1、Designation: F381 13 An American National StandardStandard Safety Specification forComponents, Assembly, Use, and Labeling of ConsumerTrampolines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in t
2、he case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This safety specification covers the components, theassembly, and the use of consumer
3、 trampolines.1.2 This specification is delimited in its application totrampolines of (1) a minimum bed size of 3300 in.2(21 300cm2), (2) a minimum height of 20 in. (51 cm), (3) intended forthe purpose of continuous, vertical jumping activities and (4)intended for consumer use.1.3 This specification
4、is intended (1) to reduce the demon-strated hazards associated with the use of trampolines byconsumers; (2) for trampolines used in a home environment bya single user; and (3) not to apply to institutional trampolinesor trampolines intended for use on water. Trampolines thatadhere to this specificat
5、ion are not recommended for use bychildren under six years of age.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard d
6、oes not purport to address all of thehazards associated with trampolines. The standards existencealone will not necessarily prevent injuries. Like other physicalactivities, trampoline use involves the risk of injury, particu-larly if the equipment is used improperly.1.6 This standard does not purpor
7、t to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This specification includes the following se
8、ctions andselected subsections.Title Section NumberScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Included Components 4Materials and Manufacture 5Environmental Conditioning 5.3UV Exposure 5.3Performance Requirements 6Shock Attenuation 6.1Drop Test 6.2Drop test weight and impactor shape. 6.2.5Drop test pr
9、ocedure. 6.2.6Padding Attachment System Strength 6.3Padding Attachment System Strength TestProcedure6.3.1Drop Test for Trampoline Edge Survivability 6.4Drop Test Procedure for TrampolinesWhere Frame Padding Is Not Required6.4.1Crush and Shear Points 6.5Ultraviolet (UV) Resistant Materials Test 6.6St
10、atic Load Tests 6.7Static Load Test on Trampoline Bed 6.7.1Static Load Test on Trampoline Frame 6.7.2Procedure for Static Load Tests 6.7.4Information Packet: 7Packet Marketing and Contents 7.1Assembly and Installation Instructions 7.2Care and Maintenance Instructions 7.3Warning Information 7.4Use In
11、structions 7.5Product Marking: 8Identification 8.1On-Trampoline Warnings 8.2Instruction Sign 8.3Packaging and Package Marking 9Access Devices: 10Trampoline Ladders 10.1Ladder Warning 10.2Keywords 11Appendix2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Appara
12、tusD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessF355 Test Method for ImpactAttenuation of Playing SurfaceSystems and MaterialsF2225 Safety Specification for Consumer Trampoline Enclo-sures1This safety specification is under the jurisdicti
13、on of ASTM Committee F08 onSports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.17 on Trampolines and Related Equipment.Current edition approved June 1, 2013. Published June 2013. Originallyapproved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as
14、F381 11. DOI:10.1520/F0381-13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 1
15、00 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.2 AATCC Standard:3AATCC Method 1692.3 ANSI Standard:4ANSI Z535.4 Product Safety Signs and Labels3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 access device, ndevice used for access to or egr
16、essfrom a trampoline bed including, but not limited to, trampolineladders.3.1.2 bed, nflexible surface which the user contacts in thecourse of bouncing on a trampoline.3.1.3 bouncing, naction considered as normal use of atrampoline consisting of continuous, vertical jumping whereineach landing is in
17、 near proximity to the previous landing.3.1.4 consumer trampoline, ntrampoline intended for usein a home environment.3.1.5 folding-type trampoline, ntrampoline whose framecan be folded when not in use. See portable.3.1.6 frame, nframework constructed of rigid supportivematerials from which the bed i
18、s suspended.3.1.7 frame padding, nshock-attenuating protective de-vice(s) that attaches to the frame to cover the frame andsuspension system in the plane of the bed.3.1.8 institutional trampoline, ntrampoline intended foruse in a commercial or institutional facility.3.1.9 ladder, nsee trampoline lad
19、der.3.1.10 legs, nthe framework constructed of rigid materialswhich support the frame above the ground or floor.3.1.11 mat, ncommon, though non-preferred term refer-ring to bed.3.1.12 portable, adjable to be easily moved withoutdisassembly, though usually requiring the assistance of devicessuch as r
20、oller stands. Folding-type trampolines are oftenintended to be portable.3.1.13 roller stand, ndevice that is used to assist inrolling/moving a folding-type trampoline frame.3.1.14 suspension system, nbed-supporting system madeup of elastic devices that connect the bed to the frame, forexample, steel
21、 extension springs.3.1.15 trampoline, nrebound device activated by verticaljumping, upon which gymnastics skills and exercises areperformed.3.1.16 trampoline ladder, nladder-like device specificallydesigned for use with a trampoline and designed to be easilyremovable.4. Included Components4.1 When a
22、 trampoline is offered for sale, it shall include thefollowing: (1) a frame, (2) a bed, (3) a suspension system, (4)frame padding (where the frame is in the plane of the bed), (5)an enclosure in compliance with Safety Specification F2225,(6) an information packet, and (7) suitable markings.4.2 When
23、a trampoline is offered for sale, a trampolineladder shall not be included as a component part or within thesame packaging.4.3 When a portable trampoline is offered for sale, it shallinclude all of the components in 4.1 plus appropriate rollerstands.4.3.1 For folding-type trampolines, the informatio
24、n in 7.5.1and 8.3.3 shall also include the following:4.3.1.1 Use two or more strong people to open and closefolding-type trampolines.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The suspension system shall be designed so as to protectthe performer from injury due to contact with the sharp ends ofthe trampoline s
25、prings.5.2 The frame padding, where required, shall be designed toremain securely attached to the frame when tested to therequirements of 6.2 and 6.3. All tests shall be conducted atambient temperatures (nominally 68 6 5F (20 6 3C).5.3 Materials used in any pad cover, frame padding, coverattachments
26、, tie down(s), and pad seams normally exposed tosunlight shall be made from ultraviolet (UV) resistant materi-als.5.4 Except for necessary seams, the frame padding, whererequired, shall cover the entire top surface of the frame and bewide enough to completely cover the entire top surface of thesuspe
27、nsion system and frame when subjected to the testsspecified in 6.2.5.5 The frame padding shall be of a color which contrastswith the color of the trampoline bed.5.6 Height of the bed from the ground or floor shall besufficient to prevent the bed from contacting the ground or floorwhile bouncing when
28、 tested to the requirements of 6.7.5.7 The trampoline shall be designed such that no part of theframe or legs can be contacted by the bed while bouncing.5.8 All information, instructions, and warnings shall beprovided in English in addition to any other formats used, forexample, graphical, video, mu
29、ltilingual, etc.5.9 When installed in accordance with the manufacturersinstructions, fasteners, lock washers, self-locking nuts, or otherlocking means shall be provided for all nuts and bolts to protectthem from unintentional loosening; self-locking nuts must fullyengage with the bolt. Hardware in m
30、oving joints shall also besecured against unintentional loosening. Any other fasteningsystems shall comply with the requirement that effectivelocking requires two separate and distinct motions for release.5.10 There shall be no accessible sharp points or edges onfasteners. A cut-off bolt end project
31、ing beyond the face of thenut shall be free of burrs, sharp points, and sharp edges. Anaccessible bolt end shall not extend more than two full threadsbeyond the face of a nut. No protruding screw or nut and bolt3Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC), P.O. Box 1
32、2215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http:/www.aatcc.org.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.F381 132assembly shall have the potential to cause injury during normaluse of the trampoline.5.11 All fasteners shall be corrosion re
33、sistant to a levelwhere no rust is evident after a 24-h salt spray test to PracticeB117.5.12 No welds shall be made to any steel frame or accessorycomponent with a thickness of less than 0.059 in. (1.5 mm).5.13 No “saddle” welds shall be made to any steel frame oraccessory component with a thickness
34、 of less than 0.071 in.(1.8 mm). An example of a saddle-welded tee fitting is shownin Fig. 1.5.14 All welded joints shall be rendered corrosion resistantto a level where no rust is evident after a 24-h salt spray test toPractice B117.5.15 Welds should appear fit for purpose with good fusion.5.16 No
35、component shall be capable of presenting a hazardof impalement above the bed surface, during foreseeable use orlikely abuse.5.17 There shall be no accessible burrs, sharp points, orsharp edges on tubing. Suitable end caps may meet thisrequirement.6. Performance Requirements6.1 Shock AttenuationWhere
36、 padding is required, theshock-attenuating material used in the frame padding, asmeasured to include the frame and a minimum of 2 in. from theinside edge of the frame, shall limit the severity index to lessthan 450, when the same thickness as used in the framepadding is tested in accordance with Tes
37、t Method F355 usinga 20-lb (9-kg), 20-in.2(129-cm2) round, flat head dropped froma distance of 2 ft (61 cm).6.1.1 Where padding is not required, the shock attenuatingproperties of any part of the trampoline edge shall limit theseverity index to less than 450, when tested on a fullyassembled trampoli
38、ne in accordance with Test Method F355using a 20-lb (9-kg), 20-in.2(129 cm2) round, flat headdropped from a distance of 2 ft (61 cm).6.2 Drop TestA drop test will be performed on the framepadding attached to a trampoline and assembled in accordancewith the manufacturers instructions. The drop test s
39、hall use theequipment and procedures described in 6.2.5 and 6.2.6.Asaresult of the test:6.2.1 The impactor shall not tear the cover or completelypenetrate the padding;6.2.2 Seams of the padding shall not separate;6.2.3 The pad attachments shall not separate from the pad orframe; and6.2.4 The padding
40、 shall continue to cover the frame,springs, and frame hardware when the impactor is removedfrom the surface of the padding.6.2.5 Drop Test Weight and Impactor ShapeThe dropweight will consist of a 23-kg (50-lb) mass with a woodenimpacting surface. See Fig. 2. The edges of the impact surfaceare radiu
41、sed and the heel and toe of the surface are contouredas shown in Fig. 2.6.2.6 Drop Test ProcedureThe impactor shall be droppedin a guided free-fall to contact the surface of the padding. Thesurface of the impactor shall be flat and parallel (within 5) tothe surface of the padding on the initial cont
42、act with the pad.The impactor shall be dropped on the portion of the paddingFIG. 1 Saddle Welded Tee FittingF381 133covering the springs. The impactor shall be centered to impactat a location midway between the inner edge of the frame railand the edge of the trampoline bed. The impactor shall berais
43、ed to a height of 12 in. (tolerance -0/+5 in.) (305 mm-0/+13 mm) above the surface of the padding. The impactorshall be dropped at a minimum of two times near each of thefollowing locations, consistent with the required spacing cen-tered between the springs:6.2.6.1 Midway between attachment points,6
44、.2.6.2 Adjacent to an attachment point,6.2.6.3 At a pad seam, and6.2.6.4 Above a leg.6.2.7 After the first impact, the impactor shall be raised toits initial drop height. The results of the test with regard to padintegrity and coverage will be assessed. The padding shall notbe disturbed after remova
45、l of the impactor. The impactor isdropped a second time and the results recorded.6.3 Padding Attachment System TestsThe test described in6.3.1 is intended to measure the ability of the paddingattachment system to keep the frame pad in place whensubjected to typical forces imposed by users. The test
46、in 6.3.1simulates a user climbing onto the trampoline by holding on tothe edge of the padding and climbing onto the bed of thetrampoline. The test is conducted on a fully assembled tram-poline with padding attached, according to the manufacturersinstructions.6.3.1 Padding Retention:6.3.1.1 Secure th
47、e fully assembled trampoline to the floor orbrace it to prevent movement of the trampoline as a result ofthe applied forces.6.3.1.2 Place the trampoline pad pull fixture shown in Fig. 3with the fixture hooks facing down on the trampoline pad. Thefixture hook opening may be either of fixed thickness,
48、 adjust-able to the padding thickness, or V-shaped.6.3.1.3 Fixed thickness hooks shall be the thickness of thepadding 618 in. (63 mm). Adjustable fixture hooks shall beadjusted to the thickness of the pad. Adjustable hooks shall beadjusted to the thickness of the padding 618 in. (63 mm).V-shaped hoo
49、ks shall not compress the padding thickness morethan18 in. (3 mm).6.3.1.4 Attach the fixture to the pad. Grasp the insidediameter edge of the frame pad as shown in Fig. 4.6.3.1.5 Using the outboard hook of the fixture, graduallyapply a horizontal force of 85 6 5 lbf (380 6 20 N) parallel tothe plane of the mat and radially outward from the center of thetrampoline. Apply the force at each of three locations shown inFIG. 2 Drop-Test Impactor ShapeF381 134Fig. 4 such that: (1) a pad attachment tie down is centeredbetween the fixture arms, (2) the
