1、Designation: F30 96 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Specification forIron-Nickel Sealing Alloys1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F30; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in
2、 parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers iron-nickel alloys that areintended primarily for sealing to glass in electronic applica-tions.NOTE 1Some of these alloy
3、s may be used for sealing to ceramics, butthis specification in its present form is not intended to cover material formetal-to-ceramic seals.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provi
4、ded for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regul
5、atorylimitations prior to use. The hazard statement pertains only tothe test method sections, Sections 10 and 12.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of
6、 International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDet
7、ermine Conformance with SpecificationsE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE228 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of SolidMaterials With a Push-Rod DilatometerF14 Practice for Making and Testing Reference Glass-MetalBead-SealF140 Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Butt S
8、ealsand Testing for Expansion Characteristics by PolarimetricMethodsF144 Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal SandwichSeal and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polari-metric Methods3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following informa
9、tion:3.1.1 Size,3.1.2 Temper (Section 6),3.1.3 Surface finish (Section 8),3.1.4 Marking and packaging (Section 16), and3.1.5 Certification if required.4. Chemical Composition4.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 1.5. Surface Lubricants5.1 Al
10、l lubricants used in processing shall be thoroughlyremoved. Protective coatings present on the material asshipped shall be readily removable by any of the commonorganic degreasing solvents.6. Temper6.1 The desired temper of the material shall be specified onthe purchase order. Unless otherwise speci
11、fied, wire, rod, bar,and tubing shall be given a final bright anneal by the manu-facturer. Strip and sheet shall be annealed properly to developdeep drawing properties. For deep drawing the hardness shallnot exceed Rockwell B82 for material 0.100 in. (2.54 mm) andless in thickness, and B85 for mater
12、ial over 0.100 in. thickwhen determined in accordance with Test Methods E18.7. Grain Size7.1 Strip and sheet for deep drawing applications shall havean average grain size not larger thanASTM No. 5 (Note 2) andno more than 10 % of the grains shall be larger than No. 5when measured in accordance with
13、Test Methods E112. For1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committtee F01 onElectronics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.03 on MetallicMaterials, Wire Bonding, and Flip Chip.Current edition approved June 1, 2017 Published June 2017. Originally approvedin 1977. La
14、st previous edition approved in 2012 as F3096 (2012). DOI:10.1520/F0030-96R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on
15、the ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDev
16、elopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1materials less than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) in thickness the grainsize shall be such that there are no less than 4 grains across thethickness.NOTE 2This cor
17、responds to a grain size of 0.065 mm or 16 grains/in.of image of 100.8. Surface Finish8.1 The standard surface finishes available shall be thoseresulting from the following operations:8.1.1 Hot-rolling,8.1.2 Forging,8.1.3 Centerless grinding (rod),8.1.4 Belt polishing,8.1.5 Cold rolling, and drawing
18、, and8.1.6 Wire drawing.9. Thermal Expansion Characteristics9.1 The average linear coefficients of thermal expansionshall be within the limits specified in Table 2.10. Test for Thermal Expansion10.1 Determine the thermal expansion characteristics with aprecision dilatometer after heating the specime
19、n as follows:10.1.1 Heat the specimen in a hydrogen atmosphere for 1 hat 900C and then cool it from 900 to 200C at a rate notexceeding 5C/min.10.1.2 The thermal expansion properties are determined inaccordance with Test Method E228.10.2 The thermal expansion match between the alloy and aglass may be
20、 evaluated by testing the assembly in accordancewith Practices F14, F140,orF144.11. Dimensions and Permissible Variations11.1 Cold-Rolled StripCold-rolled strip shall conform tothe permissible variations in dimensions prescribed in Table 3,Table 4, and Table 5.11.2 Round Wire and RodWire and rod sha
21、ll conform tothe permissible variations in dimension prescribed in Table 6.11.3 Cold-Drawn TubingCold-drawn tubing, available ei-ther as seamless or welded, shall conform to the permissiblevariations prescribed in Table 7.12. Rounding Results12.1 Observed or calculated values obtained from analysis,
22、measurements, or tests shall be rounded in accordance withPractice E29, to the nearest unit in the last right place of figuresused in expressing the specified limit.13. General Requirements13.1 The material shall be commercially smooth, uniform incross section, in composition, and in temper; it shal
23、l be freefrom scale, corrosion, porosity, cracks, seams, scratches,slivers, and other defects as best commercial practice willpermit.14. Packaging and Package Marking14.1 Packaging shall be subject to agreement between thepurchaser and the seller.14.2 The material as furnished under this specificati
24、on shallbe identified by the name or symbol of the manufacturer and bymelt number. The lot size for determining compliance with therequirements of this specification shall be one heat.15. Investigation of Claims15.1 Where any material fails to meet the requirements ofthis specification, the material
25、 so designated shall be handled inaccordance with the agreement mutually agreed upon by thepurchaser and the seller.16. Keywords16.1 glass-to-metal sealing applications; iron-nickel alloys;UNS K94600; UNS K94800; UNS N14052; vacuumelectronicsTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsComposition, %42 AlloyUNSK941
26、0046 AlloyUNSK9460048 AlloyUNSK9480051 Alloy52 AlloyUNSN14052Nickel,Anominal 41 46 48 51.5 50.5Manganese, max 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.60 0.60Silicon, max 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30Carbon, max 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05Chromium, max 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25Cobalt, maxBBBBBPhosphorus, max 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025
27、0 0.025Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.0250 0.025Aluminum, max 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.100 0.10Iron remainder remainder remainder remainder remainderAThe nickel contents listed are nominal. The nickel contents of the alloys shall beadjusted by the manufacturer so that the alloys meet the requirements for t
28、hermalexpansion.The 52Alloy is specifically intended to match lead (Pb) sealing glasses.BCobalt is present as an incidental element and shall be reported separately.TABLE 2 Thermal Expansion RequirementsAUNS Number Alloy No.TemperatureRange, CAverage LinearCoefficient ofThermalExpansion,m/mCK94100 4
29、2 30 to 300 4.0 to 4.730 to 450 6.7 to 7.4K94600 46 30 to 350 7.1 to 7.830 to 500 8.2 to 8.9K94800 48 30 to 400 8.2 to 9.230 to 550 9.6 to 10.3. 51 30 to 450 9.9 to 10.530 to 550 10.0 to 10.7N14052 52 30 to 450 9.7 to 10.230 to 550 10.0 to 10.5ATypical expansion data up to 1000C are given in the App
30、endix.F30 96 (2017)2TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Thickness of Cold-Rolled StripNOTE 1Measurements shall be made at least38 in. (9.5 mm) from the edge of strip that is over 1 in. (25.4 mm) wide.Specified Thickness, in. (mm)Permissible Variations in Thickness for Width Given, plus or minus, in. (
31、mm)Under 3 (76) Over 3 to 6 (76 to 152) Over 6 to 12 (152 to 305)Over 12 to 16 (305 to406)0.160 to 0.100 (4.06 to 2.54), incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.003 (0.076) 0.004 (0.102) 0.004 (0.102)0.099 to 0.069 (2.51 to 1.75), incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076) 0.004 (0.102)0.068 to 0.050 (1.73 to 1.27
32、), incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076)0.049 to 0.035 (1.24 to 0.89), incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.0025 (0.064) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076)0.034 to 0.029 (0.86 to 0.74), incl 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051) 0.0025 (0.064) 0.0025 (0.064)0.028 to 0.026 (0.71 to 0.66), incl 0.0015 (0.038)
33、0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051) 0.002 (0.051)0.025 to 0.020 (0.64 to 0.51), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051) 0.002 (0.051)0.019 to 0.017 (0.48 to 0.43), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051)0.016 to 0.012 (0.41 to 0.31), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.
34、038) 0.0015 (0.038)0.011 to 0.0101 (0.28 to 0.26), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038)0.010 to 0.0091 (0.25 to 0.23), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025)0.009 to 0.006 (0.23 to 0.15), incl 0.00075 (0.019) 0.00075 (0.019) . .Under 0.006 (0.15) 0.0005
35、 (0.013) 0.0005 (0.013) . .TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Thickness Across Width of Cold-Rolled StripSpecified Thickness, in. (mm)Maximum Variation in Thickness Across Width of Strip (Within Limits Specified in Table 3 for EdgeMeasurements) for Widths and Thicknesses Given, in. (mm)5 (127) and un
36、der Over 5 to 12 (127 to 305)Over 12 to 24 (305to 610), incl0.005 to 0.010 (0.13 to 0.25), incl 0.00075 (0.019) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038)Over 0.010 to 0.025 (0.25 to 0.64), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051)Over 0.025 to 0.065 (0.64 to 1.65), incl 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051) 0.0025
37、(0.064)Over 0.065 to316 (1.65 to 4.8), excl 0.002 (0.051) 0.0025 (0.064) 0.003 (0.076)TABLE 5 Permissible Variations in Width of Coil-Rolled Strip Supplied in CoilsSpecified Thickness, in. (mm)Permissible Variations in Width for Widths Given, plus or minus, in. (mm)Under12 to316 (12.7to 4.8)12 to 6
38、(12.7 to 152)Over 6 to 9 (152 to229)Over 9 to 12 (229 to305)Over 12 to 20 (305 to508)0.187 to 0.161 (4.75 to 4.09) . 0.016 (0.41) 0.020 (0.51) 0.020 (0.51) 0.031 (0.79)0.160 to 0.100 (4.06 to 2.54) 0.010 (0.25) 0.010 (0.25) 0.016 (0.41) 0.016 (0.41) 0.020 (0.51)0.099 to 0.069 (2.51 to 1.75) 0.008 (0
39、.20) 0.008 (0.20) 0.010 (0.25) 0.010 (0.25) 0.016 (0.41)0.068 (1.73) and under 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13) 0.010 (0.25) 0.016 (0.41)F30 96 (2017)3APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. THERMAL EXPANSION DATAX1.1 Typical thermal expansion data for the alloys coveredby this specification are
40、 given in Table X1.1 for informationonly.TABLE 6 Permissible Variations in Diameter of Wire and RodSpecified Diameter, in. (mm) Permissible Variations in Diameter, plus or minus, in. (mm)Wire (Coiled, Spooled, or Straight Lengths)0.002 to 0.0043 (0.051 to 0.109) 0.002 (0.051)0.0044 to 0.0079 (0.112
41、to 0.201) 0.00025 (0.006)0.008 to 0.0149 (0.203 to 0.378) 0.0003 (0.007)0.015 to 0.0199 (0.381 to 0.505) 0.0004 (0.010)0.020 to 0.0309 (0.508 to 0.785) 0.0005 (0.013)0.031 to 0.0409 (0.787 to 1.039) 0.0006 (0.015)0.041 to 0.0609 (1.041 to 1.547) 0.0007 (0.018)0.061 to 0.0809 (1.549 to 2.055) 0.0008
42、(0.020)0.081 to 0.1259 (2.057 to 3.198) 0.001 (0.025)0.126 to 0.1569 (3.200 to 3.985) 0.0015 (0.038)0.157 to 0.250 (3.99 to 6.35) 0.002 (0.051)Rod, Centerless Ground Finish (Straight Lengths)0.030 to 0.0549 (0.762 to 1.394) 0.0005 (0.013)0.055 to 0.1249 (1.397 to 3.172) 0.001 (0.025)0.125 to 0.499 (
43、3.175 to 12.67) 0.0015 (0.038)0.500 to 0.999 (12.70 to 25.38) 0.002 (0.051)1.000 to 1.625 (25.40 to 41.27) 0.0025 (0.064)1.626 to 1.749 (41.30 to 44.43) 0.003 (0.076)1.750 to 1.999 (44.45 to 50.78) 0.004 (0.102)2.000 to 4.000 (50.80 to 101.60) 0.005 (0.13)TABLE 7 Permissible Variations in Dimensions
44、 of Standard TubingASpecified Outside Diameter, in. (mm) Outside Diameter, in. (mm) Inside Diameter, in. (mm) Wall Thickness, plus or minus, %Under332 (2.4) + 0.002 (0.051) + 0.000 100.000 0.002 (0.051)332 to316 (2.4 to 4.8), excl + 0.003 (0.076) + 0.000 100.000 0.003 (0.076)316 to12 (4.8 to 12.7),
45、excl + 0.004 (0.102) + 0.000 100.000 0.004 (0.102)12 to 112 (12.7 to 38.1), excl + 0.005 (0.127)0.000+ 0.0000.005 (0.127)10F30 96 (2017)4ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this sta
46、ndard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years an
47、dif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,
48、which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-295
49、9,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ X1.1 Typical Results of Thermal Expansion TestsTemperature Range, C Average Linear Coefficient of The
