1、Designation: F1092 04 (Reapproved 2010)An American National StandardStandard Specification forFiberglass (GRP) Pultruded Open-Weather Storm andGuard, Square Railing Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1092; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
2、oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification provides the material requirements,con
3、struction, installation, and testing requirements for open-weather deck, storm-and-guard, fiberglass square railing sys-tems. Components are to be manufactured by the pultrusionprocess.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathem
4、aticalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 9, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associat
5、ed with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D570 Test Method for Water Absorption of PlasticsD638 Test Meth
6、od for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of RigidPlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by D
7、isplacementD3846 Test Method for In-Plane Shear Strength of Rein-forced PlasticsD3917 Specification for Dimensional Tolerance of Thermo-setting Glass-Reinforced Plastic Pultruded ShapesE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding Materials3. Terminology Definition3.1 pultrusionproc
8、ess of pulling fiberglass rovings(strands), mats, and other forms of reinforcements such aswoven fiberglass through baths of thermosetting liquid resin,and then through a heated forming die (made of steel) to forma completed composite fiberglass structural shape.3.1.1 DiscussionThe heated die causes
9、 a chemical reac-tion to be initiated in the resin. The liquid resin molecules willcross-link and develop into a hardened plastic that is reinforcedwith the fiberglass.4. Classification4.1 Handrails and stanchions shall be fiberglass pultrudedsquare tube available in the following two types:4.1.1 Ty
10、pe 1FThree-course railing systems, for use alongthe exposed peripheries of freeboards, weather decks, andsuperstructure decks.4.1.2 Type 2FTwo-course railing systems, for use onbridges, platforms, walkways, and elsewhere as needed.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for materials under this specificat
11、ion shall in-clude the following information:5.1.1 Quantity (lineal feet (metres) of railing system).5.1.2 Name of material (fiberglass pultruded square railingsystem).5.1.3 Type (See 4.1).5.1.4 Fiberglass coaming, if specified (lineal feet (metres).(See 6.2.5).5.1.5 Attachment method for stanchions
12、 (see 6.2.6).5.1.6 ASTM designation and year of issue.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Materials:6.1.1 The fiberglass (GRP) pultruded square tube shall be 23 2 314 in. (50 3 50 3 6.4 mm) with the outside cornerradius532 in. (4 mm). A synthetic surface veil shall be theoutermost layer of reinforcement
13、 covering the entire exteriorsurface. The resin used throughout the part shall be either a1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.03 onOutfitting and Deck Machinery.Current edition approved
14、 May 1, 2010. Published June 2010. Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F1092 04. DOI:10.1520/F1092-04R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume
15、 information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.flame retardant isophthalic polyester or a flame retardant vinylester resin containing an ultra-violet radi
16、ation (UV) inhibitor.The fiberglass pultruded square tube shall achieve a flamespread index of 25 or less rating in accordance with TestMethod E84. In addition, the fiberglass pultruded square tubeshall achieve a smoke developed index of 450 or less. Theexterior of the pultruded square tubing shall
17、havea1mil(0.025 mm) minimum polyurethane protective coating foradded ultraviolet protection. The fiberglass pultruded squaretubing shall meet the properties specified in Table 1 anddimensional tolerances shall be in accordance with Specifica-tion D3917.6.1.2 Fiberglass sheet or solid fiberglass bar
18、shall be used tofabricate the internal connectors for the square tube. Theinternal connectors will be 112 3 112 in. (38.1 3 38.1 mm)with length and angularity variable to meet the requirements ofeach connection. Angular connections shall be fabricated fromfiberglass sheet bonded together using a bis
19、phenolA/epichlorohydrin epoxy resin with an amine curing agent togive a minimum thickness of 112 in. (38.1 mm). The angularconnections will be fabricated to the proper dimension from thefiberglass sheets that have been bonded together. Fiberglasssheet used for angular connections shall meet the prop
20、ertiesspecified in Table 1. Fiberglass solid bar, 112 3 112 in. (38.1 338.1 mm), shall be used for the straight connections and shallmeet the properties specified in Table 1.6.1.3 Rivets shall be nickel copper or nonmetallic.6.1.4 Bolts shall be12 in. (12.7 mm) diameter, 316 stainlesssteel.6.1.5 Adh
21、esive used to bond internal connectors to fiber-glass pultruded square tube shall be a bisphenolA/epichlorohydrin epoxy resin with an amine curing agent.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 There shall be a minimum clearance of 4 in. (101 mm)between rail or stanchion centerline and other structure exceptwhere a di
22、rect tie-in is desired.6.2.2 Stanchions and standoffs are to be spaced on 5 ft (1.52m) maximum centers.6.2.3 All top rails are to be located 42 in. (1.067 m) abovethe deck (deck to top of square tube).6.2.4 Railing system height for ladders shall be measuredvertically from the nosing line.6.2.5 Coam
23、ing constructed of fiberglass pultruded materialshall meet the properties specified in Table 1. Fiberglasscoaming shall be 4 in. (101 mm) in vertical height from its topedge to the level of the deck. Fiberglass coaming shall be acorrugated or channel design with a minimum of12 in. (12mm) deep sectio
24、n or minimum12 in. channel leg to developadded strength. It shall be securely fastened to the stanchionusing nickel-copper rivets and with not more than14 in. (6.4mm) clearance above floor level. The thickness shall be at least316 in. (4.75 mm) with the overall depth not more than 1 in. (26mm). See
25、Fig. 1 for example.6.2.6 Fiberglass square tube rail stanchions shall be attachedto the deck or structural supports as follows:6.2.6.1 Attached to steel coaming (Fig. 2).6.2.6.2 Inserted in pedestal/stanchion mount (Fig. 3).6.2.6.3 Attached to structural members (Fig. 4).TABLE 1 Fiberglass Pultruded
26、 Material PropertiesTest Method psi (MPa)Specifications for 2 3 (513 6.4) Pultruded Fiberglass SquareTube and Coaming:Ultimate tensile strength in longitudinal direction D638 30 000 (207), minUltimate compressive strength in longitudinal direction D695 30 000 (207), minUltimate flexural strength in
27、longitudinal direction D790 30 000 (207), minUltimate shear strength in longitudinal direction D3846 5500 (38), minUltimate tensile strength in transverse direction D638 7000 (48), minUltimate compressive strength in transverse direction D695 15 000 (103), minUltimate flexural strength in transverse
28、 direction D790 10 000 (69), minUltimate shear strength in transverse direction D3846 5500 (38), minDensity (lb/in.3(kg/mm3) D792 0.065 (0.00180), minWater absorption (24-h immersion) D570 0.60 max, % by weightSpecification for Pultruded Fiberglass Sheet:Ultimate tensile strength in longitudinal dir
29、ection D638 20 000 (138), minUltimate compressive strength in longitudinal direction D695 25 000 (172), minUltimate flexural strength in longitudinal direction D790 30 000 (207), minUltimate shear strength in longitudinal direction D3846 5500 (38), minUltimate tensile strength in transverse directio
30、n D638 10 000 (69), minUltimate compressive strength in transverse direction D695 15 000 (103), minUltimate flexural strength in transverse direction D790 13 000 (90), minUltimate shear strength in transverse direction D3846 5500 (38), minDensity (lb/in.3(kg/mm3) D792 0.064 (0.00177), minWater absor
31、ption (24-h immersion) D570 0.50 max, % by weightSpecifications for Pultruded 1 3 1 in. (38.1 3 38.1 mm) SolidFiberglass Bar:Ultimate tensile strength in longitudinal direction D638 100 000 (689), minUltimate compressive strength in longitudinal direction D695 60 000 (414), minUltimate flexural stre
32、ngth in longitudinal direction D790 100 000 (689), minDensity (lb/in.3(kg/mm3) D792 0.074 (0.00205), minWater absorption (24-h immersion) D570 0.25 max, % by weightF1092 04 (2010)26.2.6.4 Attached to steel angle (Fig. 5).7. Dimensions7.1 Dimensions for Type 1FThree-course rails shall be inaccordance
33、 with Fig. 6.7.2 Dimensions for Type 2FTwo-course rails shall be inaccordance with Fig. 1.8. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance8.1 All cut edges and holes shall be sealed with a compat-ible resin system containing a UV inhibitor.8.2 All connections shall be made using a one piece solidinternal conne
34、ctor (in accordance with 6.1.2) bonded to theinterior of the square tube using an epoxy adhesive and riveted.The following types of connections are defined:8.2.1 Corner connection (Fig. 7).8.2.2 Splice (Fig. 8).8.2.3 Midrail to stanchion (Fig. 9).8.2.4 Top rail to stanchion (Fig. 10).8.2.5 Stair rai
35、ling system to stanchion (Fig. 11).8.2.6 Stair rail to rail (Fig. 12).8.3 All bolted connections shall have a one-piece solidinternal connector (in accordance with 6.1.2) bonded to theinterior of the square tube through which connector holes willbe drilled. A minimum 1 in. (26 mm) length of the soli
36、dinternal connector will be on each side of the drilled hole.8.4 Additional solid internal connector pieces can bebonded with epoxy adhesive to the interior of the square tubeas desired.9. Test Methods9.1 Test at least one end stanchion and one other stanchionof each platform or deck by application
37、of a load horizontallyin accordance with the methods in “Strength and Stiffness ofMetal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings.”33“Strength and Stiffness of Metal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings,”Journal of Testing and Evaluation, ASTM International, Vol 16, No. 2, March 1988,pp. 214-221.FI
38、G. 1 Fiberglass CoamingFIG. 2 Steel CoamingF1092 04 (2010)310. Keywords10.1 fiberglass rails; marine; open-weather deck; pultruded;railing system; ship; square rails; storm-and-guardNOTE 1All joints to be epoxied and bolted or riveted.FIG. 3 Pedestal/Stanchion MountFIG. 4 Railing System StanchionsSt
39、ructural MembersF1092 04 (2010)4FIG. 5 Railing Systems Stanchions Anchored to Steel DeckFIG. 6 Three-Course RailF1092 04 (2010)5FIG. 7 Corner ConnectionFIG. 8 SpliceFIG. 9 Midrail to StanchionF1092 04 (2010)6FIG. 10 Top Rail to StanchionFIG. 11 Stair to StanchionF1092 04 (2010)7ASTM International ta
40、kes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own r
41、esponsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addres
42、sed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at th
43、e address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).FIG. 12 Stair Rail to RailF1092 04 (2010)8
