1、Designation: F 1298 90 (Reapproved 2006)An American National StandardStandard Specification forFlexible, Expansion-Type Ball Joints for MarineApplications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1298; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adopti
2、on or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacture, andtesting of ball joi
3、nts utilized for accommodating thermalexpansion and contraction, or mechanical movement of apipeline carrying fluid. The ball joints are intended for use insystems operating above 0F (18C).1.2 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 7, of this specificati
4、on: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Docu
5、ments2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 395/A 395M Specification for Ferritic Ductile IronPressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Tempera-turesF 722 Specification for Welded Joints for Shipboard PipingSystems2.2 ANSI Standard:B 31.1 Power Piping32.3 American Society of Mechanical Engineers:4ASME Boiler a
6、nd Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII,Division 1, Pressure Vessels Section IX, Welding andBrazing Requirements3. Ordering Information3.1 Each purchase order or inquiry for ball joints to thisspecification shall include the following as applicable:3.1.1 Title, number, and latest revision of this spec
7、ification,3.1.2 Manufacturers part number or ball-joint type infor-mation,3.1.3 Materials for ball joint and seals, if other than to thisspecification,3.1.4 Service conditions,3.1.4.1 Minimum and maximum operating temperature(F),3.1.4.2 Maximum operating pressure (psig),3.1.5 Fluid media (internal),
8、3.1.6 Atmosphere or media (external),3.1.7 ANSI pressure class, facing and drilling of flangedends, and pipe schedule or wall thickness of ends for weld endjoints,3.1.8 Special end connections as defined by the purchaser,3.1.9 Ball sphere or other special coatings, if required,3.1.10 Qualification t
9、est report, if required,3.1.11 Drawing requirements; for example, envelope draw-ing sufficiently detailed to describe the ball joint to be supplied,and3.1.12 Other tests to satisfy customer requirements.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 All pressure retaining components shall be fabricatedfrom wrought
10、 or cast steel. Ductile iron complying withSpecification A 395 may be used for the ball joint retainingring in services not above 350 psig (2.41 N/mm2) or 450F(232C). Steel shall comply with one of the materials listed inSection VIII, Division 1, of the ASME Code, or ANSI B 31.1.4.2 Bolting material
11、 shall be in accordance with ANSIB 31.1.4.3 Ball spheres shall be coated in accordance with themanufacturers standard practice or as specified by the custom-ers specification (see 3.1.9).4.4 Corrosion shall be considered in the design as set forthin UG-25 of the ASME Code, Section VIII, Division 1.1
12、This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 onMachinery and Piping Systems.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2006. Published February 2006. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition ap
13、proved in 2001 as F 1298 90 (2001).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American N
14、ational Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4thFloor, New York, NY 10036.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
15、 19428-2959, United States.4.5 Seals and packing material shall be suitable for theservice intended. This includes being adequate for the pressureand temperature rating and having sufficient resistance toattack by the fluid media and atmosphere specified in Section3.4.6 Welding procedure qualificati
16、on, welder performancequalification, and welding materials shall be in accordancewith ANSI B 31.1 and Section IX of the ASME Code. Brazingor soldering shall not be used.5. Other Requirements5.1 Design:5.1.1 Ball joints shall be designed to conform to applicablesections of the latest edition of ANSI
17、B 31.1.5.1.2 PackingThe design for containment of leakage shallbe of the manufacturers standard design and be qualified byprototype testing of 7.1.5.2 Pressure and Temperature Rating:5.2.1 The maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP)and temperature rating for ball joints conforming to thisspecifica
18、tion shall be established by at least one of thefollowing methods:5.2.1.1 Proof test in accordance with the requirementsprescribed in paragraph UG-101 of Section VIII, Division 1, ofthe ASME Code. If burst type tests as outlined in paragraphUG-101(m) are used, it is not necessary to rupture thecompo
19、nent. In this case, the value of B to be used indetermining the MAWP shall be the maximum pressure towhich the component was subjected without rupture. Compo-nents that have been subjected to a hydrostatic proof test shallnot be offered for sale.5.2.1.2 Design calculations in accordance with the req
20、uire-ments prescribed in Section VIII, Division 1, of the ASMECode.5.3 Each ball joint bolting or retainer nut shall be adjustedfor proper torque.5.4 Where welded construction is used for the fabrication ofpressure containing parts, welded joint design details shall bein accordance with Section VIII
21、, Division 1, of the ASMECode and Specification F 722. Except for fillet welds, all weldsshall be full penetration welds extending through the entirethickness of the shell.5.5 Inlet and outlet connections consisting of welded flangesand fittings shall be in accordance with Specification F 722.When r
22、adiography is required (see 8.2), all welds shall be buttwelds for Class I piping as required by Specification F 722,except packing cylinders, drains, and similar ancillary connec-tions, which may be attached by fillet or socket welds.5.6 Threaded pipe connections shall be limited to thefollowing se
23、rvices:3/4 in. (19 mm) NPS and under1500 psig (10.3 N/mm2) max1 in. (25 mm) NPS and under 1200 psig (8.27 N/mm2) max2 in. (50 mm) NPS and under 600 psig (4.14 N/mm2) max3 in. (76 mm) NPS and under 400 psig (2.76 N/mm2) max5.7 Threaded pipe joints above 2 in. (50 mm) NPS shall notbe used in systems t
24、hat require radiographic examination (see8.2.2).6. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance6.1 CleaningThe internal and external surfaces of the balljoint shall be cleaned of dirt and other foreign material using asuitable cleaner.6.2 Surface PreservationUnless otherwise specified bythe purchaser, the ba
25、ll joint shall be coated in accordance withthe manufacturers standard practice.7. Test Methods or Analytical Methods7.1 Qualification Tests:7.1.1 A ball joint of each standard design shall be certifiedas having undergone the following qualification tests. The balljoint shall not show leakage of the
26、test fluid under theconditions of pressurization stipulated in each test.7.1.1.1 Flex Cycle TestThe ball joint shall be subjected to8000 flex cycles at MAWP and maximum rated temperatureover the rated flex angle. Each flex cycle shall consist ofrotating the ball joint from maximum flex angle on one
27、sidethrough 0 to maximum flex angle on the other side and returnto the original position. The flex cycle rate shall not exceed 4cpm. At the end of 8000 cycles, MAWP shall be held for atleast12 h.7.1.1.2 Thermal CyclingBall joints rated above 200Fshall be subjected to 100 saturated steam pressure cyc
28、les fromatmospheric pressure to MAWP and back to atmosphericpressure. Each cycle shall permit the joint to reach saturatedsteam temperature at MAWP and then cool to ambient tem-perature. At the end of test, MAWP shall be held for12 hatsaturated steam temperature.7.2 Production Tests:7.2.1 Each ball
29、joint shall be subjected to a hydrostatic testconducted at 112 times the 100F (38C) rated maximumallowable working pressure of the ball joint. The test shall bemade with water or other fluid having a maximum viscosity of40 SSU at 125F (52C). Minimum duration of test shall be 15s for ball joints less
30、 than 2 in. (50 mm) nominal pipe size, 1 minfor ball joints 212 in. (63.5 mm) through 8 in. (203 mm), and3 min for larger sizes. The purpose of this test is to detect leaksand structural imperfections. No visible leakage is permitted.7.2.1.1 The pressure-containing boundary components ofeach ball jo
31、int may be individually hydrostatically testedprovided that an assembled prototype has been subjected to ahydrostatic test as outlined in 7.2.1.7.2.1.2 The test arrangement shall be air-free prior topressurization.7.2.2 Ball joints of 2 in. (50 mm) NPS and smaller withother than flanged connections
32、may, at the option of themanufacturer, be air tested to the lesser of 1.2 times the MAWPor 80 psig (0.55 N/m2). The minimum duration of the test shallbe 15 s. Visually detectable leakage through the pressure-retaining walls is not acceptable.7.2.2.1 If this option is exercised, the manufacturer shal
33、l beable to certify that a prototype from each production lot of thesame size ball joint was subjected to a hydrostatic test inaccordance with 7.2.1.F 1298 90 (2006)28. Inspection8.1 Each finished ball joint shall be visually examined anddimensionally checked to ensure it corresponds to this speci-f
34、ication.8.2 Nondestructive Examination of Welds:8.2.1 All welds shall be visually examined in accordancewith ANSI B 31.1.8.2.2 Welded inlet and outlet connections that are equal toor greater than 4 in. nominal diameter or greater than 0.375 in.nominal wall thickness that are in the following service
35、s shallbe 100 % radiographically examined:Service Pressure, psig (N/mm2) Temperature, F (C)Fuel oil above 150 (1) or above 150 (65)Steam above 150 (1) or above 650 (343)Flammable cargo above 225 (1.55) or above 150 (65)Water above 225 (1.55) or above 350 (194)9. Keywords9.1 ball joints; marine pipel
36、ine; marine technology; ships;thermal contraction; thermal expansionASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any
37、 such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are in
38、vited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not receive
39、d a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 1298 90 (2006)3
