1、Designation: E693 121Standard Practice forCharacterizing Neutron Exposures in Iron and Low AlloySteels in Terms of Displacements Per Atom (DPA)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E693; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the
2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEThe title of this practice was updated editorially in May 2017.1. Scope1.1 This practice descr
3、ibes a standard procedure for charac-terizing neutron irradiations of iron (and low alloy steels) interms of the exposure index displacements per atom (dpa) foriron.1.2 Although the methods of this practice apply to anymaterial for which a displacement cross section d(E) is known(see Practice E521),
4、 this practice is written specifically for iron.1.3 It is assumed that the displacement cross section for ironis an adequate approximation for calculating displacements insteels that are mostly iron (95 to 100 %) in radiation fields forwhich secondary damage processes are not important.1.4 Procedure
5、s analogous to this one can be formulated forcalculating dpa in charged particle irradiations. (See PracticeE521.)1.5 The application of this practice requires knowledge ofthe total neutron fluence and flux spectrum. Refer to PracticeE521 for determining these quantities.1.6 The correlation of radia
6、tion effects data is beyond thescope of this practice.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility
7、of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World
8、Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E170 Terminology Relating to Radiation Measurements andDosimetryE521 Practice for Investigating the Effects of Neutron Ra-diation Damage Using Charged-Particle IrradiationE821 Practice for Measur
9、ement of Mechanical PropertiesDuring Charged-Particle IrradiationE853 Practice for Analysis and Interpretation of Light-WaterReactor Surveillance Results3. Terminology3.1 Definitions for terms used in this practice can be foundin Terminology E170.4. Significance and Use4.1 A pressure vessel surveill
10、ance program requires a meth-odology for relating radiation-induced changes in materialsexposed in accelerated surveillance locations to the conditionof the pressure vessel (see Practice E853). An importantconsideration is that the irradiation exposures be expressed ina unit that is physically relat
11、ed to the damage mechanisms.4.2 A major source of neutron radiation damage in metals isthe displacement of atoms from their normal lattice sites.Hence, an appropriate damage exposure index is the number oftimes, on the average, that an atom has been displaced duringan irradiation. This can be expres
12、sed as the total number ofdisplaced atoms per unit volume, per unit mass, or per atom ofthe material. Displacements per atom is the most common wayof expressing this quantity. The number of dpa associated witha particular irradiation depends on the amount of energydeposited in the material by the ne
13、utrons, and hence, dependson the neutron spectrum. (For a more extended discussion, seePractice E521.)1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E10 on NuclearTechnology and Applicationsand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE10.05 on Nuclear Radiation Metrology.Current edit
14、ion approved June 1, 2012. Published June 2012. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as E693 01(2007). DOI:10.1520/E0693-12E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of AS
15、TMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized pri
16、nciples on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.14.3 No simple correspondence exists in general between dpaand a particula
17、r change in a material property. A reasonablestarting point, however, for relative correlations of propertychanges produced in different neutron spectra is the dpa valueassociated with each environment. That is, the dpa valuesthemselves provide a spectrum-sensitive index that may be auseful correlat
18、ion parameter, or some function of the dpavalues may affect correlation.TABLE 1 ENDF/B-VI-based Iron Displacement Cross SectionBin EngA(MeV) d(barns) Bin EngA(MeV) d(barns) Bin EngA(MeV) d(barns)1 0.100E-09 158.3543 2 0.1050E-09 154.6209 3 0.110E-09 151.13954 0.1150E-09 147.8895 5 0.120E-09 144.1054
19、 6 0.1275E-09 139.92027 0.1350E-09 136.0860 8 0.1425E-09 132.5445 9 0.150E-09 128.750210 0.160E-09 124.7860 11 0.170E-09 121.1728 12 0.180E-09 117.852713 0.190E-09 114.8137 14 0.200E-09 111.9561 15 0.210E-09 109.319916 0.220E-09 106.8646 17 0.230E-09 104.5694 18 0.240E-09 101.893019 0.2550E-09 98.93
20、331 20 0.270E-09 96.65981 21 0.280E-09 94.1271722 0.300E-09 91.05218 23 0.320E-09 88.24872 24 0.340E-09 85.6878725 0.360E-09 83.33912 26 0.380E-09 81.17265 27 0.400E-09 78.9247228 0.4250E-09 76.63646 29 0.450E-09 74.53734 30 0.4750E-09 72.5993031 0.500E-09 70.81827 32 0.5250E-09 69.14790 33 0.550E-0
21、9 67.5922234 0.5750E-09 66.13822 35 0.600E-09 64.64189 36 0.630E-09 63.1203937 0.660E-09 61.70157 38 0.690E-09 60.37332 39 0.720E-09 58.9273240 0.760E-09 57.39681 41 0.800E-09 55.97892 42 0.840E-09 54.6598443 0.880E-09 53.43220 44 0.920E-09 52.28703 45 0.960E-09 51.2154546 0.100E-08 50.07727 47 0.10
22、50E-08 48.89598 48 0.110E-08 47.7960949 0.1150E-08 46.76870 50 0.120E-08 45.57125 51 0.1275E-08 44.2500652 0.1350E-08 43.03653 53 0.1425E-08 41.91761 54 0.150E-08 40.7170855 0.160E-08 39.46333 56 0.170E-08 38.32018 57 0.180E-08 37.2696858 0.190E-08 36.30967 59 0.200E-08 35.40710 60 0.210E-08 34.5739
23、161 0.220E-08 33.79705 62 0.230E-08 33.06956 63 0.240E-08 32.2242464 0.2550E-08 31.28942 65 0.270E-08 30.57002 66 0.280E-08 29.7699967 0.300E-08 28.79791 68 0.320E-08 27.91048 69 0.340E-08 27.1013970 0.360E-08 26.35879 71 0.380E-08 25.67357 72 0.400E-08 24.9630973 0.4250E-08 24.23960 74 0.450E-08 23
24、.57548 75 0.4750E-08 22.9626876 0.500E-08 22.39920 77 0.5250E-08 21.87094 78 0.550E-08 21.3798279 0.5750E-08 20.91994 80 0.600E-08 20.44705 81 0.630E-08 19.9650982 0.660E-08 19.51724 83 0.690E-08 19.09670 84 0.720E-08 18.6398485 0.760E-08 18.15581 86 0.800E-08 17.70708 87 0.840E-08 17.2904988 0.880E
25、-08 16.90205 89 0.920E-08 16.54074 90 0.960E-08 16.2016691 0.100E-07 15.84242 92 0.1050E-07 15.46908 93 0.110E-07 15.1209494 0.1150E-07 14.79594 95 0.120E-07 14.41855 96 0.1275E-07 14.0009597 0.13050E-07 13.61661 98 0.1425E-07 13.26338 99 0.150E-07 12.88403100 0.160E-07 12.48759 101 0.170E-07 12.126
26、33 102 0.180E-07 11.79428103 0.190E-07 11.49039 104 0.200E-07 11.20760 105 0.210E-07 10.94298106 0.220E-07 10.69745 107 0.230E-07 10.46804 108 0.240E-07 10.20132109 0.2550E-07 9.906717 110 0.270E-07 9.679449 111 0.280E-07 9.427035112 0.300E-07 9.118745 113 0.320E-07 8.838819 114 0.340E-07 8.58292611
27、5 0.360E-07 8.347962 116 0.380E-07 8.131618 117 0.400E-07 7.907534118 0.4250E-07 7.678809 119 0.450E-07 7.468805 120 0.4750E-07 7.276812121 0.500E-07 7.097598 122 0.5250E-07 6.930767 123 0.550E-07 6.775607124 0.5750E-07 6.630701 125 0.600E-07 6.482083 126 0.630E-07 6.330435127 0.660E-07 6.188963 128
28、 0.690E-07 6.056631 129 0.720E-07 5.913148130 0.760E-07 5.760298 131 0.800E-07 5.618617 132 0.840E-07 5.486900133 0.880E-07 5.364337 134 0.920E-07 5.250029 135 0.960E-07 5.143171136 0.100E-06 5.029254 137 0.1050E-06 4.911427 138 0.110E-06 4.801945139 0.1150E-06 4.699714 140 0.120E-06 4.581585 141 0.
29、1275E-06 4.450361142 0.1350E-06 4.329614 143 0.1425E-06 4.218222 144 0.150E-06 4.099185145 0.160E-06 3.974304 146 0.170E-06 3.860402 147 0.180E-06 3.756055148 0.190E-06 3.660761 149 0.200E-06 3.571313 150 0.210E-06 3.488699151 0.220E-06 3.411616 152 0.230E-06 3.339466 153 0.240E-06 3.256051154 0.255
30、0E-06 3.163276 155 0.270E-06 3.091628 156 0.280E-06 3.013147157 0.300E-06 2.916945 158 0.320E-06 2.829403 159 0.340E-06 2.749808160 0.360E-06 2.676750 161 0.380E-06 2.608835 162 0.400E-06 2.527930163 0.4250E-06 2.440897 164 0.450E-06 2.374384 165 0.4750E-06 2.313606166 0.500E-06 2.257462 167 0.5250E
31、-06 2.205331 168 0.550E-06 2.154114169 0.5750E-06 2.108733 170 0.600E-06 2.060134 171 0.630E-06 2.011735172 0.660E-06 1.966045 173 0.690E-06 1.923586 174 0.720E-06 1.877395175 0.760E-06 1.828596 176 0.800E-06 1.783008 177 0.840E-06 1.741254178 0.880E-06 1.703417 179 0.920E-06 1.667792 180 0.960E-06
32、1.632082181 0.100E-05 1.595754 182 0.1050E-05 1.558720 183 0.110E-05 1.522295184 0.1150E-05 1.490200 185 0.120E-05 1.451554 186 0.1275E-05 1.409592187 0.1350E-05 1.370247 188 0.1425E-05 1.334635 189 0.150E-05 1.296298190 0.160E-05 1.256143 191 0.170E-05 1.219824 192 0.180E-05 1.187621193 0.190E-05 1
33、.156028 194 0.200E-05 1.126746 195 0.210E-05 1.099981196 0.220E-05 1.075226 197 0.230E-05 1.051885 198 0.240E-05 1.026221199 0.2550E-05 0.9965719 200 0.270E-05 0.9722222 201 0.280E-05 0.9476671202 0.300E-05 0.9157118 203 0.320E-05 0.8876799 204 0.340E-05 0.8611951205 0.360E-05 0.8377314 206 0.380E-0
34、5 0.8153836 207 0.400E-05 0.7928756E693 1212TABLE 1 ContinuedBin EngA(MeV) d(barns) Bin EngA(MeV) d(barns) Bin EngA(MeV) d(barns)208 0.4250E-05 0.7695923 209 0.450E-05 0.7481711 210 0.4750E-05 0.7286609211 0.500E-05 0.7107515 212 0.5250E-05 0.6941600 213 0.550E-05 0.6778895214 0.5750E-05 0.6635014 2
35、15 0.600E-05 0.6480775 216 0.630E-05 0.6327240217 0.660E-05 0.6182052 218 0.690E-05 0.6047435 219 0.720E-05 0.5900444220 0.760E-05 0.5745604 221 0.800E-05 0.5600318 222 0.840E-05 0.5467011223 0.880E-05 0.5345984 224 0.920E-05 0.5232391 225 0.960E-05 0.5118709226 0.100E-04 0.5002917 227 0.1050E-04 0.
36、4884902 228 0.110E-04 0.4769112229 0.1150E-04 0.4666898 230 0.120E-04 0.4543560 231 0.1275E-04 0.4409762232 0.1350E-04 0.4284223 233 0.1425E-04 0.4170648 234 0.150E-04 0.4048129235 0.160E-04 0.3919477 236 0.170E-04 0.3802993 237 0.180E-04 0.3699498238 0.190E-04 0.3598211 239 0.200E-04 0.3504475 240
37、0.210E-04 0.3418580241 0.220E-04 0.3339029 242 0.230E-04 0.3263810 243 0.240E-04 0.3181047244 0.2550E-04 0.3085413 245 0.270E-04 0.3006880 246 0.280E-04 0.2927655247 0.300E-04 0.2824593 248 0.320E-04 0.2733916 249 0.340E-04 0.2648267250 0.360E-04 0.2572175 251 0.380E-04 0.2499703 252 0.400E-04 0.242
38、6542253 0.4250E-04 0.2350771 254 0.450E-04 0.2280936 255 0.4750E-04 0.2217044256 0.500E-04 0.2158471 257 0.5250E-04 0.2104036 258 0.550E-04 0.2050605259 0.5750E-04 0.2003403 260 0.600E-04 0.1952700 261 0.630E-04 0.1902102262 0.660E-04 0.1854221 263 0.690E-04 0.1809756 264 0.720E-04 0.1761094265 0.76
39、0E-04 0.1709726 266 0.800E-04 0.1661474 267 0.840E-04 0.1616956268 0.880E-04 0.1576549 269 0.920E-04 0.1538460 270 0.960E-04 0.1500470271 0.100E-03 0.1461601 272 0.1050E-03 0.1421933 273 0.110E-03 0.1382971274 0.1150E-03 0.1348528 275 0.120E-03 0.1306799 276 0.1275E-03 0.1261477277 0.1350E-03 0.1218
40、873 278 0.1425E-03 0.1180186 279 0.150E-03 0.1138330280 0.160E-03 0.1094287 281 0.170E-03 0.1054279 282 0.180E-03 0.1018602283 0.190E-03 0.9837523E-01 284 0.200E-03 0.9515446E-01 285 0.210E-03 0.9224781E-01286 0.220E-03 0.1048459 287 0.230E-03 0.1028288 288 0.240E-03 0.8397242E-01289 0.2550E-03 0.80
41、57346E-01 290 0.270E-03 0.7782596E-01 291 0.280E-03 0.7506079E-01292 0.300E-03 0.7147984E-01 293 0.320E-03 0.6842791E-01 294 0.340E-03 0.1581741295 0.360E-03 0.7452445E-01 296 0.380E-03 0.6020231E-01 297 0.400E-03 0.5752645E-01298 0.4250E-03 0.5484677E-01 299 0.450E-03 0.5239946E-01 300 0.4750E-03 0
42、.5017326E-01301 0.500E-03 0.4855164E-01 302 0.5250E-03 0.4750492E-01 303 0.550E-03 0.8634498E-01304 0.5750E-03 0.3684567 305 0.600E-03 0.7230662 306 0.630E-03 1.085166307 0.660E-03 1.433057 308 0.690E-03 1.753764 309 0.720E-03 2.100540310 0.760E-03 2.428895 311 0.800E-03 2.722788 312 0.840E-03 2.998
43、771313 0.880E-03 3.258461 314 0.920E-03 3.465372 315 0.960E-03 3.618973316 0.100E-02 3.787081 317 0.1050E-02 3.964271 318 0.110E-02 13.13789319 0.1150E-02 10.69382 320 0.120E-02 4.262693 321 0.1275E-02 4.338387322 0.1350E-02 4.435367 323 0.1425E-02 4.534225 324 0.150E-02 4.592575325 0.160E-02 4.7831
44、80 326 0.170E-02 4.701623 327 0.180E-02 4.841220328 0.190E-02 4.999009 329 0.200E-02 5.111335 330 0.201E-02 5.183993331 0.220E-02 5.279069 332 0.230E-02 5.408910 333 0.240E-02 5.523736334 0.2550E-02 5.695442 335 0.270E-02 5.826853 336 0.280E-02 5.975410337 0.300E-02 6.173523 338 0.320E-02 6.395415 3
45、39 0.340E-02 6.658582340 0.360E-02 7.183939 341 0.380E-02 10.01168 342 0.400E-02 9.194485343 0.4250E-02 8.178266 344 0.450E-02 8.229657 345 0.4750E-02 8.508525346 0.500E-02 8.910876 347 0.5250E-02 9.525395 348 0.550E-02 10.59739349 0.5750E-02 13.20411 350 0.600E-02 21.17466 351 0.630E-02 19.67340352
46、 0.660E-02 18.59203 353 0.690E-02 24.36627 354 0.720E-02 39.42936355 0.760E-02 56.38621 356 0.800E-02 48.66102 357 0.840E-02 35.11790358 0.880E-02 27.24892 359 0.920E-02 23.52159 360 0.960E-02 20.66808361 0.100E-01 19.98392 362 0.1050E-01 18.41869 363 0.110E-01 18.51923364 0.1150E-01 16.80365 365 0.
47、120E-01 16.40945 366 0.1275E-01 16.00651367 0.1350E-01 16.06792 368 0.1425E-01 15.55876 369 0.150E-01 15.08970370 0.160E-01 14.61809 371 0.170E-01 13.99511 372 0.180E-01 13.21823373 0.190E-01 12.01959 374 0.200E-01 10.61530 375 0.210E-01 8.888706376 0.220E-01 6.857686 377 0.230E-01 4.435299 378 0.24
48、0E-01 4.034283379 0.2550E-01 51.58856 380 0.270E-01 462.4204 381 0.280E-01 374.2036382 0.300E-01 138.8582 383 0.320E-01 91.99242 384 0.340E-01 75.21491385 0.360E-01 66.92896 386 0.380E-01 62.40611 387 0.400E-01 65.56062388 0.4250E-01 59.51893 389 0.450E-01 61.42897 390 0.4750E-01 55.61853391 0.500E-
49、01 80.54994 392 0.5250E-01 84.93746 393 0.550E-01 61.63473394 0.5750E-01 61.83547 395 0.600E-01 61.39486 396 0.630E-01 51.44463397 0.660E-01 41.05520 398 0.690E-01 35.18787 399 0.720E-01 195.2115400 0.760E-01 72.97270 401 0.800E-01 139.3801 402 0.840E-01 276.0543403 0.880E-01 138.4568 404 0.920E-01 104.0743 405 0.960E-01 113.7160406 0.100 105.5489 407 0.1050 78.43095 408 0.110 78.06753409 0.1150 60.44543 410 0.120 70.47430 411 0.1275 134.1587412 0.1350 255.3630 413 0.1425 293.0161 414 0.150 133.0900415 0.160 122.7596 416 0.170 156.0143 417 0.180 244.4100418 0.190 370.7627
