1、Designation:F141792 (Reapproved 2005) Designation: F1417 11An American National StandardStandard Test Method Practice forInstallation Acceptance of Plastic GravityNon-pressureSewer Lines Using Low-Pressure Air1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1417; the number immediately followin
2、g the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method pr
3、actice provides procedures for testing non-pressure plastic pipe sewer lines, using low-pressure air toprove the integrity of the installed material and the construction procedures. Two procedures are included to find the rate of airleakagethe constant-pressure method and the time-pressure drop meth
4、od.1.2 This test method shall be practice is performed on lines after all connections and service laterals have been plugged andbraced adequately to withstand the test pressure. The time between completion of the backfill operation and low-pressure air testingmay be specified by the approving author
5、ity.1.3 This test method also may be practice is used as a preliminary test, which enables the installer to show the condition of aburied line prior to final backfill, paving, and other construction activities.1.4 This test method practice is applicable to all gravitynon-pressure sewer lines made of
6、 thermoplastic pipe, reinforcedthermosetting resin (RTRP) pipe, and reinforced plastic mortar (RPM) pipe, defined in Terminology D883, D1600, and F412.1.51.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units
7、that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine th
8、e applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 5.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C828 Test Method for Low-Pressure Air Test of Vitrified Clay Pipe LinesC924 Practice for Testing Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines by Low-Pressure Air Test M
9、ethodD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to PlasticsD2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and FittingsD3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of Fiberglass (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and FittingsF
10、412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems2.2 Uni-Bell PVC Pipe Association Standard:UNI-B-6-90UNI-B-6 Recommended Practice for Low-Pressure Air Testing of Installed Sewer Pipe33. Summary of Test MethodPractice3.1 The section of the line to be tested is plugged. Air, at low pressure, is intr
11、oduced into the plugged line. The line passes thetest if the rate of air loss,leakage, as measured by pressure drop, does not exceed a constant-pressure method or a specified amountin a specified time. Pressure droptime-pressure drop method. The rate of air leakage may be determined by using Table 1
12、 or Table2, or calculated by use of the formulasequations in Section 9.19.1This test method practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-17 F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 onSewer.Current edition approved Mar. 1, 2005. Published March 2
13、005. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as F141792 (1998). DOI:10.1520/F1417-92R05.Current edition approved April 15, 2011. Published April 2011. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F141792 (2005). DOI:10.1520/F1417-11.2For referenc
14、ed ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Available from Uni-Bell PVC Pipe Association, Suite 155, 2655 Villa Cre
15、ek Drive, Dallas, TX 75234.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends
16、that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, We
17、st Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Significance and Use4.1 This low-pressure air testing practice detects damaged piping or improper jointing by measuring the rate at which air underpressure escapes from an isolated section of sewer.4.2 The rate of air loss will indicate indicates the
18、presence or absence of damaged piping or leaking joints. This test methodpractice is not intended to show total system water leakage limits and cannotshall not be used as a quantitative measure of leakageunder service conditions for infiltration or exfiltration.NOTE 1A finding of acceptable air loss
19、 specified in this test method practice can be interpreted as an installation acceptance test in lieu of infiltrationor exfiltration testing.4.3 This test method will ensure the best possible practice provides assurance of initial condition and quality of workmanshipof all property-installedproperly
20、-installed sewer pipe.5. Apparatus5.1 PlugsMechanical or pneumatic type.5.2 Air CompressorA properly calibrated portable, oil-free air source with a singular control panel containing a main shut-offvalve, pressure-regulating valve, 9 psig pressure-relief valve, input pressure gauge, and a continuous
21、 monitoring pressure gaugehaving a pressure range from 0 psi to at least 10 psi with minimum divisions of 0.10 psi and an accuracy of 6 0.04 psi.5.3 Rotameter, standard CFM reading with an accuracy of 6 2%.5.4 Time measuring equipmentA stopwatch or watch with a second hand or digital readout in minu
22、tes and seconds with anaccuracy of 0.1.s.6. Safety Precautions6.1 This low-pressure air testing practice may be dangerous to personnel if, through lack of understanding or carelessness, a lineTABLE 1 Minimum Specified Time Required for a 1.0 psig Pressure Drop for Size and Length of Pipe Indicated f
23、or Q = 0.0015NOTE 1See Practice UNI-B-6-90.NOTE 2Consult with pipe and appurtenance manufacturer for maximum test pressure for pipe size greater than 30 in. in diameter.PipeDiameter,in.MinimumTime,min:sLengthforMinimumTime, ftTime forLongerLength, sSpecification Time for Length (L) Shown, min:s100 f
24、t 150 ft 200 ft 250 ft 300 ft 350 ft 400 ft 450 ft4 3:46 597 0.380 L 3:46 3:46 3:46 3:46 3:46 3:46 3:46 3:466 5:40 398 0.854 L 5:40 5:40 5:40 5:40 5:40 5:40 5:42 6:248 7:34 298 1.520 L 7:34 7:34 7:34 7:34 7:36 8:52 10:08 11:2410 9:26 239 2.374 L 9:26 9:26 9:26 9:53 11:52 13:51 15:49 17:4812 11:20 19
25、9 3.418 L 11:20 11:20 11:24 14:15 17:05 19:56 22:47 25:3815 14:10 159 5.342 L 14:10 14:10 17:48 22:15 26:42 31:09 35:36 40:0418 17:00 133 7.692 L 17:00 19:13 25:38 32:03 38:27 44:52 51:16 57:4121 19:50 114 10.470 L 19:50 26:10 34:54 43:37 52:21 61:00 69:48 78:3124 22:40 99 13.674 L 22:47 34:11 45:34
26、 56:58 68:22 79:46 91:10 102:3327 25:30 88 17.306 L 28:51 43:16 57:41 72:07 86:32 100:57 115:22 129:4830 28:20 80 21.366 L 35:37 53:25 71:13 89:02 106:50 124:38 142:26 160:1533 31:10 72 25.852 L 43:05 64:38 86:10 107:43 129:16 150:43 172:21 193:5336 34:00 66 30.768 L 51:17 76:55 102:34 128:12 153:50
27、 179:29 205:07 230:46TABLE 2 Minimum Specified Time Required for a 0.5 psig Pressure Drop for Size and Length of Pipe Indicated for Q = 0.0015NOTE 1Consult with pipe and appurtenance manufacturer for maximum test pressure for pipe size greater than 30 in. in diameter.PipeDiameter,in.MinimumTime,min:
28、sLengthforMinimumTime, ftTime forLongerLength, sSpecification Time for Length (L) Shown, min:s100 ft 150 ft 200 ft 250 ft 300 ft 350 ft 400 ft 450 ft4 1:53 597 0.190 L 1:53 1:53 1:53 1:53 1:53 1:53 1:53 1:536 2:50 398 0.427 L 2:50 2:50 2:50 2:50 2:50 2:50 2:51 3:128 3:47 298 0.760 L 3:47 3:47 3:47 3
29、:47 3:48 4:26 5:04 5:4210 4:43 239 1.187 L 4:43 4:43 4:43 4:57 5:56 6:55 7:54 8:5412 5:40 199 1.709 L 5:40 5:40 5:42 7:08 8:33 9:58 11:24 12:5015 7:05 159 2.671 L 7:05 7:05 8:54 11:08 13:21 15:35 17:48 20:0218 8:30 133 3.846 L 8:30 9:37 12:49 16:01 19:14 22:26 25:38 28:5121 9:55 114 5.235 L 9:55 13:
30、05 17:27 21:49 26:11 30:32 34:54 39:1624 11:20 99 6.837 L 11:24 17:57 22:48 28:30 34:11 39:53 45:35 51:1727 12:45 88 8.653 L 14:25 21:38 28:51 36:04 43:16 50:30 57:42 64:5430 14:10 80 10.683 L 17:48 26:43 35:37 44:31 53:25 62:19 71:13 80:0733 15:35 72 12.926 L 21:33 32:19 43:56 53:52 64:38 75:24 86:
31、10 96:5736 17:00 66 15.384 L 25:39 38:28 51:17 64:06 76:55 89:44 102:34 115:23F1417 112is over-pressurized or plugs/caps are installed or restrained improperly. It is extremely important that the various plugs be properlyinstalled, restrained and braced to prevent the sudden expulsion of a poorly in
32、stalled or partially inflated plug. Observe thefollowing minimum safety precautions:6.1.1No 6.1.1 During testing, no one shall be allowed in manholes or in the manholes during testing. possible path of a suddenlyexpelled cap or plug.6.1.2 Install and restrain all caps and plugs securely.6.1.3 When l
33、ines are tested, it is mandatory that all the caps and plugs shall be braced as an added safety factor.6.1.4 Do not over-pressurize the lines. Do not exceed 9.0 psig.NOTE 2The axial force on a plug at 49 psig internal pressure isF=Pp D2/4 lb, where D is the inside diameter in inches. Thus, For examp
34、le, theaxial force on an 8-in.30-in. plug at the start of a properly-conducted test 9.0 psig maximum allowable pressure is over 2006 300 lb. Restraint systemsmust be designed to handle these forces with adequate safety factors. Every effort should be made to maintain backfill over the pipe during ai
35、r testing.6.1.5 A regulator or relief valve set no higher than 9 psi shall be included on all pressurizing equipment.7. Preparation of the Line7.1 Clean the section of sewer line to be tested by flushing or other means prior to conducting the low-pressure air test. Thiscleaning serves to eliminate d
36、ebris and produce the most consistent results.8. Procedures8.1 Isolate the section of sewer line to be tested by inflatable stoppers or other suitable test plugs.8.1.1Plug plugs or cap thecaps.8.1.1 The ends of all branches, laterals, tees, wyes, and stubs to be included in the test section shall be
37、 plugged or capped toprevent air leakage. All plugs and caps shall be securely braced to prevent blow-out. One of the plugs or caps shouldshall havean inlet tap, or other provision for connecting an air hose to a portable air control source.8.1.2 Connect the air hose to the inlet tap and to the port
38、able air source and control source.equipment. The air equipment shallconsist of necessary valves and pressure gages to control an oil-free air source and source, to control the rate at which air flowsinto the test section, and to enable monitoring of the air pressure within the test section.8.1.3 Ad
39、d air slowly to the test section until the pressure inside the pipe test section reaches 4.0 psig.8.1.4 After the pressure of 4.0 psig is obtained, regulate the air supply so that the pressure is maintained between 3.5 to 4.0 psigfor at least 2 min d. Depending on air/ground temperature conditions.
40、The conditions, the internal air temperature shouldwillstabilize in equilibrium with the temperature of the pipe walls. The pressure will normally drop slightly until equilibrium isobtained; however, a minimum of 3.5 psig is required.8.2 D After equilibrium is obtained, determine the rate of air los
41、s by either the constant pressure method or the time-pressuredrop method.NOTE 3All test pressures are measured as gauge pressure, which is any pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. Since water produces a pressureof 0.43 psi for every foot of depth, air test pressures must be increased to offse
42、t the depth of ground water over the sewer line. If the ground water levelis 2 ft or more above the top of the pipe at the upstream end, or if the air pressure required for the test is greater than 9-psi gage, thegauge, this air testmethodtesting practice should not be used. Before thethis air test
43、methodtesting practice is used, the ground water level should be lowered by pumpingor dewatering.8.2.1 Constant Pressure MethodAdd air until the internal air pressure of the sewer linetest section is raised to 4.0 psig andthe test pipe section is stabilized as in 8.1. Release theReduce pressure to 3
44、.5 psig to run the constant pressure test. The air-flowrate in standard cubic feet per minute is read directly by a rotameter. Convert this air-flow rate to actual cubic feet per minute ofair leaking from the test section by using the absolute pressure and temperature in the test section. The requir
45、ements for air lossunder the constant pressure method shall be considered satisfied if the air loss does not exceed the specified leakage rate in cubicfeet per minute per square foot of internal pipe surface area.8.2.2 Time-Pressure Drop MethodAir is slowly introduced into the section of pipe to be
46、tested, test section, until the airpressure is raised to approximately 4.0 psi and the test pipe section is stabilized as in 8.1. Disconnect the air supply and decreasethe pressure to 3.5 psi before starting the test. Determine the time required for the pressure to drop from 3.5 psi to 2.5 psi, andc
47、ompare this interval to the required time to decide if the rate of air loss is within the allowable. Minimum holding times requiredby pipe diameter are shown in . Disconnect the air supply and decrease the pressure to 3.5 psi before starting the test. Determinepressure drap time per 8.2.2.1 and 8.2.
48、2.28.2.2.1 1.0 psig pressure dropDetermine the time required for the pressure to drop from 3.5 psi to 2.5 psi, and compare thisinterval to the minimum time for the pipe diameter and the length per Table 1and . If the rate of air loss is greater than or equalto the minimum time for the pipe diameter
49、and length per Table 1, the installation is acceptable.8.2.2.2 0.5 psig pressure dropDetermine the time required for the pressure to drop from 3.5 psi to 3.0 psi, and compare thisinterval to the minimum time for the pipe diameter and length per Table 2. . If the rate of air loss is greater than or equal to theminimum time for the pipe diameter and length per Table 2, the installation is acceptable.NOTE 4The time-pressure drop method assumes an atmospheric pressure of 14.7 psia. Locations of high altitude need compensation for variationin atmospheric pressure to maint
