1、Designation: E 873 82 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Test Method forBulk Density of Densified Particulate Biomass Fuels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 873; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the determi-nation of bulk density (or bulk specific weight) of densifie
3、dparticulate biomass fuels with a maximum particle volume of16.39 cm3(1 in.3).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with
4、its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Significance and Use2.1 The test procedures described in this test method can beused to determine the bulk de
5、nsity (or bulk specific weight) ofany densified particulate biomass fuel meeting the require-ments specified in this test method.3. Apparatus3.1 Box of nominal 305 by 305 by 305-mm (12 by 12 by12-in.) dimensions with handles. The box material shall bedimensionally stable. The volume shall be determi
6、ned towithin 16.39 cm3(1 in.3).3.2 Scales of such capacity as to weigh the box and sampleto within 100 g.4. Sampling4.1 Place of SamplingSample fuel while it is being loadedinto or unloaded from means of transportation or whendischarged from storage bins or conveyors.NOTE 1Samples collected from the
7、 surface of piles are, in general,unreliable because of the exposure to the environment. If necessary,collect nine increments from a foot or more below the surface at ninepoints covering the pile.4.2 Collection of Gross Sample:4.2.1 Collect increments regularly, systematically, and withsuch frequenc
8、y that the entire quantity of pellets sampled willbe represented proportionally in the gross sample.4.2.2 The quantity of the sample shall be large enough to berepresentative but not less than 45.45 kg (100 lb).5. Procedure5.1 Weigh and record the empty box weight within 100 g(0.22 lb). Fill the box
9、 by pouring from a height of 610 mm (2ft) above the top edge of the container. Drop the box five timesfrom a height of 150 mm (6 in.) on to a nonresilient surface toallow settling. Add additional sample and strike off the excesssample level with the top edge.5.2 Then weigh the box and sample to with
10、in 100 g (0.22 lb)and record the total weight.6. Calculation6.1 Calculate bulk density as follows:Bulk density, g/cm35weight of box and sample!2weight of box!volume of box!7. Precision and Bias7.1 Precision and bias statements are in the process of beingballoted. Subsequently, they will be added to
11、this test method.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E48 onBiotechnology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E48.05 on BiomassConversion.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2006. Published December 2006. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved i
12、n 1998 as E 873 82 (1998).1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this
13、 standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five year
14、s andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committ
15、ee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E 873 82 (2006)2
