1、Designation: F 1139 88 (Reapproved 2004)An American National StandardStandard Specification forSteam Traps and Drains1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1139; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the y
2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification2provides the minimum requirementsfor the design, fabrication, pressure rating, marking, and
3、 testingof steam traps and drains.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion of this specification. This standard does notpurport
4、to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associatedwith its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standardto establish appropriate safety and health practices anddetermine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior touse.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ANSI Standards:3B16.1 Cast
5、Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged FittingsB16.3 Malleable-Iron Screwed FittingsB16.4 Cast-Iron Screwed FittingsB16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged FittingsB16.11 Forged Steel Fittings Socket-Welding and ThreadedB16.15 Cast Bronze Screwed FittingsB16.18 Cast Bronze Solder-Joint Pressure FittingsB16.22 W
6、rought Copper and Bronze Solder-Joint PressureFittingsB16.24 Bronze Flanges and Flanged FittingsB16.34 Steel Valves, Flanged and Buttweld EndsB31.1 Power Piping2.2 MSS Standards:4SP-25 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings,Flanges, and UnionsSP-51 150 lb Corrosion Resisting Cast Flanges and F
7、langedFittings2.3 ASME Standards:5ANSI/ASME PTC 39.1 Condensate Removal Devices forSteam SystemsASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII,Division I, Pressure VesselsASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, W eld-ing and Brazing Qualifications3. Definitions of Terms Specific to Thi
8、s Standard3.1 cold condensate capacity (QC)maximum mass ofcondensate that the steam trap/drain can discharge in1hatagiven pressure and temperature, the trap/drain being fully open(lb/h (kg/h).3.2 draindevice having no moving parts permitting thedischarge of fluids at a fixed or adjustable rate.3.3 h
9、ot condensate capacity (QH)maximum mass of con-densate that a steam trap/drain can discharge in1hatagivenpressure and temperature (lb/h (kg/h).3.4 hydrostatic proof test (PTHP)test used in determiningmaximum allowable pressure (PMA) and maximum allowabletemperature (TMA) (lb/in.2(kg/mm2).3.5 maximum
10、 allowable pressure (PMA)maximum pres-sure that the shell of the steam trap/drain can withstandpermanently at a given temperature (lb/in.2(kg/mm2).3.6 maximum allowable temperature (TMA)maximumtemperature to which the shell of the steam trap/drain can beraised permanently (F (C).3.7 maximum differen
11、tial pressure (DPMX)maximum dif-ference between operating pressure and operating back pres-sure (lb/in.2(kg/mm2).3.8 maximum operating back pressure (PMOB)maximumpermissible pressure measured at the outlet of the steamtrap/drain allowing correct functioning (lb/in.2(kg/mm2).3.9 maximum operating pre
12、ssure (PMO)pressure forwhich a steam trap/drain is rated by the manufacturer.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 onMachinery and Piping Systems.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004.
13、 Published November 2004. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as F 1139 88 (1998).2This specification was developed from Fluid Controls Institute Standards, 69-1Pressure Rating Standards for Steam Traps and 85-1 Standard Production Test forSteam Traps.3Available from A
14、merican National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4thFloor, New York, NY 10036.4Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and FittingsIndustry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three Park Ave.,New York
15、, NY 10016-5990.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.9.1 DiscussionThis pressure is normally a function ofthe limitations related to the internal mechanism of the steamtrap/drain (lb/in.2(kg/mm2).3.10 maximum test pressu
16、re (PTMX)maximum pressureapplied to the steam trap/drain under test including its internalmechanism (lb/in.2(kg/mm2).3.11 minimum differential pressure (DPMN)minimumdifference between operating pressure and operating backpressure (lb/in.2(kg/mm2).3.12 operating back pressure (POB)pressure measured a
17、tthe outlet of the steam trap/drain under operating conditions(lb/in.2(kg/mm2).3.13 operating differential pressure (DP)difference be-tween the operating pressure and the operating back pressure(lb/in.2(kg/mm2).3.14 operating pressure (PO)pressure measured at theinlet of the steam trap/drain under o
18、perating conditions (lb/in.2(kg/mm2).3.15 operating temperature (TO)temperature measured atthe inlet of the steam trap/drain under operating conditions (F(C).3.16 performance characteristics teststests carried out todetermine the operational characteristics of a particular designof steam trap/drain.
19、3.17 production teststests carried out by the manufacturerto confirm that the steam trap/drain functions correctly.3.17.1 DiscussionThese tests may be witnessed by thepurchaser or his representative. In this case, these tests arereferred to as acceptance tests.3.18 steam trapself-contained valve tha
20、t automaticallydrains the condensate from a steam containing enclosure whileremaining tight to live steam, or if necessary, allowing steam toflow at a controlled or adjusted rate.3.18.1 DiscussionMost steam traps will also pass noncon-densable gases while remaining tight to live steam.4. Ordering In
21、formation4.1 Orders for products under this specification shall includethe following information as applicable:4.1.1 Performance characteristics requiredSee Section 7.4.1.2 Certification of performance characteristics if re-quired. See Section 7.4.1.3 Nominal pipe size.4.1.4 Maximum operating pressu
22、re, psig (kPa). See 3.5.4.1.5 Capacity, lb/h (kg/h) (QC or QH). See 3.17 and 3.18.4.1.6 Connection type (that is, threaded, socket weld,flanged). See 5.2.1.4.1.7 Materialsexternal and internal.4.1.8 Type of trap/drain.4.1.9 Maximum test pressure, psig (kPa). See 3.12.4.1.10 Maximum allowable pressur
23、e, psig (kPa). See 3.14.4.1.11 Pressure differential (operating, maximum, or mini-mum, or combination thereof).4.1.12 Notice for Acceptance TestIf the purchaser wishesto witness the production tests, this shall be specified in theorder. See 8.2.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Materials:5.1.1 The pre
24、ssure ratings established under this specifica-tion are based upon materials of high quality produced underregular control of chemical and mechanical properties by arecognized process. The manufacturer shall be prepared tocertify that his product has been so produced and that themechanical and chemi
25、cal properties thereof, as proved by testspecimens and nondestructive testing or as documented bycertifications from the producer or recognized distributor ofthese materials, are at least equal to the requirements of theappropriate specifications.5.1.2 Housings of traps/drains, and other parts or bo
26、lting, orcombination thereof, used for pressure retention, shall beconstructed of materials in accordance with ANSI/ASMEB31.1 or Section VIII, Division 1 of the ASME Boiler andPressure Vessel Code.5.1.3 Seals and parts, in addition to pressure containingparts and bolting used for pressure retention,
27、 shall be ofmaterials suitable for the service.5.1.4 Users are cautioned against applications with fluidsthat may react chemically with any materials used in theseproducts.5.1.5 For materials not having values of allowable stresstabulated in Section VIII, Division 1, allowable stresses shallbe deter
28、mined in accordance with the procedures outlined inSubsection C and Appendix P of Section VIII of the ASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Where it can be shown thatthe values of allowable stress listed for a particular material inone product form (because of similar chemistry, mechanicalproperties,
29、 directional properties, heat treatment, and so forth)are applicable to the same material in an unlisted product form,the listed values of allowable stress may be used.5.2 Manufacture:5.2.1 Steam traps/drains with end fittings in compliancewith the following standards may be used within the pressure
30、-temperature ranges permitted by the applicable standard pro-vided the trap/drain housing (less end fittings) is satisfactoryfor these conditions:5.2.1.1 ANSI B16.1,5.2.1.2 ANSI B16.3,5.2.1.3 ANSI B16.4,5.2.1.4 ANSI B16.5,5.2.1.5 ANSI B16.11,5.2.1.6 ANSI B16.15,5.2.1.7 ANSI B16.18,5.2.1.8 ANSI B16.2
31、2,5.2.1.9 ANSI B16.24,5.2.1.10 ANSI B16.34, and5.2.1.11 MSS SP-51.5.2.2 Weld design details, welding, and nondestructive test-ing shall be in accordance with Section VIII, Division 1, of theASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Welders and weldprocedures shall be qualified in accordance with Section
32、 IX ofthe ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.6. Requirements6.1 Pressure Rating and Design:F 1139 88 (2004)26.1.1 The maximum allowable pressure (PMA) and maxi-mum allowable temperature (TMA) rating for steam traps/drains conforming to this specification shall be established byat least one of the
33、following methods:6.1.1.1 Proof test in accordance with the requirementsprescribed in paragraph UG-101 of Section VIII of the ASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code. If burst-type tests as outlinedin UG-101(m) are used, it is not necessary to rupture thecomponent. In this case, the value of “B to be us
34、ed indetermining the maximum allowable pressure shall be themaximum pressure to which the component was subjectedwithout rupture. Safety of personnel shall be given seriousconsideration when conducting hydrostatic tests. Componentsthat have been subjected to a hydrostatic proof test shall not beoffe
35、red for sale.6.1.1.2 Design calculations in accordance with the require-ments prescribed in Section VIII, Division 1 of the ASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code.6.1.1.3 Hydrostatic proof test of a representative productionsample to establish the maximum allowable pressure (PMA)and maximum allowable t
36、emperature (TMA) rating as de-scribed in 8.1.6.1.1.4 Extensive and successful performance experienceunder comparable service conditions with similarly propor-tioned components of the same or similar material may be usedas a basis for rating provided all other provisions of thisspecification are met.
37、6.2 Production Tests:6.2.1 The manufacturer shall production test every steamtrap/drain as described in Section 8 by one of the following testmethods:6.2.1.1 HydrostaticSee 8.2.6.2.1.2 SteamSee 8.3.6.2.1.3 AirSee 8.4.6.2.2 Samples of the traps/drains shall be visually examinedand dimensionally check
38、ed to ensure that the traps/drainscorrespond to this specification and are marked in accordancewith Section 9.6.2.3 Sample steam traps/drains shall be given an opera-tional check steam test to ensure that they open to dischargecondensate and close satisfactorily in accordance with 8.5. Thistest does
39、 not apply to labyrinth (orifice) steam traps/drains.7. Performance Characteristics7.1 A manufacturer may describe the operation of a particu-lar type of steam trap or drain by referring to one or more of theperformance characteristics. When this is done, the associatedtests described in 8.6 must be
40、 performed on a representativeproduction sample. A brief explanation of the derivation ofeach characteristic is given as follows. Further details on testmethods are specified in Section 8.7.1.1 Certification of performance characteristics shall beavailable if required by the purchaser (see 4.1.2).7.
41、2 Minimum Operating PressureThe steam trap shall betested to determine the minimum pressure (atmospheric orabove) at which correct opening and closing will occur.7.3 Maximum Operating Pressure (PMO)The steam trapshall be tested to determine the maximum pressure at whichcorrect opening and closing wi
42、ll occur.7.4 Maximum Operating Back Pressure (PMOB)Thesteam trap shall be tested to determine the maximum pressurepermissible at the outlet of the device that allows correctfunctioning.7.5 Air Venting CapabilityThe steam trap/drain shall betested to determine its ability to discharge air and otherno
43、ncondensable gases.7.6 Operating Temperature (TO)The steam trap/drainshall be tested to determine the temperature at which the deviceoperates and, in particular, the temperature at which it passesits specified capacity.7.7 Condensate Capacity (QH or QC)The steam trap/drain shall be flow tested to de
44、termine its condensate capacitythroughout its operating pressure range.7.8 Live Steam LossThe steam trap shall be tested todetermine the amount of live steam lost through the trap.8. Test Methods8.1 Hydrostatic Proof TestEstablish the maximum allow-able pressure (PMA) and temperature (TMA) rating us
45、ing ahydrostatic proof test of a representative production sample,chosen in accordance with 6.1.1.3 and perform as follows:PMA 5PTHPf!53specified minimum tensile strengthaverage tensile of test specimens of pressure retaining components3stress value at design temperaturestress value at test temperat
46、ure8.1.1 Determine stress values in accordance with SectionVIII, Division 1 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codeor ANSI B31.1.8.1.2 Casting quality factor (f) shall be 1.0 for wroughtmaterials and 0.8 for castings.8.1.3 Gasket leakage during test does not constitute failureunless a result of
47、rupture of a pressure containing part.8.1.4 Do not exceed water temperature of 125F (50C)during the test.8.1.5 Retain certification of the hydrostatic proof test by themanufacturer and make available upon request.8.2 Hydrostatic Production Shell TestGive steam traps/drains a hydrostatic shell test a
48、t a pressure of 1.5 times itsmaximum allowable pressure rating at 68F (20C).8.2.1 Do not exceed water temperature of 125F (50C)during the hydrostatic test.8.2.2 The minimum duration of the shell test shall be asfollows:Nominal Pipe Size Duration18 through 2 (6-50 mm) 15 s212 through 8 (65-200 mm) 1
49、min10 and over (250 mm) 3 min8.2.2.1 Because of the complexity of product shape andsize, the duration of the hydrostatic test may vary, but in nocase shall this duration be less than that given in 8.2.2.8.2.3 No visible leakage through pressure boundary walls orstructural damage shall be evident during the shell tests.F 1139 88 (2004)38.3 Steam Production Shell TestTest steam traps anddrains no larger than 2-in. (50-mm) pipe size on saturatedsteam at their maximum operating pressure but not to exceed250 psig (1820 kPa)
