1、Designation: F 16 67 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Test Methods forMeasuring Diameter or Thickness of Wire and Ribbon forElectronic Devices and Lamps1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 16; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in t
2、he case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for measuring thediameter or thickness of round
3、and flat wire (ribbon) 0.060 in.(1.52 mm) maximum used in electronic devices and lamps.They are intended primarily for referee use, for laboratorymeasuring, and for certifying size of standard samples used forchecking other measuring equipment that may be agreed uponbetween the supplier and the purc
4、haser.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to estab
5、lish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Summary of Test Method2.1 In order to provide reliable determinations of physicaldimensions of wire and ribbon products, these test methods aredesigned to measure mechanically the
6、 diameter or thicknesswith a high degree of precision. These test methods are basedon the use of a sensitive measuring head with calibratedpressure settings, shaped measuring anvils to reduce errorscaused by material curvature or waviness, and a method forpresetting the anvil spacing by means of gag
7、e blocks orcylindrical master standards.3. Apparatus3.1 Either of two general types of apparatus may be used formeasuring, depending on the accuracy desired and on theavailability of certified cylindrical master standards for gagesetting, as follows:3.1.1 Apparatus A For use with cylindrical master
8、stan-dards for gage setting.3.1.2 Apparatus B For use with gage block standards forgage setting.3.2 Apparatus A, shown in Fig. 1, shall have the followingfeatures:3.2.1 An adjustable anvil of the size and shape specified forthe material to be inspected. The anvil shall be nonrotating andshall be adj
9、ustable for position by means of a micrometer orprecision adjusting screw, with means for locking the anvil inany set position after adjustments have been made.3.2.2 A sensing anvil of the size and shape specified for thematerial to be measured, linked directly to a sensing andindicating device of s
10、pecified precision and sensitivity.3.2.3 The adjustable fixed anvil and sensing anvil and thesensing device shall be rigidly mounted with both anvils inalignment on the same axis. The sensing anvil shall be movablewith provisions for retracting the anvil for placing the speci-men in the measuring po
11、sition.3.2.4 Both anvils shall be properly fitted, lapped, andpolished so the contacting surfaces are flat and parallel withinthe accuracy specified.3.2.5 The sensing device shall be provided with a means forsetting the indicator hand or scale to zero, and a calibratedscale or dial for setting the s
12、ensing anvil measuring pressure tothe specified value required for measuring. This setting shall beaccurate to within6 10 % of the set value.3.3 Apparatus B, shown in Fig. 2, shall meet the require-ments specified for Apparatus A in 3.2 with the followingadditional features:3.3.1 The fixed anvil and
13、 support to which it is attachedshall be free to move along the measuring axis but shall be heldin line with the sensing anvil by means of cantilever springs sothat parallelism with the sensing anvil is maintained. Theopposite end of the movable anvil support shall terminate in aball contact having
14、a diameter from 0.19 to 0.25 in. (4.8 to 6.4mm). The total pressure of the support and springs shall exerta force of 500 6 10 g on the gage block.3.3.2 The gage block for setting shall be located directly incontact with the movable anvil support ball contact. Theopposite side of the gage block shall
15、 be supported at threeplaces by hardened steel balls 0.09 to 0.12 in. (2.4 to 3.2 mm)in diameter and equilaterally spaced to form a triangle.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F01 onElectronics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.03 on MetallicMaterial
16、s.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2006. Published March 2006. Originallypublished in 1961 as F 16 61 T. Last previous edition approved in 2000 asF 16 67(2000).1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.3.3 The three ball cont
17、acts shall be securely fixed to asupport table and shall be movable for setting the measuringdevice by means of a precision adjusting screw. Provision shallbe made for securely locking the table in place after setting.4. Test Specimens4.1 Test specimens shall be selected at least 3 ft (0.9 m)from th
18、e end of a spool or coil of material and shall be straightand free from kinks, dents, or other damage that wouldinterfere with measuring accuracy.4.2 Wire or fine ribbon shall be drawn from the spool underuniformly low tension to prevent elongation. If the material isobviously contaminated with oil,
19、 dirt, or other foreign matter,it shall be drawn gently through a lint-free cloth, wet with asuitable solvent.5. Test Conditions5.1 The measuring device shall be used in a location that isclean and free of dust and lint. Vibration, drafts, direct heatfrom lamps, and temperature variations shall be m
20、inimized.The equipment shall be kept clean and covered when not inuse.5.2 For fine wire, smaller than 0.0008 in. (0.02 mm) indiameter, extra precautions shall be taken to avoid all possiblecauses (see 5.1) of inaccurate measurements. The measuringdevices shall be used in a small gage laboratory with
21、 tempera-ture variations kept to within6 5C. The equipment shall belaid out on a clean surface with tools and gage blocks on foamrubber pads. All equipment used for measuring, and thematerial samples, shall be stabilized by leaving them togetherin the gage room for at least 1 h. Gage blocks shall be
22、 handledwith tongs to prevent temperature variations.5.3 Gage blocks shall be recalibrated at least once everyyear, using the block calibration size for the calibration setting.Blocks must be carefully cleaned and handled to preventuneven wear with consequent introduction of errors into thegage sett
23、ing.5.4 The device shall be cleaned, calibrated, and set formeasuring by means of certified gage blocks or cylindricalmaster standards as specified in Section 10.6. Setting Measuring Apparatus6.1 Set the measuring apparatus by means of standards sothat the indicator hand or scale of the sensing devi
24、ce is at zerowhen adjusted for the nominal size of the material to bemeasured. This shall be done by means of certified cylindricalmaster standards for Apparatus A and by means of certifiedgage blocks for Apparatus B.6.2 Cylindrical master standards shall be certified for diam-eter, roundness, and s
25、urface finish by a metrology laboratory.The master cylinders of wire shall be made of hardened steelhaving a Rockwell hardness of C63 to C65, and lapped to afinish of 1 in. rms or a 4-in. height (0.0001 mm).6.3 Gage blocks shall be certified for length, flatness,parallelism, and surface finish by a
26、metrology laboratory. Theexact thickness of the blocks shall be reported to the nearestmicroinch (0.000025 mm) as measured near the center of eachblock. The surface finish shall be equivalent to 1 in. rms or a4-in. (0.0001-mm) height or better.6.4 Set Apparatus A for the nominal material size to bem
27、easured by placing a cylindrical master standard between thetwo anvils and adjusting the fixed anvil adjusting screw to geta zero reading on the sensing device. Raise and lower thesensing anvil against the standard several times and readjustthe screw until three consecutive zero readings are obtaine
28、d.6.5 Set Apparatus B for nominal material size to be mea-sured by means of gage blocks. Select two blocks with adifference equal to the nominal size of the material. Use theexact length of the blocks as taken from the last certification.Place the longer block between the three-ball support table an
29、dthe ball end of the anvil support block, and carefully seat nearthe center of the block. Turn the adjusting screw until theindicator on the sensing device is on zero. Raise the ball end ofthe anvil support block, remove the longer gage block, andreplace it with the shorter block in the same positio
30、n. This ineffect lowers the fixed measuring anvil from the first zerosetting by an amount equal to the nominal size of the materialFIG. 1 Measuring Apparatus A for Use with Cylindrical MasterStandards for Gage SettingFIG. 2 Measuring Apparatus B for Use with Gage BlockStandards for Gage SettingF 16
31、67 (2006)2to be measured. Leave this gage block in place while measure-ments are being made.6.6 To keep the effect of temperature variations to a mini-mum, handle each block with insulated tongs when placed intoposition. Both blocks may also be inserted and interchanged bymeans of a shifting device
32、for moving either block into theproper position. This keeps handling to a minimum andprevents hands from contacting the blocks when changing.7. Procedure A for Measuring Fine Round Wire7.1 Measure fine round wire less than 0.0008 in. (0.0203mm) in diameter with anvils as illustrated in Fig. 3 except
33、 fixedanvil shall have a radius of 1 in. (25.4 mm). Measure fine roundwire more than 0.0008 in. (0.0203 mm) and less than 0.010 in.(0.25 mm) in diameter with flat parallel anvils having adiameter from 0.115 in. to 0.135 in. (2.9 to 3.4 mm). Lap bothanvils flat and parallel and polish to a surface fi
34、nish of 1 in. r/sor a 4-in. (0.0001-mm) height. Observe the basic require-ments for measuring, including anvil pressure and overallprecision of the anvils and measuring apparatus, as specified inTable 1.7.2 Set the apparatus for measuring as specified in Section10. Retract the upper anvil by means o
35、f the lifting level andinsert the wire specimen between the anvils. Lower the sensinganvil against the specimen and read the deviation of thediameter from the nominal size directly on the indicator andscale of the sensing device. Report the wire size as the averageof three separate determinations ma
36、de on specimens from thesame spool.7.3 The wire specimen may be rotated between the anvilsfor out-of-roundness measurements as specified in Section 10.8. Procedure B for Measuring Large Round Wire8.1 Measure round wire, which is between 0.010 and 0.060in. (0.25 and 1.5 mm) in diameter, with combinat
37、ion flat andcylindrical anvils as illustrated in Fig. 3. Lap the measuringsurface of the sensing anvil (0.115 to 0.135 in. (2.93 to 3.43mm) diameter) and polish to a surface finish of 1 in. r/s or a4-in. (0.0001-mm) height. The fixed anvil shall be cylindricalin shape with a radius of approximately
38、0.040 in. (1.0 mm) anda length of approximately 0.4 in. (10 mm). Adjust the fixedanvil so that the contacting surfaces of the anvils are parallelwithin 0.00001 in. (0.00025 mm).8.2 A wire location guide may be used on one side of thefixed anvil for locating each piece of wire in approximately thesam
39、e position between the anvils. Observe the requirements formeasuring, including anvil pressure and maximum overallprecision of the anvils and measuring apparatus, as specified inTable 2.8.3 Set the apparatus for measuring as specified in Section6. Retract the sensing anvil and insert the wire specim
40、enbetween the anvils and against the back wire positioning guide.Lower the sensing anvil slowly against the specimen and readthe deviation of the wire diameter from the nominal size on thescale and indicator of the sensing device. Report the wirediameter as the average of three separate determinatio
41、ns madeon specimens from the same spool.8.4 The wire specimen may be rotated between anvils forout-of-roundness measurements as specified in Section 10.9. Procedure C for Measuring Thickness of Flat Wireand Ribbon9.1 Measure flat wire and ribbon by means of the followinganvils:9.1.1 For flat wire up
42、 to 0.060 in. (1.5 mm) in thickness usethe anvils specified in 8.1 and illustrated in Fig. 3.9.1.2 For ribbon and strip materials up to 0.030 in. (0.8 mm)in thickness measure with two cylindrical anvils crossed atright angles as illustrated in Fig. 4. The sensing anvil and thefixed anvil shall have
43、a radius of 0.40 in. (10 mm) and a lengthof approximately 0.40 in. (10 mm).9.2 Observe the requirements of measuring, including anvilpressure and maximum overall precision of the anvils andapparatus, as specified in Table 3.9.3 The measuring apparatus shall be set, calibrated andused as specified in
44、 Section 6 and 8.3.10. Measuring Out-of-Roundness10.1 The apparatus specified in Sections 7 and 8 formeasuring wire diameters shall be used for measuring out-of-roundness.10.2 For wire under 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) in diameter, holdthe wire in a rotating device designed to turn the wire about itslongitu
45、dinal axis between the anvils of the measuring device.10.3 For wire between 0.010 and 0.060 in. (0.25 and 1.5mm) in diameter, hold one end of the wire in a small pin viceor between the fingers and rotate it between the measuringanvils. One end of the wire may be turned up to form a flag sothat the d
46、egree of rotation may be observed.10.4 With a wire specimen between the anvils, retract thesensing anvil before each rotation of the wire and lower it againonto the specimen after the rotation has stopped. With heavierwire, having a degree of curvature, place the concave side ofthe curved surface ag
47、ainst the fixed anvil and rotate thespecimen a maximum of 180, between points where the planeof curvature is parallel to the plane of the fixed anvil face.10.5 Make sufficient readings to determine the minimumand maximum diameter of the material. Determine the extentof out-of-roundness by subtractin
48、g the minimum diameter fromthe maximum diameter reading. If the percent of out-of-roundness is required, calculate it as follows:Out2of2roundness, % 5max diam 2 min diam/max diam!3100FIG. 3 Arrangement of Anvils for Measuring Large Round WireF 16 67 (2006)311. Checking Anvil Errors11.1 A periodic ch
49、eck shall be made of the flatness andparallelism of the measuring anvils as follows:11.1.1 ApparatusThe apparatus shall consist of a mono-chromatic light source having a wavelength of 2946 , a smalloptical parallel having an accuracy of 2 in. r/s (0.00005 mm),a small ball gage of about 0.0625-in. (1.59-mm) radius, and acylindrical master standard wire gage of about 0.025 in.(0.635).11.1.2 Procedure:11.1.2.1 FlatnessWith parallel anvils, check the flatnesswith the small optical parallel. First clean the anvils with asuitable solvent and polish with a lint-free cloth
