1、Designation: E695 03 (Reapproved 2015)1Standard Test Method ofMeasuring Relative Resistance of Wall, Floor, and RoofConstruction to Impact Loading1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E695; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEUnits information was editorially corrected in March 2015.1. Scope1.1 This test method cove
3、rs the measurement of the relativeresistance of wall, floor, and roof construction to impactloading. The test is not applicable to doors.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided
4、for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of
5、 regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1517 Terminology Relating to LeatherE73 Practice for Static Load Testing of Truss AssembliesE575 Practice for Reporting Data from Structural Tests ofBuilding Constructions, Elements, Connections, and As-sembliesE631 Ter
6、minology of Building ConstructionsE661 Test Method for Performance of Wood and Wood-Based Floor and Roof Sheathing Under ConcentratedStatic and Impact Loads2.2 Other Standards:Fed. Spec. V-T-291E(1) Linen Thread33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms related to thisstandard, see Termi
7、nology E631.4. Significance and Use4.1 The procedures outlined will provide data that can beused to evaluate the relative performance of wall, floor, androof constructions under conditions representative of thosesustained in actual service when subjected to impact by a heavyblunt object. See Test Me
8、thod E661 for evaluation of floor androof sheathing and Practice E73 for evaluation of roof trusses.4.2 The method is intended to be applied to relatively lightconstruction, including, but not limited to, wood floor and roofsystems, partitions framed with wood or steel studs, steel flooror roof deck
9、ing systems, steel siding and wall panels, or thinconcrete and masonry walls or slabs and similar assemblies.5. Summary of Method5.1 Specimens of wall, floor, and roof construction aresubjected to the impact force of a standard impact instrument.Wall sections are tested in the vertical position. Flo
10、or and roofsections are tested only in the horizontal position. Because ofthe inherent differences in the method of applying load,measurements obtained from tests in a horizontal mode are notcomparable to measurements obtained from tests in the verticalmode.6. Apparatus for Floor and Roof Systems, S
11、pecimenHorizontal (see Fig. 1)6.1 Supports, steel rollers, two, on a rigid base.6.2 Impact Instrument, made with a shot-filled leather bagas specified in 6.2.1 6.2.6. (see Fig. 2.)6.2.1 LeatherThe leather used in construction of the bagshould be harness leather (Note 1), oak tanned (Note 1) frompack
12、er hides (Note 1) or latigo leather (Note 1), alum andvegetable tanned, or both. Leather thickness shall be expressedin ounces (Note 1)(1oz=164 in. (0.4 mm).NOTE 1See Terminology D1517.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is the direct resp
13、onsibility of Subcommittee E06.11on Horizontal and Vertical Structures/Structural Performance of Completed Struc-tures.Current edition approved March 1, 2015. Published March 2015. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E695 03 (2009).DOI: 10.1520/E0695-03R15E01.2For r
14、eferenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from DLA Documents Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins A
15、ve.,Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http:/quicksearch.dla.mil.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16.2.2 ThreadThread used in fabrication of the bag shall belinen thread of four or more plys, meeting the requirements forType B
16、, Class 1 or 2, of Fed. Spec. V-T-291E(1) (1).6.2.3 FabricationThe side of the bag shall be 28 in. (710mm) high by 29 in. (735 mm) in circumference, with a sidewallof 8-oz leather18 in. (3 mm) thick. The vertical edges shall besewed together flesh side out and the seam shall be reinforcedwith a piec
17、e of 8-oz leather overlapping38 in. (10 mm) eachside. The side shall then be turned hair side out and sewed tothe bottom. The base (bottom disk) shall be 9 in. (230 mm) indiameter of 12-oz leather316 in. (5 mm) thick. The seamattaching the wall to the base shall be14 in. (6 mm) from theedge of the b
18、ase. Two rows of stitching shall be used for thevertical wall seam and the seam attaching the wall to the base.6.2.4 Hoisting StrapThe strap to hoist the bag shall bemade from 8-oz leather18 in. (3 mm) thick by58 in. (16 mm)wide by 24 in. (610 mm) long. The strap shall be passedthrough holes, diamet
19、rically opposite, in the side walls 112 in.(40 mm) from the top of the wall. These holes shall bereinforced with pieces of 8-oz leather and 3 in. (76 mm) square.The leather strap shall be passed twice through a 2-in. (50-mm)diameter lifting ring and the ends fastened by sewing, riveting,or by use of
20、 a buckle. To avoid excessive stretching of theleather wall or failure of the vertical seam, a sleeve, made from12-oz leather, of the same type as the base of the bag, shall befitted to slip tightly around the lower portion of the bag. Thissleeve should be 958 in. (250 mm) high.6.2.5 ShotThe bag sha
21、ll be loosely filled with metal shotor pellets with diameters of 0.039 to 0.138 in. (1 to 3.5 mm).Two layers of 3-in. (75-mm) thick foam rubber or similarpadding shall be placed over the lead shot to prevent spillageduring testing.6.2.6 The total mass of the bag, including shot, shall beadjusted to
22、the desired level with an accuracy of 61 %. Themass of the bag may be adjusted to any specified mass,depending upon the information desired.6.3 Measuring SticksA stick, laid off in 6-in. (150-mm)increments, or a series of sticks the lengths of which aremultiples of 6 in. (152 mm), to measure the hei
23、ght of dropaccurately. A graduated sliding pointer, a standard metal tapemeasure, or any similar device that can accurately measure theheight of drop may be substituted.6.4 Deflectometer, or other suitable deflectometerequipment, consisting of a metal tube having a base at thelower end and a clamp a
24、t the upper end which supports, byfriction, a light metal rod. The rod shall be movable inside thetube and shall be graduated to 0.01-in. (0.25-mm) divisions.6.5 Set Gage, consisting of a light, rigid frame having twolegs at one end and one leg at the other end, with the distancebetween the legs equ
25、al to the span of the specimen. A dialmicrometer graduated to 0.001-in. (0.025-mm) divisions shallbe attached to the frame at midlength.6.6 Gage Blocks, 12 by 12 in. (300 by 300 mm) in area, andconstructed of metal or other hard surface material.6.7 Hold-DownsClamps or other restraining devices at t
26、hespecimen ends to minimize translation.7. Apparatus for Wall Systems, Specimen Vertical (seeFig. 3)7.1 Steel Channels, for support of the specimen at top andbottom.7.2 Rollers, cylindrical rollers and two supporting rollers.7.3 Impact bag, measuring sticks, deflectometer, set gage,and gage blocks c
27、onforming to the requirements specified in6.2 6.7.7.4 Rigid Supporting Frame, to which the supporting chan-nels and deflection gage are attached.8. Test Specimen8.1 SizeThe specimens shall be representative of theactual construction as to material, method of assembly, andworkmanship.8.2 Length or He
28、ightThe length or height of specimen foreach element shall be chosen to conform approximately to thelength or height of that element in actual size.8.3 WidthThe width of specimen shall be chosen, insofaras feasible, to include several of the principal load-carryingmembers to ensure that the behavior
29、 under load will simulatethat anticipated under service conditions. The actual width ofspecimens shall be a whole number multiplied by the spacingof the principal load-carrying members, except for prefabri-cated panels for which the actual width shall be the width ofpanel used. If the structural pro
30、perties of a particular construc-tion are to be compared with another construction, there shouldnot be a great difference in the actual widths of the specimens.8.4 AgeConstructions such as concrete and masonry(brick, structural clay tile, concrete block) for which thestructural properties depend upo
31、n the age of the specimen,shall be tested not less than 25 days nor more than 56 days afterfabrication except in special instances such as the case ofexisting panels. This age requirement applies also to plasteredand stuccoed constructions. Other assemblies affected bymoisture shall be conditioned t
32、o constant weight or moisturecontent, or for at least 2 weeks at 68 6 6F (20 6 3C) and 656 5 % relative humidity.8.5 NumberTests shall be made on a minimum of threelike specimens. However, more tests may be necessary depend-ing upon information and accuracy desired.FIG. 1 Impact Load Test (Specimen
33、Horizontal)E695 03 (2015)129. Procedure9.1 For symmetrical walls, apply the impact load to theoutside face from at least one of the specimens, and to theinside face of the other two specimens. For asymmetrical walls,test both sides an equal number of times. This will require aminimum of four test sp
34、ecimens. Exception: only one sideneed be tested at the option of the client and laboratorydepending upon information required. The report shall recordwhich side or sides of the specimen that is tested. For floor androof assemblies apply the impact loads only to the upperfinish-floor face of the spec
35、imen.NOTE 2Any criteria for pass/fail or for stopping the test should beagreed upon between the sponsor and testing agency prior to testing. Somepossible points include: the ability to sustain a specified static load afterthe impact drop; limitation on the instantaneous deflection or residual set;pe
36、netration of panel; destruction of panel (to be defined); or simply aspecified height of drop or number of drops per test from a specific height.9.2 Point of ImpactIf the construction has structuralmembers, that is, studs or joists, test each specimen so that atleast one such structural member will
37、be struck by the impactbag. Test each specimen also so that the impact bag will strikethe facing midway between two members.NOTE 3As written, this method may not necessarily define or test themost vulnerable part of a panel specimen.Additional tests may be requiredto locate such an area if this info
38、rmation is desired.9.3 Loading-Floor and Roof Assemblies-SpecimenHorizontalTest the specimen as a simple beam on a spannominally 6 in. (150 mm) less than the specimen length. Thetwo supports for the specimens shall prevent longitudinalrestraint and shall provide bearing for the entire width of thesp
39、ecimen. Secure the ends of the panel by hold-downs tominimize specimen bounce. Take care to assure that thehold-downs do not affect deflection of the specimen. Apply an(1) LeatherUse harness leather (oak tanned from packer hides) or latigo leather (alum and vegetable tanned) (see Terminology D1517,
40、E631 for definitions and terms)(1-oz leather =164 in. (0.4 mm) thick).(2) ThreadUse linen thread (minimum four-ply) in accordance with Fed. Spec. V-T-291E(1), Type B, Class 1 or 2. Double-stitch sidewall seam and seam attachingsidewall to the base.(3) ShotUse shot (0.039 to 0.138 in. (1 to 3.5 mm) d
41、iameter). Fill bag with shot and cover with two layers of 3 in. (76 mm) foam rubber.FIG. 2 Leather Drop Bag AssemblyE695 03 (2015)13impact load to the upper face of the specimen by dropping thebag beginning with a height of 6 614 in. (152 6 6 mm) andincreasing the height in 6 614-in. (152 6 6-mm) in
42、crements.Record set and instantaneous deflection measurements for eachdrop. For the first drop, measure the height of the bag from theupper face of the specimen at a point directly beneath the bag,and for subsequent drops, from a taut cord in contact with theupper face directly above the supports.9.
43、4 Loading-Wall Assemblies Specimen VerticalPositionthe specimen on cylindrical rollers to prevent transverserestraint. The axes of the rollers shall be parallel to the faces ofthe specimens. The two supporting rollers shall be in contactwith the vertical surface of the rigid frame and each roller sh
44、allrest horizontally on sponge rubber58 618 in. (16 6 3 mm)thick to prevent longitudinal restraint. Support the bag as apendulum in the frame as shown in Fig. 3. Take care to assurethat the hold-downs do not affect deflection of the specimen.Apply an impact load to the middle of the outer face of th
45、especimens by releasing the bag beginning with a height of 6 614 in. (152 6 6 mm) and increasing the height in 6 614-in.(152 6 6-mm) increments. The maximum useful height ofdrop will occur when the pendulum or frame is perpendicularto the specimen. Measure the height of drop from the point ofimpact
46、of the center of gravity of the bag as it strikes thespecimen to this same point when the bag is in the raisedposition. Release the bag by smoothly and swiftly opening thehinged doors, causing it to swing as a true pendulum thuseliminating wobbling.9.5 Instantaneous DeflectionUse the deflectometer (
47、see6.4) to measure the instantaneous deflection of the specimen.Prior to loading, hold the light metal rod in contact with themiddle of the lower face of the specimen by the clamp. Whenthe specimen deflects under the impact load, the rod is held inits lowest position by the friction clamp. Report re
48、adings to thenearest 0.01 in. (0.25 mm).9.6 SetTo measure the set, place the set gage on the upperface of the specimen. Take readings by placing the set gage onthe specimen with the legs at the supports and the spindle of thedial micrometer in contact with the middle of the specimen,and reading the
49、micrometer. If the set exceeds the range of themicrometer, place gage blocks between the specimen and thespindle of the micrometer to the nearest 0.001 in. (0.025 mm).10. Recordings10.1 Deflection and SetFor each height of drop calculatethe deflection between the reading of the deflectometer and theinitial reading. Similarly, calculate the set as the differencebetween the reading of the set gage and the initial reading.Record the maximum height of drop.11. Report11.1 The report shall follow the format of Practice E575.Inadditio
