1、Designation: F 1041 02An American National StandardStandard Guide forSqueeze-Off of Polyolefin Gas Pressure Pipe and Tubing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1041; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide describes general procedures for squeeze-offof polyolefin gas pressure pipe and tubing. Pipe
3、and squeezetool manufacturers shall be requested to supply recommenda-tions for squeeze-off with materials or products.1.2 Governing codes and project specifications should beconsulted. Nothing in this document should be construed asrecommending practices or systems at variance with governingcodes a
4、nd project specifications.1.3 This guide covers squeeze-off of polyolefin pipe andtubing in accordance with Specification D 2513.1.4 Where applicable in this guide, “pipe” shall mean “pipeand tubing.”1.5 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as the standard. The values given i
5、n parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units, which are provided forinformation only and are not considered the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establis
6、h appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 2513 Specification for Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe,Tubing, and Fittings2F1563 Specification for Tools to Squeeze-off Polyethylene(PE) Gas
7、 Pipe or TubingF1734 Practice for Qualification of a Combination ofSqueeze Tool, Pipe, and Squeeze-off Procedures to AvoidLong-term Damage in Polyethylene (PE) Gas Pipe22.2 Other Standards:GRI-92/0147.2 Volume 2: Technical Reference onSqueeze-off of Polyethylene Gas Pipes33. Significance and Use3.1
8、Squeeze-off is a technique used to control the flow ofgas through a pipe by the compressing action of a mechanicalor hydraulic device. Squeeze-off may be used to reduce theflow of gas to an acceptable rate.3.2 Proper squeeze-off procedures result in significant timesaving in the reduction of gas flo
9、w in an emergency and in themaintenance and operation, or both, of a gas distributionsystem. Improper squeeze-off can cause damage to the pipe orcreate a safety hazard, or both.4. Operator Experience4.1 Each squeeze-off shall be made in accordance withwritten procedures in accordance with Practice F
10、 1734, thathave been proven to produce safe squeeze-off. The personactually responsible for the squeeze-off shall ensure thatdetailed procedures are developed in conjunction with theowner of the pipe system, the manufacturer of the pipe, and themanufacturer of the squeeze-off tools. These procedures
11、 shallinclude safety precautions to be followed and are to be issuedbefore actual squeeze-off operations commence.4.2 Skill and knowledge on the part of the operator arerequired to control the flow of gas to achieve a safe squeeze-off. This skill and knowledge shall be obtained by makingsqueeze-offs
12、 in accordance with written procedures in accor-dance with F 1734.5. Pipe and Conditions5.1 In order to obtain proper squeeze-off, it is necessary toconsider the pipe diameter, wall thickness, pipe material,internal pressure, squeeze tool(s), squeeze-off procedure andenvironmental conditions. The us
13、er shall request the pipemanufacturer to supply specific recommendations for thesqueeze-off of the manufacturers product based upon theevaluation procedures outlined in F 1734 with additionalconsiderations for internal pressure and ambient temperature.The operator shall exercise caution during cold
14、temperaturesbecause the pipe may be more susceptible to squeeze offdamage.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic PipingSystems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.60 on Gas.Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2002. Published February 2003. Originallyapp
15、roved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 1995 as F 1041 95.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.3GRI Document Fulfillment Center, 1510 Hubbard Dr. Batavia, IL 60510.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Appa
16、ratus6.1 Tools to squeeze-off polyolefin gas pressure pipe andtubing shall conform to the requirements of F 1563.7. Procedure7.1 Proper squeeze-off procedures developed in accordancewith F 1734 shall address safety considerations, tool location,tool operation, tool removal, and post squeeze-off cons
17、ider-ations.7.2 Safety ConsiderationsPressure control situations re-quiring squeeze-off may involve working in the vicinity ofescaping gas. Consider the possibility and potential hazard ofstatic electricity and observe safety precautions. Safety precau-tions regarding static electricity generally in
18、clude performingthe squeeze-off in operation in separate bellhole isolated fromthe blowing gas, grounding the squeeze-off tool and applying asoapy water solution and wet nonsynthetic cloth (such ascotton or burlap material) or commercially available electro-static discharge fluid and polyethylene ta
19、pe wrap to the pipesurface to provide for dissipation of static charge to the ground.Check the squeeze-off tool prior to use to ensure it is thecorrect size, is properly functioning, and is properly adjustedfor the squeeze-off to be done.7.3 Tool LocationCenter the squeeze-off tool on andsquare to t
20、he pipe. This will allow the pipe to flatten freelywithout jamming against the tool frame or abutments. Locatethe squeeze-off tool at least three pipe diameters or 12 in. (305mm), whichever is greater, from any fusion joint (1.5 diametersfor butt-fusion joint) or mechanical fitting.7.4 Tool Operatio
21、nOperate the squeeze-off tool at a rateslow enough to allow stress relaxation in the pipe to occur.Experience indicates that compression rates of 2 in. per min. orless are appropriate. This is particularly helpful when pipebecomes stiff in cold weather. Squeeze the pipe until the flowof gas ceases o
22、r the mechanical stop is contacted, whichevercomes first. Continuing to operate the squeeze-off tool beyondthis point can cause pipe or tool damage. When thesqueezed-off position is reached, on some tools, a mechanicallock-off device must be manually engaged.7.5 Tool RemovalRemove the squeeze-off to
23、ol in a con-trolled manner. If the tool has a mechanical lock-off device,disengage it. Avoid sudden release of mechanical or hydraulicpressure. Controlled release is necessary so flow control maybe quickly reestablished if required. A release rate of 0.5in./min or less should be maintained to preven
24、t pipe materialdamage. Rerounding the pipe is an option which should beexercised on the basis of improvement in gas flow or otherconcerns, rather than damage mitigation. If rerounding ispreformed, reround the pipe by rotating the squeeze-off tool90 and applying enough force to round the pipe or by u
25、sing aspecial tool designed for this purpose.7.6 Post Squeeze-off Considerations After the squeeze-offtool has been removed, inspect the squeezed section for anydamage. Procedures should include actions to be taken ifdamage is found. Procedures should not allow the same area tobe squeezed off more t
26、han once. When an emergency conditionrequires squeeze-off without regard for possible pipe damage,the procedure should include actions to be taken based on thelikelihood the pipe has been damaged.8. Keywords8.1 damage; pipe; polyolefin; squeeze-offASTM International takes no position respecting the
27、validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is
28、subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Head
29、quarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This sta
30、ndard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 1041 022
