1、Designation: F 1130 99 (Reapproved 2009)An American National StandardStandard Practice forInspecting the Coating System of a Ship1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1130; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of rev
2、ision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers a standard procedure for inspectingthe coating system of a ships topside and s
3、uperstructure, tanksand voids, decks and deck machinery, and underwater hull andboottop during drydocking. Included are a standard inspectionform to be used for reporting the inspection data, a diagramthat divides topside and superstructure individual inspectionareas, and a series of diagrams that a
4、re used to report the extentof damage to the coating system.1.2 This practice is intended for use only by an experiencedmarine coating inspector.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are p
5、rovided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-b
6、ility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking ofExterior PaintsD 714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering ofPaintsD 772 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Flaking (Scal-ing) of Exterior Paints2
7、.2 Steel Structures Painting Council:SSPC-PA-2 Measurement of Dry Paint Thickness WithMagnetic Gages33. Significance and Use3.1 This practice establishes the procedure for the inspec-tion of coating systems on board ships. It contains a series ofdiagrams to be used to report the extent of damage to
8、coatings.4. Reference Standards4.1 Extent of FailureThe overall extent of failure dia-grams (see Fig. 1) and the extent within affected area diagrams(see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) are used to report the area covered byvarious fouling organisms, different types of corrosion, andpaint failures. The overall e
9、xtent of failure diagrams are usedfirst to group all areas where a particular type of damage hasoccurred into one contiguous block. The extent within affectedarea diagrams are then used to identify the pattern of damagewithin that contiguous block. (For example, inspection forSection I.A.General Cor
10、rosion (see Figs. 4-7) and generalcorrosion appears distributed over the entire inspection area asshown by the black areas in Fig. 8.)4.1.1 The first step is to draw an imaginary line that wouldenclose all of the general corrosion. This enclosure should beas small as possible. Select the diagram fro
11、m the overall extentof failure diagrams that most closely approximates the en-closed area with respect to the entire inspection area. Using thegeneral corrosion example, the enclosed area (shaded area)would closely match Fig. 9.4.1.2 Enter a “6” (for Diagram 6 in Fig. 1) in the box nextto I.A.1. ove
12、rall extent of failures in Fig. 4.4.1.3 The second step is to look at only the enclosed areaand select the diagram from the extent within affected-areadiagrams that most closely identifies the pattern of generalcorrosion in the enclosed area. In this example, Fig. 10(Diagram N) would be a good choic
13、e.4.1.4 Enter an “N” (for Diagram N in Fig. 3) in the box nextto I.A.1.A. extent within the affected area.NOTE 1Selection of diagrams is based on visual comparisons, andtherefore, different inspectors may select different diagrams. The diagramsare designed to minimize these differences and enhance r
14、eproducibility.4.2 Forms of Mechanical DamageThis reference standard(Fig. 11) is a series of photographs used to identify the variousforms of mechanical damage to a coating that can lead tocorrosion.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships andMarine Technology and is t
15、he direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.01 onStructures.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published October 2009. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F 1130 99 (2005).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Cust
16、omer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor,Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656, http:/www.sspc.org.1Copyright ASTM Internati
17、onal, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.3 Types of CorrosionThis reference standard (Fig. 12)isa series of photographs used to show examples of generalcoating damage. Included could be general corrosion, pittingcorrosion, pin-point corrosion, galva
18、nic corrosion/coating un-dercutting, cavitation corrosion, corrosion along welds, andrust staining.4.4 Levels of DelaminationThis reference standard (Fig.13) is a series of diagrams that identifies the levels in a coatingsystem where delamination can occur.5. Requirements for Inspectors5.1 The inspe
19、ctor must be able to perform the followingtasks:5.1.1 Calibrate and use a magnetic gage to measure dry filmthickness (DFT).5.1.2 Use pH paper or pH meter properly.5.1.3 Use a camera properly.5.1.4 Recognize the various types of corrosion and forms ofpaint failures (blistering, delamination, and so f
20、orth).5.1.5 Recognize the various ship areas as described in Figs.14-16.6. Procedure6.1 The inspection form consists of two pages to be com-pleted by the inspector and four pages of reference standards.Complete the first of the two pages as shown in Fig. 17. Thisform, which is self-explanatory, requ
21、ests general informationabout the ship.6.2 The second page of the applicable inspection form to becompleted by the inspector is shown in Figs. 4-7. Complete aseparate inspection form for each of the inspection areasdelineated in Figs. 14-16. Instructions for completing the form(shown in Figs. 4-7) a
22、re given in Section 7.6.2.1 For the ships topside and superstructure, divide theinspection area into six sections. These six inspection areas aredefined by the diagram in Fig. 14. For each complete inspec-tion, complete one form, shown in Fig. 4, for each section.6.2.2 For the ships tanks and voids,
23、 divide the inspectionarea into seven sections. These seven inspection areas aredefined by the diagram in Fig. 15. For each complete tankinspection, complete one form, shown in Fig. 5, for eachsection.6.2.3 For the ships underwater hull and boottop, divide theinspection area into twelve inspection a
24、reas. These twelveNOTE 1The specific type of failure is to be defined. The failure maybe fouling, corrosion, and so forth. Do not combine all failures into oneoverall extent diagram.FIG. 1 Overall Extent of Failure DiagramsFIG. 2 Extent Within Affected Area Diagrams (B Through K)F 1130 99 (2009)2ins
25、pection areas are defined by the diagram in Fig. 16. For eachcomplete underwater hull inspection, complete one form,shown in Fig. 6, for each section.6.2.4 For the ships deck and machinery, the inspection areais a code which is used to designate an area of the ships deckor a piece of deck machinery.
26、 The purpose of the code is toidentify positively the area being inspected so that a history ofinspection data can be gathered. For sections of the ship otherthan decks and deck machinery (that is, underwater hull,boottop, topside, superstructure, tanks, and voids), it is possibleto develop a genera
27、l diagram of the ship section. Divide theship section into logical inspection areas, and provide inspec-tion area codes for these inspection areas. Decks and deckmachinery vary so greatly between ship types that the devel-opment of a general diagram with logical inspection areas andinspection area c
28、odes is not feasible. It should be the respon-sibility of the organization that authorizes the inspections todevelop the ship diagram, logical inspection areas, and inspec-tion area codes and to make certain that this same codingsystem is used during all subsequent inspections.7. Form Instructions7.
29、1 Inspection AreaThe topside/superstructure is dividedinto six inspection areas (see Fig. 14). Enter the code for thearea being inspected. (For example, enter “SA” for the super-structure aft; “SM” for the superstructure midships;“ SF” forthe superstructure forward; “SO” for other superstructure, th
30、atis, bulwarks, vents, sideport openings, and so forth; “HS” forhull starboard; and “HP” for hull port.)7.1.1 A tank is segmented into seven inspection areas (seeFig. 15. Enter the code for the area being inspected. (Forexample, enter “B” for the bottom of tank inspection, “A” forthe aft bulkhead, a
31、nd so forth.) A complete list of tanksegments and their codes is shown in Fig. 15.7.1.2 The underwater hull and boottop are segmented intotwelve distinct inspection areas. Enter the code for the areabeing inspected. (For example, enter “P1” for the port bowinspection, “S1” for the starboard bow insp
32、ection, and soforth.) A complete list of hull segments and their codes isshown in Fig. 16.7.1.3 Decks and deck machinery vary so greatly betweenship types that the development of a general diagram withlogical inspection areas and inspection area codes is notfeasible. It should be the responsibility
33、of the organization thatauthorizes the inspections to develop the ship diagram, logicalinspection areas, and inspection area codes and to make certainthat this same coding system is used during all subsequentinspections.7.2 DateEnter the date of the inspection. If the inspectionrequires more than on
34、e day, enter the date the inspection iscompleted.7.3 Ship NameEnter the ships name (for example, LPH-14, USS Trenton).7.4 Hull NumberEnter the builders hull number of theship (for example, Nassco No. 1182).7.5 Inspectors NameThe inspector should print hisname.7.6 Tank NumberEnter tank designation.7.
35、7 Tank TypeEnter type (for example, fuel oil, ballast,and so forth).7.8 Required PhotographsFor each inspection area, aphotograph of the entire area is required. If the area is too largeto capture in one photograph, the area should be divided intoequal-sized segments and each segment should be photo
36、-graphed. An individual close-up photograph of each damagedsection in the inspection area is required. Each photographshould be marked with the area number, ship name, and date.Also a size scale should be captured in each photograph. Thissize scale is a reference standard that would be used todeterm
37、ine the approximate size of the photographed ship area.(For example, a 12-in. (304.8-mm) rule might be an appropri-ate size scale for a relatively small ship area.)7.9 Inspection Area ObscuredIf the inspection area iscompletely obscured and cannot be inspected, circle the “Y.”This condition of being
38、 completely obscured will probablyoccur most frequently in the bottom inspection area (“B”)FIG. 3 Extent Within Affected Area Diagrams (L Through V)F 1130 99 (2009)3where dirt and other contaminants have settled. If the inspec-tion area is not completely obscured, circle the “N.”CORROSION8. Classifi
39、cation of Corrosion8.1 The inspector should distinguish between six types ofcorrosion and report each type separately. The six types ofcorrosion are as follows:8.1.1 General CorrosionGeneral corrosion, for the pur-poses of this inspection form, is all corrosion that is notcovered in the mechanical d
40、amage, pitting corrosion, pinpointcorrosion, galvanic corrosion/coating undercutting, or ruststaining in 8.1.2, 8.1.3, 8.1.4, 8.1.5, and 8.1.6. Patches ofcommon, ordinary rusting are classified as general corrosion.FIG. 4 Topside and SuperstructureF 1130 99 (2009)4FIG. 5 Tanks and VoidsF 1130 99 (20
41、09)58.1.2 Mechanical DamageMechanical damage corrosionis corrosion that occurred because the paint was removed fromthe hull by some type of scraping or impact against the hull.With the paint removed and the steel hull exposed to sea water,corrosion occurred. Photographic examples of corrosioncaused
42、by various forms of mechanical damage (that is,scraping/impact, anchor chains/ropes, and internal welds/burning) are shown in Fig. 8.FIG. 6 Underwater Hull and BoottopF 1130 99 (2009)6FIG. 7 Decks and Deck Machinery)FIG. 8 General CorrosionFIG. 9 Overall Extent of FailureGeneral CorrosionF 1130 99 (
43、2009)78.1.3 Pitting CorrosionPitting corrosion is a more ad-vanced form of localized corrosion. Pitting corrosion is char-acterized by visible indentations or pits that have penetratedinto the steel hull surface. These pits distinguish betweenpitting corrosion and general corrosion, the latter being
44、 char-acterized by a layer of rust that does not penetrate locally intothe surface but is more uniform in extent. A photographicexample of pitting corrosion is shown in Fig. 12.8.1.4 Pin-Point CorrosionPin-point corrosion is charac-terized by a pattern of small spots (pin-points) of rust. Aphotograp
45、hic example of pin-point corrosion is shown in Fig.12.8.1.5 Galvanic Corrosion/Coating UndercuttingGalvaniccorrosion is characterized by the rapid deterioration of onemetal at or near a bimetallic joint. Galvanic corrosion some-times results in coating removal or undercutting. A photo-graphic exampl
46、e is shown in Fig. 12.8.1.6 Rust StainingRust staining occurs on top of thecoating with no penetration to the substrate. A photographicexample is shown in Fig. 12.FOULING9. Examination of Fouling (Underwater Hull andBoottop)9.1 Slime:9.1.1 Overall Extent of FailureUsing the overall extent offailure
47、diagrams (diagrams and instruction for use in 4.1), enterthe number of the diagram that most closely approximates theoverall extent of slime fouling. If there is no slime fouling inthis inspection area, enter the number “0” (zero), and leave thenext box (extent within affected area) blank.9.1.2 Exte
48、nt Within Affected AreaUsing the extent withinaffected area diagrams (diagrams and instructions for use in4.1), enter the letter of the diagram that most closely approxi-mates the extent of slime fouling within the affected area. If theoverall extent of failure box as specified in 9.1.1 is marked wi
49、tha “0” (zero), leave the extent within affected area box blank.9.2 Grass:FIG. 10 Extent Within Affected AreaGeneral CorrosionFIG. 11 Forms of Mechanical DamageFIG. 12 Types of CorrosionF 1130 99 (2009)89.2.1 Overall Extent of FailureUsing the overall extent offailure diagrams (diagrams and instructions for use in 4.1),enter the number of the diagram that most closely approxi-mates the overall extent of grass fouling. If there is no grassfouling in this inspection area, enter the number “0” (zero), andleave the next box (extent withi
