 87 (2003).DOI: 10.1520/F0147-87R09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
14、contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.9. Procedure9.1 Fi
15、rmly hold the specimen at one point on a circularmandrel and force slowly but firmly under finger pressure tocontact 180 of the full diameter. Repeat this flexure usingdecreasing mandrel diameters on a new length of specimenuntil failure occurs. Failure shall be any cracks, breaks, orsurface separat
16、ions at the end of the approximate time (5 6 1s) required to flex the specimen.9.2 After exposure for 70 h at 100 6 2C (212 6 3.6F) inthe circulating-hot-air oven, remove the specimens and cool toroom temperature in accordance with the conditioning proce-dure in Classification System F104. Cork-cont
17、aining materialsshall be allowed to cool for 24 6 1 h. Then perform the testprocedure in 9.1 on the artificially aged specimen.9.3 Expose the specimens and the mandrel for6hat4061C (40 6 2F) in a cold chamber. Without removing thespecimens from the cold chamber perform the test procedure in9.1 on th
18、e low-temperature specimen.10. Report10.1 Determine the results as the minimum diameter aboutwhich specimen could be flexed without exhibiting any signsof failure. This is to be reported on original, aged, andlow-temperature tests or whichever are applicable. Both withand across grain will also be r
19、eported on grain orientedmaterials. A flexibility factor may be calculated by dividingthis minimum diameter by the nominal original thickness,expressed to the nearest 0.4 mm (0.016 in.).10.2 The report shall include the following:10.2.1 Complete sample description including commercialdesignation, so
20、urce, manufacturer, and thickness,10.2.2 Date of production, if known, and deviations made inperforming the test method, and10.2.3 Test results expressed as the minimum diameter usedwithout any signs of failure or as the flexibility factor asdetermined in 9.1, or both.11. Precision and Bias11.1 The
21、results obtained from this test method are based ona visual examination, and the quantitative values associatedwith precision data are not obtainable with this test method.12. Keywords12.1 flexibility; grain orientation; shelf lifeASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any p
22、atent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revisi
23、on at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your co
24、mments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrigh
25、ted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).F147 87 (2009)2
