1、Designation: F 1052 97 (Reapproved 2002)Standard Test Method forPressure Testing Vapor Protective Ensembles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1052; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONPersonnel in industry and emergency response can be exposed to numerous chemicals capable ofcausing harm upon contact wi
3、th the human body. The deleterious effects of these chemicals can rangefrom acute trauma such as skin irritation and burn, to chronic degenerative disease such as cancer.Since engineering controls may not eliminate all possible exposures, attention is often placed onreducing the potential for direct
4、 skin contact through the use of protective clothing.Protective clothing is available in a variety of constructions, configurations and materials, and isdesigned to provide various levels of protection against many hazards. Chemical protective ensemblesoffering the highest level of chemical protecti
5、on are constructed to prevent contact of solid, liquid, orgaseous chemicals with the wearer. This test method evaluates the integrity and construction of vaporprotective ensembles by way of an internal pressure test. Other related whole suit tests include TestMethod F 1359 for evaluating splash resi
6、stance using a Shower test, and Practice F 1154 forevaluating the overall form, fit, and function of a garment using a simulated wear test.Resistance to chemical permeation of materials used in protective clothing should be evaluated byTest Methods F 739 for continuous contact and F 1383 for intermi
7、ttent contact (that is, splash), or byTest Method F 1407 according to the permeation cup method. Resistance of protective clothingmaterials to liquid penetration should be determined by Test Method F 903.Physical properties of materials used in the construction of protective clothing can be determin
8、edusing a variety of test methods, including Test Methods D 751 (dimensions, weight, breaking strength,elongation, burst, tear resistance, hydrostatic resistance, coating adhesion, tack-tear, low temperatureimpact and bend, accelerated aging, blocking, and crush resistance), D 2582 (puncture propaga
9、tiontear), D 4157 (abrasion resistance), F 392 (flexural fatigue), F 1358 (flammability), as well as manyothers.1. Scope1.1 This test method measures the ability of a vaporprotective ensemble (VPE), including seams, and closures tomaintain a fixed, positive pressure.1.2 This test method measures the
10、 integrity of the suit,glove, boot/bootie, and visor materials, as well as the seams,and closures of a VPE. Exhaust valves fitted in the VPE mustbe sealed or blocked for this test and therefore are notfunctionally tested.1.3 The values as stated in in.-H2O (mm-H2O) units are tobe regarded as the sta
11、ndard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For spec
12、ific hazardstatements, see Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD 2582 Test Method for Puncture-Propagation Tear Resis-tance of Plastic Film and Thin SheetingD 4157 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method
13、)3F 392 Test Method for Flex and Durability of FlexibleBarrier Materials1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 onProtective Clothing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F23.30 onChemicals.Current edition approved May 10, 1997. Published July 1997. Originallypu
14、blished as F 1052 87. Last previous edition F 1052 87 (1991).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.
15、3Withdrawn1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.F 739 Test Method for Resistance of Protective ClothingMaterials to Permeation by Liquids or Gases under Con-ditions of Continuous ContactF 903 Test Method for Resistance of M
16、aterials Used inProtective Clothing to Penetration by LiquidsF 1154 Practices for Qualitatively Evaluating the Comfort,Fit, Function, and Integrity of Chemical Protective SuitEnsemblesF 1358 Test Method for the Effects of Flame Impingementon Materials Used in Protective Clothing Not DesignatedPrimar
17、ily for Flame ResistanceF 1359 Test Method for Determining the Liquid PenetrationResistance Protective Clothing or Protective EnsemblesUnder a Shower Spray Wheel on a MannequinF 1383 Test Method for Resistance of Clothing Materials toPermeation by Liquids or Gases Under Conditions ofIntermittent Con
18、tactF 1407 Test Method for Resistance of Chemical ProtectiveClothing Materials to Liquid PermeationPermeation CupMethod3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 chemical protective ensemble, na combination of achemical protective suit, gloves, boots, respiratory protecti
19、veequipment, and any other clothing and equipment worn toprovide the wearer with integrity against exposure to hazardouschemicals.3.1.2 chemical protective suit, nan item of protectiveclothing which is designed and configured to provide thewearers torso, head, arms, and legs with integrity againstex
20、posure to hazardous chemicals either by itself or in conjunc-tion with other protective clothing.3.1.3 integrity, nthe ability of protective clothing or aprotective ensemble to prevent inward leakage of hazardoussubstances from the outside environment.3.1.3.1 DiscussionFor evaluating air-tight integ
21、rity, theability of vapor protective ensembles to prevent inward leakageof gases is determined by the amount of leakage following theinflation of a vapor protective ensemble to a specified pressureover a specified period of time. Exhaust valves and othercomponents and interfaces may not be functiona
22、lly evaluateddepending on the technique used to fill the protective suit orensemble.3.1.4 protective ensemble, nthe combination of protectiveclothing with respiratory protective equipment, hoods, helmets,gloves, boots, communications systems, cooling devices, andother accessories intended to protect
23、 the wearer from apotential hazard when worn together.3.1.5 protective clothing, napparel used for the purpose ofprotecting parts of the body from a potential hazard.3.1.6 liquid splash protective ensemble, na chemical pro-tective ensemble used to protect the wearer from liquidsplashes.3.1.7 liquid
24、splash protective suit, na chemical protectivesuit used to protect the wearer from liquid splashes ofchemicals.3.1.8 vapor protective ensemble, (VPE), na chemicalprotective ensemble used to protect the wearer from chemicalliquids, vapors, and gases.3.1.8.1 DiscussionIn this test method, the vapor pr
25、otec-tive ensemble will only include those protective clothing itemsor accessories that are necessary for providing air-tight integ-rity.3.1.9 vapor protective suit, na chemical protective suitused to protect the wearer from chemical liquids, vapors, andgases.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The VPE is
26、visually inspected and modified for the test.A test apparatus is attached to the VPE (Fig. 1) to permitinflation to the pre-test suit expansion pressure for removal ofwrinkles and creases, and to equalize/stabilize the air tempera-tures internal and external to the VPE. The pressure is loweredto the
27、 test pressure and monitored for 4 min. If the pressuredrop is excessive, the VPE fails the test and is removed fromservice. The test is repeated after leak location and repair.4.2 Pressure testing of VPEs should be conducted at afrequency recommended by the manufacturer but no less oftenthan upon r
28、eceipt of the garment, after each wearing if the suitis to be reused, and at least annually thereafter.5. Significance and Use5.1 Workers involved in the production, use, and transpor-tation of liquid and gaseous chemicals can be exposed tonumerous compounds capable of causing harm upon contactwith
29、the human body. The deleterious effects of these chemi-cals can range from acute trauma such as skin irritation andburn to chronic degenerative disease such as cancer. Sinceengineering controls may not eliminate all possible exposures,attention is often placed on reducing the potential for directski
30、n contact through the use of protective clothing that resistspermeation, penetration, and degradation.5.2 This test method is only appropriate for chemicalprotective ensembles, such as totally encapsulating protectivesuits, that are designed and manufactured to prevent the inwardleakage of solids, l
31、iquids, gases, and vapors. Garments de-signed to prevent the penetration of solid and liquid chemicalsshould be tested according to Test Method F 1359.5.3 This non-destructive test method is useful as a qualitycontrol tool for manufactures and as a field method for endusers to determine changes in g
32、arment integrity following use.5.4 This test method is useful to end users for determiningthe integrity of vapor protective suits upon receipt from themanufacturer, prior to use, following use and decontamination,following repairs, and as a periodic maintenance test.6. Required Materials Apparatus6.
33、1 Source of Compressed Air:6.2 Test Apparatus for Suit Testing(Fig. 2), including apressure measurement device with the capability of indicating14-in. (6.35-mm) water gage pressure change.6.3 Vent Valve Closure Plugs, or sealing tape.6.4 Soapy Water Solution and Soft Brush.6.5 Stop Watch, or appropr
34、iate timing device.F 1052 97 (2002)26.6 Thermometer, or appropriate temperature measuringdevice.7. Hazards7.1 Take care to provide the correct pressure safety devicesrequired for the source of compressed air used.7.2 Visually inspect all parts of the VPE to be sure that theyare positioned correctly
35、and secured tightly before putting thesuit back into service. Take special care to examine eachexhaust valve to make sure it is not blocked and that anyre-assembly has been performed correctly.7.3 Exercise care to ensure that the inside and outside of theVPE are completely dry before it is put into
36、storage.8. Procedure8.1 Select an area for pressure testing that is away fromdirect sunlight, open doors, drafts, and HVAC registers. Tem-perature variations during testing should not exceed 65F ofthe nominal starting temperature. Testing should be repeated iftemperature variations are outside of th
37、ese limits.NOTE 1Temperature variations during testing should be avoided asFIG. 1 Typical Examples of Suit Modification to Permit InflationFIG. 2 Recommended Pressure Test Apparatus and Typical Test ConfigurationF 1052 97 (2002)3they can result in both false positive and false negative test resultsa
38、ccording to this test method.8.2 Prior to each test, perform a visual inspection of theVPE. Check the VPE for seam integrity by visually examiningthe seams and gently pulling on the seams. Ensure that all airsupply lines, fittings, visor, zippers, and valves are secure andshow no signs of deteriorat
39、ion.8.2.1 Seal off the vent valves along with any other normalinlet or exhaust points (such as umbilical air line fittings orfacepiece opening) with tape or other appropriate means (cap,plug, fixture, and so forth). Test all detachable components aspart of this test method, if their removal is requi
40、red to allow thetest to be completed. Exercise care in the sealing process sothat the VPE components are not damaged.8.2.2 Close all closure assemblies.8.2.3 Prepare the VPE for inflation utilizing one of thetechniques illustrated in Fig. 1. Attach the pressure testapparatus to the VPE to permit inf
41、lation from a compressed airsource equipped with a pressure indication regulator (Fig. 2).Check the leak tightness of the pressure test apparatus atpre-determined intervals by closing off the end of the tubingattached to the VPE and ensuring 5-in. (127-mm) water gagefor 4 min can be maintained. Esta
42、blish intervals for checkingthe integrity of the test device at a frequency sufficient to assurereliable performance.8.2.4 Use the pre-test expansion pressure A, and the TestPressure B, recommended by the VPE manufacturer. However,do not use pressures less than 5-in. (127-mm) water gage forA,and 4-i
43、n. (101-mm) water gage for B. Do not use an endingpressure, C, less than 80 % of the Test Pressure B; that is, donot allow a pressure drop that exceeds 20 % of the TestPressure B.8.2.5 Inflate the VPE until the pressure inside is equal to thePressure A, the pre-test expansion pressure. Allow at leas
44、t 1min to fill out the wrinkles in the VPE. Extend the settling timeif air temperatures inside and outside the VPE are not equal.8.2.6 Release sufficient air to reduce the VPE pressure to theTest Pressure B. Begin timing. At the end of 4 min, record theending pressure as C. Define the difference bet
45、ween the testpressure and the ending pressure, BC, as the pressure drop.8.2.7 If the pressure drop is more than 20 % of the TestPressure B during the 4-min test period, the VPE fails the testand shall be removed from service.9. Retest Procedure9.1 If the VPE fails the test, check for leaks by inflat
46、ing theVPE to pressure A and by brushing or wiping the entire VPE(including seams, closures, lens gaskets, glove-to-sleeve joints,and so forth) with a mild soap and water solution.4Observe theVPE for the formation of soap bubbles, which are an indicationof a leak. Repair all identified leaks in acco
47、rdance with specificmanufacturer instructions if permitted.9.2 Retest the VPE as outlined in Section 8.10. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 VPE was tested as directed in Test Method F 1052.10.1.2 Unique identification number identifying brandname, date of purchase, material of cons
48、truction, and uniquefeatures, for example, special breathing apparatus.10.1.3 Record the actual values for the test pressures A, B,and C, along with the specific observation times. If the endingpressure, C, is less than 80 % of the test pressure, B, identifythe VPE as failing the test. When possible
49、, identify the specificleak locations in the test records. Record the retest pressuredata as an additional test.10.1.4 Manufacturer/model number of the test apparatusused, identified along with the performance capabilities of thepressure gage.10.2 Keep records for each pressure test even if repairs arebeing made at the test location.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionIt is not feasible to specify the precision ofthe procedure at this time because a suitable specimen cannotbe identified for round-robin testing.11.2 BiasNo information can be presented on the bi
