1、Designation: F 153 95 (Reapproved 2002)Standard Test Method forDetermining the Yield of Wide Inked Computer Ribbons1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 153; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the yield ofa wide (7 to 17 in. in width) inked computer ribbon.1.2
3、This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Docum
4、ents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 3460 Specification for White Watermarked, Unwater-marked Bond, Mimeograph, Duplicator, and XerographicCut-Sized Office Papers2F 221 Terminology Relating to Carbon Paper and InkedRibbon Products and Images Made Therefrom2F 909 Terminology Relating to Printers2F 1174 Practice
5、for the Use of the Personal ComputerPrinter as a Test Instrument2F 1232 Practice for Determination of Character Yield forSingle-Pass Film Ribbons22.2 ANSI Standards:PH 2.17 Density MeasurementsGeometric Conditions forReflection Density3PH 2.18 Density MeasurementsSpectral Conditions33. Terminology3.
6、1 Definitions:3.1.1 end-of-life point, nthe point at which the imagequality produced from an inked computer ribbon is determinedto be incomprehensible, expressed in terms of optical density.Prior to testing, the concerned parties mutually determine anend-of-life-point.3.1.2 yield, nthe end-of-life p
7、oint of an inked computerribbon, expressed as the number of printed lines.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method consists of testing a computer ribbonunder actual use conditions by employing a high-speed printerto use the ribbon to an end-of-life point. All tests are to bemade consecutively o
8、n the same printer, using the same typefont, program, impact, alignment, forms, forms-thickness set-ting, and manufacturers lot, grade, and basis weight of paper.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is used to determine the yield (ex-pressed in the number of printed lines) obtainable under ac
9、tualuse conditions on a given computer ribbon of a definite length.5.2 This test method is suitable for service evaluation andresearch and development.6. Interferences6.1 Many printers are subject to imaging system variationsdue to fluctuation of line voltage. Voltage stabilizing devicesmay be used.
10、 If a stabilizing device is not used, tests should berun where the line load is low or stabilized.6.2 The densitometer reading may also vary with voltagefluctuations. Use the same instructions as in 6.1.6.3 Fluctuations in temperature and humidity can affect thepaper used for image reception. Tests
11、run on different dayscould show variation in results. All tests should be dated, withtemperature and relative humidity recorded.6.4 The printing element of the printer gradually wearsunder use, which may cause variation in the results. During thecourse of a test, it is recommended that the printing
12、element beperiodically inspected, cleaned, calibrated, or replaced, and anyof these actions recorded.6.5 The optical density of the paper may cause variations inthe results. Ensure that the paper is optically uniform (within0.01 optical density units), without background print.6.6 The type of paper
13、used may cause variation in theresults. Ensure that paper from the same manufacturer, lot,basis weight, and grade is used.7. Apparatus and Materials7.1 Printer, using the ribbons to conduct yield test.7.2 Reflection DensitometerA reflection densitometermeeting the geometric condition of ANSI PH 2.17
14、 and thespectral conditions of ANSI PH 2.18.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 on BusinessCopy Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.02 on InkedTransfer Imaging Products.Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1995. Published March 1996. Originallypu
15、blished as F 153 72. Last previous edition F 153 88.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.3Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13thFloor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Unit
16、ed States.7.3 Paper, in accordance with Specification D 3460, Type 4,bond in roll or continuous form, single part. Other paper, asnormally used in typewriters or printers may also be selected.7.3.1 Ensure that the paper is optically uniform (within 0.03optical density units), without background prin
17、t.7.3.2 Ensure that paper from the same lot and of the samebasis weight and grade is used in all comparison tests as thepaper may affect the result.8. Test Specimen8.1 The test ribbons should be entire ribbons or a knownportion of each. It is advisable that if a portion is used, that theybe the same
18、 portion (for example, the first half or the first fivefeet of each). In all cases, the specimens should be unused andfresh (not subjected to unnecessary handling or abnormalstorage conditions).9. Calibration9.1 Adjust the printer used to conduct the test method inaccordance with the manufacturers i
19、nstructions or in accor-dance with Practice F 1174.9.2 Calibrate the densitometer (7.2) in accordance with themanufacturers instructions.10. Conditioning10.1 Condition the ribbon samples to be tested and testpaper for 24 h in the same atmospheric conditions as thosewhere the test is to be conducted.
20、10.2 Run all comparison tests under the same conditions oftemperature and humidity.11. Procedure11.1 Run the test ribbons using an alphanumeric ripple testprogram or a program using a test pattern that conforms toPractice F 1232. Conclude the test method at the point wherethe density of the image ha
21、s decreased to a value that is belowthat of the predetermined end-of-life point. If a ribbon showsfailure before the end-of-life point, immediately stop the testmethod to avoid damage to the printer.11.2 Identify and record all elements of the test method andprinted pages.11.3 Read and record the de
22、nsity at the start and at every100th page of the printed pages, using a black backing with anISO reflection density above 1.50. The same characters on thefirst line of the page in the same impact positions must be usedat all times, on all specimens.11.4 The density versus the number of lines may be
23、plottedto show the decrease in density versus the yield.12. Calculation12.1 For a full-length ribbon, determine the yield of theribbon (expressed in the number of lines printed). This is thenumber of pages multiplied by the number of lines per page.12.2 Where only a portion of the ribbon was used, c
24、alculatethe portion as related to the full length or area of the ribbon. Todetermine the yield of a full ribbon, multiply the number ofprinted lines by the total length of the actual inked ribbon anddivide by the test length of the printed ribbon.NOTE 1For example:Full ribbon = 25 ftTest length = 5
25、ftTest yield = 1000 pagesFull length yield = 5000 pages13. Report13.1 Report the following information:13.1.1 The agreed-upon end-of-life point.13.2 All pertinent information on the ribbon, manufacturer,length, width, etc.13.3 The manufacturer, lot, grade and, basis weight of thepaper used.13.4 The
26、total number of printed lines for the total lengthand width of ribbon. Alternatively, report the number of printedlines per foot.13.5 Details of any maintenance or service actions per-formed on the printer.14. Precision and Bias14.1 This test method will provide repeatable ranking orderresults withi
27、n a laboratory using the same printer and tester.14.2 Ranking order may not necessarily be reproducedbetween laboratories because of differences in operator, printer,test apparatus, printer components, printer actions, and ambientconditions.14.3 Since there is no acceptable reference material fordet
28、ermining the yield and bias for the procedure in this testmethod, no statement on bias is being made.15. Keywords15.1 computer printer; ribbons; ribbon yield; wide ribbonF 153 95 (2002)2APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. DETERMINING THE END-OF-LIFE POINT IN THE YIELD OF WIDE INKED COMPUTER RIBBON
29、SX1.1 GeneralThis test method states that when determin-ing the yield of a wide inked computer ribbon, prior to testing,the concerned parties mutually determine an end-of-life-point.This appendix suggests a possible method for establishingend-of-life parameters.X1.2 Sample PreparationUsing this test
30、 method, run theribbon until exhaustion. Ensure printed samples have unfamil-iar text and the same font or typeface. (Courier 10 is the mostwidely available.) Using a reflection densitometer, measure thedensity on eight characters located on the same area on eachpage. Average and record the readings
31、 for each page.X1.3 Preparing a Survey:X1.3.1 Establish a base of a minimum of 15 survey partici-pants. It is recommended to select the participants from variousbackgrounds such as: marketing/sales; editorial; technical;shipping/receiving; and data processing. This will ensure thesolicitation of inf
32、ormation from users who have avariety ofprinting needs. Explain to each participant that theoretically,this is the only printer available for them to use, and do notcompare the output with that of any other printing technology.Select a sampling of the pages produced per ribbon with areflection densi
33、ty ranging from the lower limits of the densi-tometers range of operation to 0.2 (minus the reflectiondensity of the paper). Query each participant as to: (1) whichsample page represents the lower limit of readability or whenthey would change the ribbon themselves; and (2) whichsample page is no lon
34、ger readable.X1.3.2 From the results of the survey, determine the densityof the samples chosen. Two reference points may be estab-lished as follows:X1.3.2.1 Useful LifeThe lower limit of text readability orthe point at which the ribbon should be changed.X1.3.2.2 End-of-LifeThe point at which the tex
35、t is nolonger readable.X1.4 Establishing an End-of-Life PointUse the densityfigures derived from the survey to establish an end-of-life pointin testing.X1.5 ReportPlot a graph of density versus yield. Includereference lines on the graph for Useful Life and End-of-Life.Use these reference points as a
36、n aid in comparing the yield ofone ribbon to another.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent ri
37、ghts, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either fo
38、r revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearin
39、g you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 153 95 (2002)3
