1、Designation: E966 101E966 18Standard Guide forField Measurements of Airborne Sound Attenuation ofBuilding Facades and Facade Elements1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E966; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of r
2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEEditorial changes were made throughout in April 2011.INTRODUCTIONThis guide provides methods to measure
3、 the sound isolation of a room from outdoor sound, and toevaluate the sound transmission or apparent sound transmission through a particular facade of theroom or an element of that faade such as a window or door. Measurements from outdoors to indoorsdiffer from measurements between two rooms. The ou
4、tdoor sound field is not diffuse and thetransmission of that sound through the structure is a function of the outdoor sound angle of incidence.The outdoor-indoor transmission loss values obtained with this guide are not expected to be the sameas that obtained in laboratory or other tests between two
5、 rooms using diffuse incident sound. At thistime, there are insufficient data available to specify a single, standard measurement procedure suitablefor all field situations. For this reason, this guide provides alternative test procedures for themeasurements of facade field level reduction and trans
6、mission loss.This guide is part of a set of standards for evaluating the sound isolation of rooms and the soundinsulating properties of building elements. Others in this set cover the airborne sound transmission lossof an isolated partition element in a controlled laboratory environment (Test Method
7、 E90), thelaboratory measurement of impact sound transmission through floors (Test Method E492), themeasurement of airborne sound transmission in buildings (Test Method E336), the measurement ofimpact sound transmission in buildings (Test Method E1007), and the measurement of soundtransmission throu
8、gh a common plenum between two rooms (Test Method E1414).1. Scope1.1 This guide may be used to determine the outdoor-indoor noise reduction (OINR), which is the difference in sound pressurelevel between the free-field level outdoors in the absence of the structure and the resulting sound pressure le
9、vel in a room. Eithera loudspeaker or existing traffic noise or aircraft noise can be used as the source. The outdoor sound field geometry must bedescribed and calculations must account for the way the outdoor level is measured. These results are used with ClassificationE1332 to calculate the single
10、 number rating outdoor-indoor noise isolation class, OINIC. Both OINR and OINIC can vary withoutdoor sound incidence angle.1.2 Under controlled circumstances where a single faade is exposed to the outdoor sound, or a faade element such as a dooror window has much lower transmission loss than the res
11、t of the faade, an outdoor-indoor transmission loss, OITL(), or apparentoutdoor-indoor transmission loss,AOITL(), may be measured using a loudspeaker source.These results are a function of the angleof incidence of the sound field. By measuring with sound incident at many angles, an approximation to
12、the diffuse fieldtransmission loss as measured between two rooms can be obtained. The results may be used to predict interior sound levels ininstallations similar to that tested when exposed to an outdoor sound field similar to that used during the measurement. The singlenumber ratings of apparent o
13、utdoor-indoor transmission class, AOITC(), using AOITL() and field outdoor-indoor transmissionclass, FOITC(), using OITL() may be calculated using Classification E1332. These ratings also may be calculated with the dataobtained from receiving room sound pressure measurements performed at several inc
14、idence angles as discussed in 8.6.1 This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E33 on Building and EnvironmentalAcoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E33.03 on SoundTransmission.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010Jan. 15, 2018. Published December 2010January 2018.
15、Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 20042010as E966 04.E966 101. DOI: 10.1520/E0966-10E01.10.1520/E0966-18.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous versio
16、n. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International
17、, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States11.3 To cope with the variety of outdoor incident sound field geometries that are encountered in the field, six testing techniquesare presented. These techniques and their general applicability are summarized in Tab
18、le 1 and Figs. 1-6. The room, faade, orfaade element declared to be under test is referred to as the specimen.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as r
19、equirements of the standard.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of
20、this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding t
21、hose in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guide
22、s and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental AcousticsE90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Buildi
23、ng Partitions and ElementsE336 Test Method for Measurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation between Rooms in BuildingsE492 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies Using theTapping MachineE1007 Test Method for Field Measurement of Tapping Mach
24、ine Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-CeilingAssembliesand Associated Support StructuresE1332 Classification for Rating Outdoor-Indoor Sound AttenuationE1414 Test Method for Airborne Sound Attenuation Between Rooms Sharing a Common Ceiling PlenumE2235 Test Method for Determination of Decay Rat
25、es for Use in Sound Insulation Test Methods2.2 ANSI Standards:3S1.11 Specification for Octave-Band and Fractional-Octave Analog and Digital Filter SetsS1.40 Specifications and Verification Procedures for Sound CalibratorsS1.43 Specifications for Integrating -Averaging Sound Level Meters2.3 IEC Stand
26、ards:3IEC 61672 Electroacoustics - Sound Level MetersIEC 60942 Electroacoustics - Sound Calibrators3. Terminology3.1 Definitionsfor acoustical terms used in this guide, see Terminology C634.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.
27、astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.
28、ansi.org.TABLE 1 Application Guide to Measurement of Outdoor-Indoor Level Reduction ONIROutdoor Signal SourceLoudspeaker Required forOITL or AOTLOutdoor Microphone PositionMeasurement Section,Figure, CalculationEquationApplications RemarksCalibrated loudspeaker Incident sound pressure inferred from
29、separatecalibration of source8.3.1, Fig. 1; Eq 3 Use when outdoor measurement at or nearspecimen is not possible.Loudspeaker Several locations averaged about 1.2 m to 2.4 m fromthe facade element8.3.2, Fig. 2; Eq 4 Use when calibrated source or flushmeasurement is not possible.Loudspeaker Several lo
30、cations less than 17 mm from specimen 8.3.3, Fig. 3; Eq 5 Use when the loudspeaker cannot becalibrated.Traffic, aircraft, or similar line source Simultaneous measurement remote from the specimen 9.3.1, Fig. 4; Eq 7 Use when it is possible to measure source infree field at same distance as specimen.T
31、raffic, aircraft, or similar line source Simultaneous measurement 2 m from the specimensurface9.3.2, Fig. 5; Eq 9 Use when remote measurement or flushmeasurement is not possible.Traffic, aircraft, or similar line source Simultaneous measurement with entire microphonediaphragm within 17mm of the spec
32、imen9.3.3, Fig. 6; Eq 10 Use when remote measurement is notpossible.E966 1823.2.1 apparent outdoor-indoor transmission class, apparent AOITL(),AOITC(), nof a building faade or faade element, ata specified angle or range of angles, a a single-number rating calculated in accordance with Classification
33、 E1332 using measuredvalues of apparent outdoor-indoor transmission loss.loss at a specified angle or range of angles.3.2.2 apparent outdoor-indoor transmission loss, AOITL(), (dB), , dB, nof a building facadefaade or faade element,facadeelement the value of outdoor-indoor transmission loss obtained
34、 on a test facade element as installed, in a specified frequency band,for a source at a specified angle or range of angles as measured from the normal to the center of the specimen surface, the valueof outdoor-indoor transmission loss obtained on a test facade element as installed, without flanking
35、tests to identify or eliminateextraneous transmission paths.3.2.2.1 DiscussionFIG. 1 GeometryCalibrated Source MethodFIG. 2 GeometryNearby Average MethodE966 183This definition attributes all theAll the sound power transmitted into the receiving room, by room through both direct and flankingpaths, p
36、aths is attributed solely to the physical area of the test specimen. If flanking transmission is significant, the AOITL willbe less than the actual OITL for the specimen.3.2.3 field outdoor-indoor transmission class, FOITC(), , nof a building faade or faade element, at a specified angle orrange of a
37、ngles, the single number rating obtained by Classification E1332 with OITLvalues. values at a specified angle or rangeof angles.3.2.4 outdoor-indoor noise isolation class, OINIC, OINIC or OINIC(), nof an enclosed space, a single-number ratingcalculated in accordance with Classification E1332 using v
38、alues of outdoor-indoor noise reduction.3.2.4.1 DiscussionOINIC is an A-weighted level difference based on a specific spectrum defined in Classification E1332.FIG. 3 GeometryFlush MethodFIG. 4 GeometryEquivalent Distance MethodE966 1843.2.5 outdoor-indoor noise reduction, OINR or OINR(), dB, nwhich
39、may or may not be a function of angle or a range offora specified source angle of incidence or source sound distribution, angles, the difference in a specified frequency band thedifference between the between the time average free-field sound pressure level at the exterior of a faade and the space-t
40、imeaverage sound pressure level in a room of a building and the time-averaged exterior sound pressure level which would be presentat the facade of the room were the building and its facade not present. exposed to the outdoor sound through that faade.3.2.5.1 DiscussionThe outdoor-indoor noise reducti
41、on has been known previously in this guide as the outdoor-indoor level reduction, OILR. ForFIG. 5 Geometry2 m (79 in.) Position MethodFIG. 6 Geometry and FormulasLine Source Flush MethodE966 185measured data, the OINR () may be used to indicate results at a specific angle () as discussed in 8.5. ONI
42、R may be used toindicate the weighted average of measurements over a range of angles as discussed in 8.6 or a measurement result due to exposureto a line source as discussed in Section 9.3.2.6 outdoor-indoor transmission loss, OITL(), (dB), nof a building facadefaade or facade elementfaade element,
43、in aspecified frequency band, for a source at a specified angle or range of angles as measured from the normal to the center of thespecimen surface, ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of airborne sound power incident on the specimen to the soundpower transmitted through it and radiated to t
44、he room interior.3.2.6.1 DiscussionThe unqualified term OITL() signifies that flanking tests have been performed according to Annex A1 to verify that there wasno significant flanking or leakage transmission. In the absence of such tests, the test result may be termed theAOITL() (see 3.2.2).3.2.7 sou
45、nd exposure level*SEL in decibels where the “*” denotes the frequency weighting such as CSEL for C-weighting(understood to be A if absent).3.2.8 one-third octave-band sound exposurelevel one-third octave-band SEL(f), (dB), nten times the logarithm to the baseten of the ratio of a given time integral
46、 of squared instantaneous sound pressure in a specific one-third octave-band of centerfrequency f, over a stated time interval or event, to the product of the squared reference sound pressure of 20 micropascals andreference duration of one second.3.2.9 traffc noisenoise emitted by moving transportat
47、ion vehicles, such as cars, trucks, locomotives, or aircraft moving alongan extended line path.4. Summary of Guide4.1 This guide provides procedures to measure the reduction in sound level from the outdoors to an enclosed room, theoutdoor-indoor level reduction, OINR, with a variety of sources and m
48、ethods. With further measurements under restrictedconditions using a loudspeaker source, a basic property of a facade or facade element, the outdoor-indoor transmission loss,OITL(), may be determined. This requires that the conditions of Annex A1 be met to demonstrate that flanking of sound aroundFI
49、G. 7 Source Location (*) and DefinitionE966 186the test specimen is not significant. If it is not possible to meet the conditions of AnnexA1, theAOITL() is reported. These resultsmeasured with a loudspeaker will vary with the angle of the source as measured from the normal to the surface as shown oninFig. 7. The OINR(), the AOITL(), and the OITL() may be reported for a variety of angles. The result using traffic noise,OINR(line,), can depend on the incidence angle , from the normal to the
