1、Designation: F381 11An American National StandardStandard Safety Specification forComponents, Assembly, Use, and Labeling of ConsumerTrampolines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in th
2、e case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This safety specification covers the components, theassembly, and the use of consumer
3、trampolines.1.2 This specification is delimited in its application totrampolines of (1) a minimum bed size of 3300 in.2(21 300cm2), (2) a minimum height of 20 in. (51 cm), (3) intended forthe purpose of continuous, vertical jumping activities and (4)intended for consumer use.1.3 This specification i
4、s intended (1) to reduce the demon-strated hazards associated with the use of trampolines byconsumers; (2) for trampolines used in a home environment bya single user; and (3) not to apply to institutional trampolinesor trampolines intended for use on water. Trampolines thatadhere to this specificati
5、on are not recommended for use bychildren under six years of age.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard do
6、es not purport to address all of thehazards associated with trampolines. The standards existencealone will not necessarily prevent injuries. Like other physicalactivities, trampoline use involves the risk of injury, particu-larly if the equipment is used improperly.1.6 This standard does not purport
7、 to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This specification includes the following sec
8、tions andselected subsections.Title Section NumberScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Included Components 4Materials and Manufacture 5Environmental Conditioning 5.3UV Exposure 5.3Performance Requirements 6Shock Attenuation 6.1Drop Test 6.2Drop test weight and impactor shape. 6.2.5Drop test pro
9、cedure. 6.2.6Padding Attachment System Strength 6.3Padding Attachment System Strength TestProcedure6.3.1Drop Test for Trampoline Edge Survivability 6.4Drop Test Procedure for TrampolinesWhere Frame Padding Is Not Required6.4.1Crush and Shear Points 6.5Ultraviolet (UV) Resistant Materials Test 6.6Sta
10、tic Load Tests 6.7Static Load Test on Trampoline Bed 6.7.1Static Load Test on Trampoline Frame 6.7.2Procedure for Static Load Tests 6.7.4Information Packet: 7Packet Marketing and Contents 7.1Assembly and Installation Instructions 7.2Care and Maintenance Instructions 7.3Warning Information 7.4Use Ins
11、tructions 7.5Product Marking: 8Identification 8.1On-Trampoline Warnings 8.2Instruction Sign 8.3Packaging and Package Marking 9Access Devices: 10Trampoline Ladders 10.1Ladder Warning 10.2Keywords 11Appendix2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparat
12、usD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometerHardnessF355 Test Method for Impact Attenuation of Playing Sur-face Systems and Materials1This safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 onSports Equipment and Facilities and
13、 is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF08.17 on Trampolines and Related Equipment.Current edition approved May 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originallyapproved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F381 09a. DOI:10.1520/F0381-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM webs
14、ite, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United Stat
15、es.F2225 Safety Specification for Consumer Trampoline En-closures2.2 AATCC Standard:3AATCC Method 1692.3 ANSI Standard:4ANSI Z535.4 Product Safety Signs and Labels3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 access device, ndevice used for access to or egressfrom a trampoli
16、ne bed including, but not limited to, trampolineladders.3.1.2 bed, nflexible surface which the user contacts in thecourse of bouncing on a trampoline.3.1.3 bouncing, naction considered as normal use of atrampoline consisting of continuous, vertical jumping whereineach landing is in near proximity to
17、 the previous landing.3.1.4 consumer trampoline, ntrampoline intended for usein a home environment.3.1.5 folding-type trampoline, ntrampoline whose framecan be folded when not in use. See portable.3.1.6 frame, nframework constructed of rigid supportivematerials from which the bed is suspended.3.1.7
18、frame padding, nshock-attenuating protective de-vice(s) that attaches to the frame to cover the frame andsuspension system in the plane of the bed.3.1.8 institutional trampoline, ntrampoline intended foruse in a commercial or institutional facility.3.1.9 ladder, nsee trampoline ladder.3.1.10 legs, n
19、the framework constructed of rigid materi-als which support the frame above the ground or floor.3.1.11 mat, ncommon, though non-preferred term refer-ring to bed.3.1.12 portable, adjable to be easily moved withoutdisassembly, though usually requiring the assistance of devicessuch as roller stands. Fo
20、lding-type trampolines are oftenintended to be portable.3.1.13 roller stand, ndevice that is used to assist inrolling/moving a folding-type trampoline frame.3.1.14 suspension system, nbed-supporting system madeup of elastic devices that connect the bed to the frame, forexample, steel extension sprin
21、gs.3.1.15 trampoline, nrebound device activated by verticaljumping, upon which gymnastics skills and exercises areperformed.3.1.16 trampoline ladder, nladder-like device specificallydesigned for use with a trampoline and designed to be easilyremovable.4. Included Components4.1 When a trampoline is o
22、ffered for sale, it shall include thefollowing: (1) a frame, (2) a bed, (3) a suspension system, (4)frame padding (where the frame is in the plane of the bed), (5)an enclosure in compliance with Safety Specification F2225,(6) an information packet, and (7) suitable markings.4.2 When a trampoline is
23、offered for sale, a trampolineladder shall not be included as a component part or within thesame packaging.4.3 When a portable trampoline is offered for sale, it shallinclude all of the components in 4.1 plus appropriate rollerstands.4.3.1 For folding-type trampolines, the information in 7.5.1and 8.
24、3.3 shall also include the following:4.3.1.1 Use two or more strong people to open and closefolding-type trampolines.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The suspension system shall be designed so as to protectthe performer from injury due to contact with the sharp ends ofthe trampoline springs.5.2 The f
25、rame padding, where required, shall be designed toremain securely attached to the frame when tested to therequirements of 6.2 and 6.3. All tests shall be conducted atambient temperatures (nominally 68 6 5F (20 6 3C).5.3 Materials used in any pad cover, frame padding, coverattachments, tie down(s), a
26、nd pad seams normally exposed tosunlight shall be made from ultraviolet (UV) resistant materi-als.5.4 Except for necessary seams, the frame padding, whererequired, shall cover the entire top surface of the frame and bewide enough to completely cover the entire top surface of thesuspension system and
27、 frame when subjected to the testsspecified in 6.2.5.5 The frame padding shall be of a color which contrastswith the color of the trampoline bed.5.6 Height of the bed from the ground or floor shall besufficient to prevent the bed from contacting the ground or floorwhile bouncing when tested to the r
28、equirements of 6.7.5.7 The trampoline shall be designed such that no part of theframe or legs can be contacted by the bed while bouncing.5.8 All information, instructions, and warnings shall beprovided in English in addition to any other formats used, forexample, graphical, video, multilingual, etc.
29、5.9 When installed in accordance with the manufacturersinstructions, fasteners, lock washers, self-locking nuts, or otherlocking means shall be provided for all nuts and bolts to protectthem from unintentional loosening; self-locking nuts must fullyengage with the bolt. Hardware in moving joints sha
30、ll also besecured against unintentional loosening. Any other fasteningsystems shall comply with the requirement that effectivelocking requires two separate and distinct motions for release.5.10 There shall be no accessible sharp points or edges onfasteners. A cut-off bolt end projecting beyond the f
31、ace of thenut shall be free of burrs, sharp points, and sharp edges. Anaccessible bolt end shall not extend more than two full threadsbeyond the face of a nut. No protruding screw or nut and boltassembly shall have the potential to cause injury during normaluse of the trampoline.5.11 All fasteners s
32、hall be corrosion resistant to a levelwhere no rust is evident after a 24-h salt spray test to PracticeB117.3Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http:/www.aatcc.org.4Available from American National Standards
33、 Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.F381 1125.12 No welds shall be made to any steel frame or accessorycomponent with a thickness of less than 0.059 in. (1.5 mm).5.13 No “saddle” welds shall be made to any steel frame oraccessory component with a thickness of less than 0.
34、071 in.(1.8 mm). An example of a saddle-welded tee fitting is shownin Fig. 1.5.14 All welded joints shall be rendered corrosion resistantto a level where no rust is evident after a 24-h salt spray test toPractice B117.5.15 Welds should appear fit for purpose with good fusion.5.16 No component shall
35、be capable of presenting a hazardof impalement above the bed surface, during foreseeable use orlikely abuse.5.17 There shall be no accessible burrs, sharp points, orsharp edges on tubing. Suitable end caps may meet thisrequirement.6. Performance Requirements6.1 Shock AttenuationWhere padding is requ
36、ired, theshock-attenuating material used in the frame padding, asmeasured to include the frame and a minimum of 2 in. from theinside edge of the frame, shall limit the severity index to lessthan 450, when the same thickness as used in the framepadding is tested in accordance with Test Method F355 us
37、inga 20-lb (9-kg), 20-in.2(129-cm2) round, flat head dropped froma distance of 2 ft (61 cm).6.1.1 Where padding is not required, the shock attenuatingproperties of any part of the trampoline edge shall limit theseverity index to less than 450, when tested on a fullyassembled trampoline in accordance
38、 with Test Method F355using a 20-lb (9-kg), 20-in.2(129 cm2) round, flat headdropped from a distance of 2 ft (61 cm).6.2 Drop TestA drop test will be performed on the framepadding attached to a trampoline and assembled in accordancewith the manufacturers instructions. The drop test shall use theequi
39、pment and procedures described in 6.2.5 and 6.2.6.Asaresult of the test:6.2.1 The impactor shall not tear the cover or completelypenetrate the padding;6.2.2 Seams of the padding shall not separate;6.2.3 The pad attachments shall not separate from the pad orframe; and6.2.4 The padding shall continue
40、to cover the frame,springs, and frame hardware when the impactor is removedfrom the surface of the padding.6.2.5 Drop Test Weight and Impactor ShapeThe dropweight will consist of a 23-kg (50-lb) mass with a woodenimpacting surface. See Fig. 2. The edges of the impact surfaceare radiused and the heel
41、 and toe of the surface are contouredas shown in Fig. 2.6.2.6 Drop Test ProcedureThe impactor shall be droppedin a guided free-fall to contact the surface of the padding. Thesurface of the impactor shall be flat and parallel (within 5) tothe surface of the padding on the initial contact with the pad
42、.The impactor shall be dropped on the portion of the paddingcovering the springs. The impactor shall be centered to impactat a location midway between the inner edge of the frame railand the edge of the trampoline bed. The impactor shall beraised to a height of 12 in. (tolerance -0/+5 in.) (305 mm-0
43、/+13 mm) above the surface of the padding. The impactorshall be dropped at a minimum of two times near each of thefollowing locations, consistent with the required spacing cen-tered between the springs:6.2.6.1 Midway between attachment points,FIG. 1 Saddle Welded Tee FittingF381 1136.2.6.2 Adjacent
44、to an attachment point,6.2.6.3 At a pad seam, and6.2.6.4 Above a leg.6.2.7 After the first impact, the impactor shall be raised toits initial drop height. The results of the test with regard to padintegrity and coverage will be assessed. The padding shall notbe disturbed after removal of the impacto
45、r. The impactor isdropped a second time and the results recorded.6.3 Padding Attachment System TestsThe test describedin 6.3.1 is intended to measure the ability of the paddingattachment system to keep the frame pad in place whensubjected to typical forces imposed by users. The test in 6.3.1simulate
46、s a user climbing onto the trampoline by holding on tothe edge of the padding and climbing onto the bed of thetrampoline. The test is conducted on a fully assembled tram-poline with padding attached, according to the manufacturersinstructions.6.3.1 Padding Retention:6.3.1.1 Secure the fully assemble
47、d trampoline to the floor orbrace it to prevent movement of the trampoline as a result ofthe applied forces.6.3.1.2 Place the trampoline pad pull fixture shown in Fig. 3with the fixture hooks facing down on the trampoline pad. Thefixture hook opening may be either of fixed thickness, adjust-able to
48、the padding thickness, or V-shaped.6.3.1.3 Fixed thickness hooks shall be the thickness of thepadding 618 in. (63 mm). Adjustable fixture hooks shall beadjusted to the thickness of the pad. Adjustable hooks shall beadjusted to the thickness of the padding 618 in. (63 mm).V-shaped hooks shall not com
49、press the padding thickness morethan18 in. (3 mm).6.3.1.4 Attach the fixture to the pad. Grasp the insidediameter edge of the frame pad as shown in Fig. 4.6.3.1.5 Using the outboard hook of the fixture, graduallyapply a horizontal force of 85 6 5 lbf (380 6 20 N) parallel tothe plane of the mat and radially outward from the center of thetrampoline. Apply the force at each of three locations shown inFig. 4 such that: (1) a pad attachment tie down is centeredbetween the fixture arms, (2) the fixture is centered betweenadjacent pad attachment tie d
