1、Designation: F1296 08 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Guide forEvaluating Chemical Protective Clothing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1296; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONASTM Committee F23 was established in 1976 for the purpose of producing standards for use inthe evaluation of protective clothing. A
3、significant number of these standards have applied toprotection against chemicals. Chemical protective clothing ranges from aprons and gloves to totallyencapsulating ensembles. Chemical protective clothing is widely used throughout in several differentapplications including the general industry, the
4、 chemical process industry, oil refining, agriculture,hazardous materials remediation, and emergency response.The effective development and selection of chemical protective clothing requires information onseveral aspects of the clothing, including chemical resistance, physical integrity, comfort, an
5、d fit.Some of these characteristics can be evaluated using swatches of the materials from which the clothingis fabricated. Other characteristics require testing of the finished items of clothing. Committee F23 hasdeveloped test methods for both types of evaluations.The successful use of Committee F2
6、3s standards requires an awareness and understanding of eachstandard as well as the interrelationship of the standards.The successful application of chemical protective clothing requires the careful matching of theproper level of protection and performance characteristics of clothing with the potent
7、ial hazard and thefunctional requirements of the tasks to be performed while wearing the clothing.1. Scope1.1 This guide is intended to aid in the application ofstandards for the development, specification, and selection ofchemical protective clothing with the ultimate goal of main-taining the safet
8、y and health of workers who come into contactwith hazardous chemicals.1.2 This guide provides a short description of each refer-enced standard and then makes specific recommendations forthe use of these standards. The referenced standards areorganized under the following headings: Material ChemicalR
9、esistance, Material Physical Properties, Seam and ClosurePerformance, and Overall Clothing Performance.1.3 No protocol can ensure the selection of protectiveclothing that guarantees worker protection. The purpose oftesting is to generate data and information that will allow theselection of the most
10、appropriate clothing. Ultimately, clothingselection is based on technical evaluation of available infor-mation and professional assessment of risk.1.4 The values stated in SI units or in other units shall beregarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem must be used independently o
11、f the other, withoutcombining values in any way.1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylim
12、itations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D747 Test Method for Apparent Bending Modulus of Plas-tics by Means of a Cantilever BeamD751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD1630 Test Method for Rubber PropertyAbrasion Resis-tance (Footwear Abrader)D2582 Test Method for Puncture-Prop
13、agation Tear Resis-tance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on PersonalProtective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF23.30 on Chemicals.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2015. Published February 2015. Origi
14、nallyapproved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F1296 08. DOI:10.1520/F1296-08R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Doc
15、ument Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D3389 Test Method for Coated Fabrics Abrasion Resistance(Rotary Platform Abrader)D4157 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics (Oscill
16、atory Cylinder Method)D4966 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)D5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics (Grab Test)D5151 Test Method for Detection of Holes in MedicalGlovesD5587 Test Method for Tearing Strength of
17、Fabrics byTrapezoid ProcedureD6413 Test Method for Flame Resistance of Textiles (Ver-tical Test)F392 Test Method for Flex Durability of Flexible BarrierMaterialsF739 Test Method for Permeation of Liquids and Gasesthrough Protective Clothing Materials under Conditions ofContinuous ContactF903 Test Me
18、thod for Resistance of Materials Used inProtective Clothing to Penetration by LiquidsF1001 Guide for Selection of Chemicals to Evaluate Protec-tive Clothing MaterialsF1052 Test Method for Pressure Testing Vapor ProtectiveSuitsF1154 Practices for Qualitatively Evaluating the Comfort,Fit, Function, an
19、d Durability of Protective Ensembles andEnsemble ComponentsF1186 Classification System for Chemicals According toFunctional GroupsF1194 Guide for Documenting the Results of ChemicalPermeation Testing of Materials Used in Protective Cloth-ingF1291 Test Method for Measuring the Thermal Insulation ofCl
20、othing Using a Heated ManikinF1301 Practice for Labeling Chemical Protective ClothingF1342 Test Method for Protective Clothing Material Resis-tance to PunctureF1358 Test Method for Effects of Flame Impingement onMaterials Used in Protective Clothing Not DesignatedPrimarily for Flame ResistanceF1359
21、Test Method for Liquid Penetration Resistance ofProtective Clothing or Protective Ensembles Under aShower Spray While on a MannequinF1383 Test Method for Permeation of Liquids and Gasesthrough Protective Clothing Materials under Conditions ofIntermittent ContactF1407 Test Method for Resistance of Ch
22、emical ProtectiveClothing Materials to Liquid PermeationPermeationCup MethodF1461 Practice for Chemical Protective Clothing ProgramF1494 Terminology Relating to Protective ClothingF1790 Test Method for Measuring Cut Resistance of Mate-rials Used in Protective Clothing with CPP Test Equip-mentF2061 P
23、ractice for Chemical Protective Clothing: Wearing,Care, and Maintenance InstructionsF2130 Test Method for Measuring Repellency, Retention,and Penetration of Liquid Pesticide Formulation ThroughProtective Clothing Materials2.2 ANSI Standard:3ANSI Z41 American National Standard for PersonalProtectionP
24、rotective Footwear2.3 ANSI/ISEA Standard:4ANSI/ISEA 105 American National Standard for Hand Pro-tection Selection Criteria2.4 NFPA Standards:5NFPA 1991 Standard on Vapor-Protective Ensemble forHazardous Materials EmergenciesNFPA 1992 Standard on Liquid Splash-Protective Ensembleand Clothing for Haza
25、rdous Materials EmergenciesNFPA 1994 Standard on Protective Ensemble for Chemical/Biological Terrorism Incidents2.5 Federal Regulations:629 CFR Part 1910.120 Hazardous Waste Operations andEmergency Response: Final Rule, Federal Register,Vol54, Mar. 6, 1989, p. 9317, as amended in Federal Register,Vo
26、l 55, Apr. 13, 1990, p. 14073; Federal Register, Vol 56,Apr. 18, 1991, p. 15382 and Federal Register, Vol 59,Aug. 22, 1994, p. 4327029 CFR Part 1910.132 General Requirements, of SubpartIPersonal Protective Equipment, Federal Register,Vol39, Jun. 27, 1974, p. 23502, as amended in FederalRegister, Vol
27、 59, Apr. 6, 1994, p. 16334 and FederalRegister, Vol 59, July 1, 1994, p. 3391029 CFR Part 1910.1000 Air Contaminants, Federal Register,Vol. 39, June 27, 1974.2.6 American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hy-gienists:TLVs and BEIs: Threshold Limit Values for ChemicalSubstances and Physical Agen
28、ts; Biological ExposureIndices73. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 protective clothing, nan item of clothing that isspecifically designed and constructed for the intended purposeof isolating all or part of the body from a potential hazard; or,isolating the external environment from contamination by
29、thewearer of the clothing.3.1.2 For definitions of other terms related to protectiveclothing used in this guide, refer to Terminology F1494.3Available from National Safety Council (NSC), 1121 Spring Lake Dr., Itasca,IL 60143-3201, http:/www.nsc.org.4Available from Industrial Safety Equipment Associa
30、tion, 1901 North MooreStreet, Suite 808, Arlington, VA 22209.5Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.6Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE,
31、Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.7Available from American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists,Inc. (ACGIH), 1330 Kemper Meadow Dr., Suite 600, Cincinnati, OH 45240,http:/www.acgih.org.F1296 08 (2015)24. Significance and Use4.1 The standards under the jurisdiction of Commit
32、tee F23and other technical committees can be used individually or aspart of an integrated protocol in the development, selection,specification, and use of chemical protective clothing.4.2 The standards are intended as a means by whichinformation can be requested, generated, and reported in aconsiste
33、nt, comparable manner.4.3 The suggested evaluation and test methods are recom-mended guidelines only. Test methods offer procedures forevaluating chemical protective clothing at standardized condi-tions to allow comparison.4.4 The information on clothing performance must be com-bined with profession
34、al judgment, and a clear understanding ofthe clothing application, to provide the best protection to theworker. All chemical protective clothing use must be based ona hazard assessment to determine the risks for exposure tochemicals and other hazards. Conduct hazard assessments inaccordance with 29
35、CFR 1910.132.4.5 Chemical protective clothing intended for use duringhazardous materials emergencies shall be evaluated against andconform to NFPA 1991, Standard on Vapor-Protective En-semble for Hazardous Materials Emergencies, or NFPA 1992,Standard on Liquid Splash-Protective Ensemble and Clothing
36、for Hazardous Materials Emergencies, as appropriate for thetype of emergency. For emergencies involving release ofchemical agents during terrorism incidents, chemical protec-tive clothing shall be evaluated against and conform to NFPA1994, Standard on Protective Ensemble for Chemical/Biological Terr
37、orism Incidents.4.6 Recommendations for labeling chemical protectiveclothing are provided in Practice F1301, recommendations forimplementing a chemical protective clothing program areprovided in Practice F1461, and recommendations for prepar-ing care and maintenance instructions are provided in Prac
38、ticeF2061.4.7 Appendix X1 is an example of how several of thereferenced standards can be combined into a protocol to selectthe most suitable chemical protective clothing for a givenapplication. Briefly, the process is one of defining the require-ments of the application and then (by testing) elimina
39、ting thosecandidates that are unsuitable.4.8 Appendix X2 provides a chart to cross reference U.S.Standards with European and International Standards. Thischart shows only analogous standards for measuring the sameproperty or evaluating the similar chemical protective clothingand does not imply that
40、results from different tests will becomparable.5. Evaluation of Material Chemical Resistance5.1 Applicable Standards:5.1.1 Test Method F739 (Resistance of Protective ClothingMaterials to Permeation by Liquids or Gases Under Condi-tions of Continuous Contact)The resistance of a protectiveclothing mat
41、erial to permeation by a test chemical is assessedby measuring the breakthrough detection time, normalizedbreakthrough detection time, and subsequent permeation ratethrough replicate specimens of the material.5.1.1.1 In the permeation test apparatus, the protectiveclothing material specimens separat
42、es the test chemical fromthe collection medium. The liquid or gas collection medium isanalyzed quantitatively for the challenge chemical concentra-tion that permeates through the test specimen as a function oftime after it contacts the material.5.1.1.2 Test Method F739 permits several configurations
43、 ofthe test, including the choice of collection media, detectionsystems, the test temperature, and length of the test.5.1.2 Test Method F1383 (Resistance of Protective ClothingMaterials to Permeation by Liquids or Gases Under Condi-tions of Intermittent Contact)This test method is a variationof Test
44、 Method F739 and is used to measure breakthroughdetection time and permeation rate through specimens ofprotective clothing under the conditions of intermittent contactof the test chemical with the specimen.5.1.2.1 Test Method F1383 is designed to simulate the typeof chemical exposures where chemical
45、 contact occurs throughperiodic exposure or through repeated splashes depending onthe type of task in which the clothing wearer is involved.5.1.2.2 Test Method F1383 permits several options forspecifying the frequency and length of chemical contact withthe material specimens. Because chemical contac
46、t with thespecimen is varied, the test method specifies the reporting ofcumulative permeation as opposed to permeation rate. One ofthe options for using Test Method F1383 is to measure thelength of time for a specific chemical to permeate through acandidate clothing material after a single “splash”
47、exposurefollowed by a saturated vapor exposure. This test protocol cansimulate how clothing is exposed during actual use.5.1.3 Test Method F1407 (Resistance of Chemical Protec-tive Clothing Materials to Liquid PermeationPermeationCup Method)In this test method, permeation of chemicalsthrough a cloth
48、ing specimen is measured gravimetrically. Thechemical is placed in a shallow cup and the clothing specimenclamped over the top of the cup. The interior surface of theclothing surface is left open to air. The cup assembly isweighed periodically, and from the change in weight, thepermeation rate calcu
49、lated and the breakthrough time esti-mated. The clothing material specimen is also observed forvisible changes in appearance that would indicate chemicaldegradation.5.1.3.1 Physical properties of the clothing specimen can bemeasured before and after the exposure as another means forassessing chemical resistance.5.1.3.2 Test Method F1407 is applicable to chemicals withsufficiently high vapor pressure such that they will readilyevaporate upon permeation through the clothing material. Thetest cannot distinguish the permeation of different chemicalsfrom a chemical mixtur
