1、Designation: F381 14F381 15 An American National StandardStandard Safety Specification forComponents, Assembly, Use, and Labeling of ConsumerTrampolines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption o
2、r, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This safety specification covers the components, the assembly, and the use of cons
3、umer trampolines.1.2 This specification is delimited in its application to trampolines of (1) a minimum bed size of 3300 in.2 (21 300 cm2), (2)a minimum height of 20 in. (51 cm), (3) intended for the purpose of continuous, vertical jumping activities and (4) intended forconsumer use.1.3 This specifi
4、cation is intended (1) to reduce the demonstrated hazards associated with the use of trampolines by consumers;(2) for trampolines used in a home environment by a single user; and (3) not to apply to institutional trampolines or trampolinesintended for use on water. Trampolines that adhere to this sp
5、ecification are not recommended for use by children under six yearsof age.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This
6、standard does not purport to address all of the hazards associated with trampolines. The standards existence alonewill not necessarily prevent injuries. Like other physical activities, trampoline use involves the risk of injury, particularly if theequipment is used improperly.1.6 This standard does
7、not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.7 This specification includes the foll
8、owing sections and selected subsections.Title Section NumberScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Included Components 4Materials and Manufacture 5Design Requirements 5.2Performance Requirements 5.3Performance Requirements 6Shock Attenuation 6.1Drop Test 6.2Drop test weight and impactor shape. 6.
9、2.5Drop test procedure. 6.2.6Padding Attachment System Strength 6.3Padding Attachment System Strength TestProcedure6.3.1Drop Test for Trampoline Edge Survivability 6.4Drop Test Procedure for TrampolinesWhere Frame Padding Is Not Required6.4.1Crush and Shear Points 6.5Ultraviolet (UV) Resistant Mater
10、ials Test 6.6Static Load Tests 6.7Static Load Test on Trampoline Bed 6.7.1Static Load Test on Trampoline Frame 6.7.2Procedure for Static Load Tests 6.7.41 This safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct
11、 responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.17 on Trampolines and Related Equipment.Current edition approved May 15, 2014July 1, 2015. Published June 2014August 2015. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20132014 asF381 13.F381 14. DOI: 10.1520/F0381-14.10.1520/F0381-15.This documen
12、t is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as app
13、ropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Information Packet: 7Packet Marketing and Contents 7.1Assemb
14、ly and Installation Instructions 7.2Care and Maintenance Instructions 7.3Warning Information 7.4Use Instructions 7.5Product Marking: 8Identification 8.1On-Trampoline Warnings 8.2Instruction Sign 8.3Packaging and Package Marking 9Access Devices: 10Trampoline Ladders 10.1Ladder Warning 10.2Keywords 11
15、Appendix2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer HardnessF355 Test Method for Impact Attenuation of Playing Surface Systems and MaterialsF1487 Con
16、sumer Safety Performance Specification for Playground Equipment for Public UseF2225 Safety Specification for Consumer Trampoline EnclosuresF2774 Practice for Manufacturing Quality Control of Consumer Trampoline Bed Material2.2 AATCC Standard:3AATCC Method 1692.3 ANSI Standard:4ANSI Z535.4 Product Sa
17、fety Signs and Labels2.4 Federal Standards:516 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point in Toys and OtherArticles Intended for Use by ChildrenUnder 8 Years of Age16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys and Other Articles Inten
18、ded forUse by Children Under 8 Years of Age3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 access device, ndevice used for access to or egress from a trampoline bed including, but not limited to, trampolineladders.3.1.2 bed, nflexible surface which the user contacts in the cou
19、rse of bouncing on a trampoline.3.1.3 bouncing, naction considered as normal use of a trampoline consisting of continuous, vertical jumping wherein eachlanding is in near proximity to the previous landing.3.1.4 consumer trampoline, ntrampoline intended for use in a home environment.3.1.5 folding-typ
20、e trampoline, ntrampoline whose frame can be folded when not in use. See portable.3.1.6 frame, nframework constructed of rigid supportive materials from which the bed is suspended.3.1.7 frame padding, nshock-attenuating protective device(s) that attaches to the frame to cover the frame and suspensio
21、nsystem in the plane of the bed.3.1.8 institutional trampoline, ntrampoline intended for use in a commercial or institutional facility.3.1.9 ladder, nsee trampoline ladder.3.1.10 legs, nthe framework constructed of rigid materials which support the frame above the ground or floor.3.1.11 mat, ncommon
22、, though non-preferred term referring to bed.3.1.12 maximum specified user weight, nmaximum weight of a user as specified by the manufacturer.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolu
23、me information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http:/www.aatcc.org.4 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W.
24、 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.5 Available from U. S. Government Accountability Office (GAO), 441 G St., NW, Washington, DC 20548, http:/www.gao.gov.F381 1523.1.12.1 DiscussionThe manufacturer must ensure the maximum specified user weight meets the requirements of Section 6.3.1.13 portable
25、, adjable to be easily moved without disassembly, though usually requiring the assistance of devices such asroller stands. Folding-type trampolines are often intended to be portable.3.1.14 roller stand, ndevice that is used to assist in rolling/moving a folding-type trampoline frame.3.1.15 suspensio
26、n system, nbed-supporting system made up of elastic devices that connect the bed to the frame, for example,steel extension springs.3.1.16 trampoline, nrebound device activated by vertical jumping, upon which gymnastics skills and exercises are performed.3.1.17 trampoline ladder, nladder-like device
27、specifically designed for use with a trampoline and designed to be easilyremovable.4. Included Components4.1 When a trampoline is offered for sale, it shall include the following: (1) a frame, (2) a bed, (3) a suspension system, (4) framepadding (where the frame is in the plane of the bed), (5) an e
28、nclosure in compliance with Safety Specification F2225, (6) aninformation packet, and (7) suitable markings.4.2 When a trampoline is offered for sale, a trampoline ladder shall not be included as a component part or within the samepackaging.4.3 When a portable trampoline is offered for sale, it shal
29、l include all of the components in 4.1 plus appropriate roller stands.4.3.1 For folding-type trampolines, the information in 7.5.1 and 8.3.3 shall also include the following:4.3.1.1 Use two or more strong people to open and close folding-type trampolines.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The provision
30、s in Section 5 shall apply to a trampoline assembled as instructed in the owners manual.All performance testsshall be conducted on a fully assembled trampoline and enclosure (if sold as a unit) unless otherwise directed in the testrequirements.5.2 Design Requirements:5.2.1 The trampoline shall be de
31、signed such that no part of the frame or legs can be contacted by the bed while bouncing. Allframe and leg assemblies shall be joined or fastened together so that it requires either two distinct motions to separate those partsor tools to remove fasteners, to avoid unintentional separation.5.2.2 The
32、frame padding shall be of a color which contrasts with the color of the trampoline bed.5.2.3 The suspension system shall be designed so as to protect the performer from injury due to contact with the sharp ends ofthe trampoline springs.5.3 Performance Requirements:5.3.1 The frame padding, where requ
33、ired, shall be designed to remain securely attached to the frame when tested to therequirements of 6.2 and 6.3. All tests shall be conducted at ambient temperatures (nominally 68 6 5F (20 6 3C).5.3.2 Materials used in any pad cover, frame padding, cover attachments, tie down(s), and pad seams normal
34、ly exposed tosunlight shall be made from ultraviolet (UV) resistant materials and meet the performance requirements of 6.6.5.3.3 Material used in the trampoline mat shall meet the requirements specified in Practice F2774.5.3.4 Except for necessary seams, the frame padding, where required, shall cove
35、r the entire top surface of the frame and be wideenough to completely cover the entire top surface of the suspension system and frame when subjected to the tests specified in 6.2.5.3.5 Height of the bed from the ground or floor shall be sufficient to prevent the bed from contacting the ground or flo
36、or whilebouncing when tested to the requirements of 6.7.5.3.5 All information, instructions, and warnings shall be provided in English in addition to any other formats used, for example,graphical, video, multilingual, etc.5.3.6 When installed in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, fasten
37、ers, lock washers, self-locking nuts, or otherlocking means shall be provided for all nuts and bolts to protect them from unintentional loosening; self-locking nuts must fullyengage with the bolt. Hardware in moving joints shall also be secured against unintentional loosening.Any other fastening sys
38、temsshall comply with the requirement that effective locking requires two separate and distinct motions for release.5.3.7 There shall be no accessible sharp points or edges on fasteners when tested in accordance with 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16CFR 1500.49.5.3.8 Bolt ends projecting beyond the face of the
39、nut shall be free of burrs, sharp points, and sharp edges when tested inaccordance with 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49.An accessible bolt end shall not extend more than the diameter of the boltbeyond the face of a nut when the nut is tightened to a torque between 20 and 25 lbf-in (2.3 to 2.8 N-m)
40、.F381 1535.3.9 If the exposed bolt end is not free of burrs, sharp points, or sharp edges, or a combination thereof, then the threaded endsof bolts may be covered by smooth, tight-fitting caps that shall resist a torque of 4 lbf-in (0.45 N-m) and a tensile force of 15 lbf(67 N) without loosening.5.3
41、.10 All fasteners shall be corrosion resistant to a level where no rust is evident after a 24-h salt spray test to Practice B117.5.3.11 No welds shall be made to any steel frame or accessory component with a thickness of less than 0.059 in. (1.5 mm).5.3.12 No “saddle” welds shall be made to any stee
42、l frame or accessory component with a thickness of less than 0.071 in. (1.8mm). An example of a saddle-welded tee fitting is shown in Fig. 1.5.3.13 All welded joints shall be rendered corrosion resistant to a level where no rust is evident after a 24-h salt spray test toPractice B117.5.3.14 No compo
43、nent shall be capable of presenting a protrusion hazard during foreseeable use.NOTE 1Test requirements that define a protrusion are in Specification F1487, Subsection 6.3.5.3.15 There shall be no accessible burrs, sharp points, or sharp edges on tubing when tested in accordance with 16 CFR1500.48 an
44、d 16 CFR 1500.49. End caps or plugs that cannot be removed without the use of tools on tubing may be used to meetthis requirement.6. Performance Requirements6.1 Shock AttenuationWhere padding is required, the shock-attenuating material used in the frame padding, as measured toinclude the frame and a
45、 minimum of 2 in. from the inside edge of the frame, shall limit the severity index to less than 450, whenthe same thickness as used in the frame padding is tested in accordance with Test Method F355 using a 20-lb (9-kg), 20-in.2(129-cm2) round, flat head dropped from a distance of 2 ft (61 cm).6.1.
46、1 Where padding is not required, the shock attenuating properties of any part of the trampoline edge shall limit the severityindex to less than 450, when tested on a fully assembled trampoline in accordance with Test Method F355 using a 20-lb (9-kg),20-in.2 (129 cm2) round, flat head dropped from a
47、distance of 2 ft (61 cm).6.2 Drop TestA drop test will be performed on the frame padding attached to a trampoline and assembled in accordance withthe manufacturers instructions. The drop test shall use the equipment and procedures described in 6.2.5 and 6.2.6. As a result ofthe test:6.2.1 The impact
48、or shall not tear the cover or completely penetrate the padding;6.2.2 Seams of the padding shall not separate;6.2.3 The pad attachments shall not separate from the pad or frame; and6.2.4 The padding shall continue to cover the frame, springs, and frame hardware when the impactor is removed from thes
49、urface of the padding.FIG. 1 Saddle Welded Tee FittingF381 1546.2.5 Drop Test Weight and Impactor ShapeThe drop weight will consist of a 23-kg (50-lb) mass with a wooden impactingsurface. See Fig. 2. The edges of the impact surface are radiused and the heel and toe of the surface are contoured as shown inFig. 2.6.2.6 Drop Test ProcedureThe impactor shall be dropped in a guided free-fall to contact the surface of the padding. Thesurface of the impactor shall be flat and parallel (within 5) to the surface of the padding on the initial contact
