1、Designation: F 1483 05An American National StandardStandard Specification forOriented Poly(Vinyl Chloride), PVCO, Pressure Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1483; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revis
2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers requirements for materials,dimensions, sustained pressure, accelerated reg
3、ression testing,burst pressure, flattening, impact resistance, workmanship, andmethods of marking for oriented poly(vinyl chloride) (PVCO)pipe for pressure applications.1.2 The PVCO pipe shall be joined using elastomeric seals(gaskets). The joint shall meet the requirements of Specifica-tion D 3139
4、and the elastomeric seal shall meet the require-ments of Specification F 477. The PVCO shall not be joined bysolvent cementing.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values in parentheses are given for informa-tion only.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pe
5、rtains only to thetest method portion, Section 8 of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the appl
6、icability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1598 Test Methods for Time-to-Failure of Plastic PipeUnder Constant Internal PressureD 1599 Test Method for Resista
7、nce to Short-Time Hydrau-lic Failure Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and FittingsD 1600 Terminology of Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(CPVC) CompoundsD 2122 Test Method for Determining Dime
8、nsions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD 2152 Test Method for Degree of Fusion of ExtrudedPoly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings byAcetone ImmersionD 2444 Test Method for Impact Resistance of Thermoplas-tic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup (Falling Weight)D 2837 Test Method for Ob
9、taining Hydrostatic DesignBasis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure DesignBasis for Thermoplastic Pipe ProductsD 3139 Specification for Joints for Plastic Pressure PipesUsing Flexible Elastomeric SealsF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF 477 Specification for Elastomeric Se
10、als (Gaskets) forJoining Plastic Pipe2.2 Other Standards:NSF Standard No. 14 for Plastic Piping Components andRelated Materials3ANSI/NSF Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water SystemComponentsHealth Effects3PPI-TR 3 Policies and Procedures for Developing Recom-mended Hydrostatic Design Stresses for Ther
11、moplasticPipe43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nologies D 883 and F 412 and abbreviations are in accordancewith Terminology D 1600, unless otherwise indicated. Theabbreviation for poly(vinyl chloride) plastics is PVC.3.1.2 PVCO pipeabbreviation for
12、oriented poly(vinylchloride) plastics. PVCO pipe is PVC pressure pipe whichattains a relatively high strength by reorienting the molecules.Conventionally extruded PVC pipe is expanded circumferen-tially (for example, 2-in. diameter is expanded to 4-in. diam-eter) through the application of pressure
13、and temperature. Theexpansion reorients the PVC molecular structure in the hoopdirection, thereby increasing the material strength.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct respons
14、ibility of Subcommittee F17.25 on VinylBased Pipe.Current edition approved Mar. 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originallyapproved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as F 1483 98.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serv
15、iceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the National Sanitation Foundation, P.O. Box 1468, Ann Arbor,MI 48106.4Available from Plastics Pipe Institute, 1275 K St. N.W., Suite 400, Washington,DC 2
16、0005.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.1 expansion ratio (ER)the ratio of the finished PVCOpipe outside diameter to the outside diameter of the originalstarting stock.3.2.2 standard thermoplastic pipe material desig
17、nationcodethe molecularly oriented poly(vinyl chloride) materialsdesignation code shall consist of the abbreviation PVCO forthe type of plastics, followed by the ASTM type and grade inarabic numerals and the hydrostatic design stress in units of100 psi (0.69 MPa) with any decimal figures dropped. Th
18、eASTM type and grade shall be that of the starting stockmaterial. The hydrostatic design stress shall be that of thefinished PVCO pipe.3.2.3 DISCUSSIONA complete material designationcode shall consist of four letters and four figures (for example;a PVCO pipe manufactured from 12454 (Type 1, Grade 1)
19、material starting stock and having an HDB of 7100 psi (48.92MPa) HDS of 3550 psi) (24.46 MPa) will have a materialdesignation code of PVCO 1135).3.2.4 starting stockthe conventionally extruded PVC pipeof uniform wall thickness which will be expanded to a largerdiameter, molecularly oriented pipe.3.2
20、.5 wall-thickness-ratio (WTR)the ratio of the finishedproduct wall thickness to the wall thickness of the startingstock.4. Classification4.1 GeneralThis specification covers PVCO made fromPVC plastic pipe, starting stock, having a hydrostatic designstress of 2000 psi (13.78 MPa) determined in accord
21、ance withTest Method D 2837. Finished PVCO pipe shall have ahydrostatic design stress of 3550 psi (24.46 MPa) or 3150 psi(21.70 MPa) determined by testing in accordance with TestMethods D 1598, with data evaluated in accordance with TestMethods D 2837,asin6.3.2.5. Materials5.1 GeneralPoly(vinyl chlo
22、ride) plastics used to makePVCO pipe meeting the requirements of this specification arecategorized by means of two criteria, namely (1) short-termstrength tests; and (2) long-term strength tests.5.1.1 Supplementary RequirementThis applies whenevera regulatory authority or user calls for the product
23、to be used toconvey or to be in contact with potable water. Potable waterapplications products intended for contact with potable watershall be evaluated, tested, and certified for conformance withANSI/NSF Standard 61 or the health effects portion of NSFStandard No. 14 by an acceptable certifying org
24、anization whenrequired by the regulatory authority having jurisdiction.5.2 Basic MaterialsThis specification covers PVCO pipemade from PVC compounds having certain physical andchemical properties as described in Specification D 1784.5.3 The PVC compound used for the starting stock of thispipe shall
25、equal or exceed the following cell classificationdescribed in Specification D 1784: PVC 12454 (Type 1, Grade1). Recycled materials shall not be used in the compound.5.4 Rework MaterialsClean, rework material, generatedfrom the manufacturers own pipe production, shall be permit-ted to be used by the
26、same manufacturer, as long as the pipeproduced meets all the requirements of this specification.6. Requirements Requirements6.1 GeneralThese requirements are for finished PVCOpipe, unless otherwise noted.6.2 Dimensions and Tolerances:6.2.1 Outside DiametersThe outside diameters and toler-ances shall
27、 be shown in Table 1 and Table 2 when measured inaccordance with Test Method D 2122. The tolerances forout-of-roundness shall apply only on pipe prior to shipment.6.2.2 Wall ThicknessesThe wall thicknesses and toler-ances shall be as shown in Table 3 and Table 4 when measuredin accordance with Test
28、Method D 2122.6.3 Qualification TestsThese tests are for qualification ofthe compound and extrusion process, not for quality control.6.3.1 Sustained PressureThe sustained pressure test shallbe completed for each diameter at initial start-up. Thereafter, itshall be completed whenever there is a chang
29、e in the ER(3.2.1), or the WTR (3.2.5), or whenever a change is made tothe compound which is outside the allowable limits of thePlastics Pipe Institute PVC compound range formula (see PPITR-3). The pipe shall not fail, balloon, burst, or weep asdefined in Test Method D 1598 at the test pressures giv
30、en inTable 5 when tested in accordance with 7.4.6.3.2 Accelerated Regression TestThis test shall be com-pleted on a representative diameter at initial start-up. Arepresentative diameter is one which has an ER, a WTR, and acompound which is the same as the other diameters manufac-tured. Thereafter, i
31、t shall be completed on a representativediameter whenever there is a change in the ER or the WTR, orwhenever a change is made to the compound which is outsidethe allowable limits of the Plastics Pipe Institute PVC com-pound range formula (see PPI TR-3). The test shall beconducted in accordance with
32、7.5.6.3.2.1 The pipe shall demonstrate a minimum hydrostaticdesign basis projection, at the 100 000-h intercept, of 6810 psi(46.92 MPa) or 6040 psi (41.62 MPa) (see Table 1 forHydrostatic Design Basis Categories of Test Method D 2837).At the option of the manufacturer, the accelerated regressiontest
33、 may be used as a substitute for both pressure tests,sustained and burst (6.4.1).6.4 Quality Control TestsThese tests are intended toensure the quality of the finished pipe product.6.4.1 Burst PressureThe minimum burst pressure forPVCO pipe shall be as given in Table 6, when determined inaccordance
34、with 7.6.6.4.2 FlatteningThere shall be no evidence of splitting,cracking, or breaking when the pipe is tested in accordancewith 7.7.TABLE 1 IPS PVCO PipeOutside Diameters and TolerancesNominal Pipe Size, in.Average Outside Diameter,in. (mm)Tolerance, 6in. (mm)4 4.500 (114.30) 0.009 (0.23)6 6.625 (1
35、68.28) 0.011 (0.28)8 8.625 (219.08) 0.015 (0.38)10 10.750 (273.05) 0.016 (0.41)12 12.750 (323.85) 0.017 (0.43)14 14.000 (355.60) 0.018 (0.46)16 16.000 (406.40) 0.019 (0.48)F 1483 0526.4.3 Extrusion QualityThe starting stock pipe shall notflake, crack, or disintegrate when tested in accordance withTe
36、st Method D 2152.6.4.4 Impact ResistanceThe minimum impact resistancefor PVCO shall be as given in Table 7, when determined inaccordance with 7.8.NOTE 1The impact resistance test is intended for use only as aquality-control test, not as a simulated service test. This test has beenfound to have no qu
37、ality-control significance in sizes over 12 in. (300mm).6.4.5 Workmanship, Finish, and AppearanceThe pipeshall be homogeneous throughout and free from visible cracks,holes, foreign inclusions, or other defects. The pipe shall be asuniform as commercially practicable in color, opacity, density,and ot
38、her physical properties.NOTE 2Color and transparency or opacity should be specified in thecontract or purchase order.7. Test Methods7.1 ConditioningCondition the test specimen at 73.4 63.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity for not lessthan 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of
39、Practice D 618 for those tests where conditioning is required.7.2 Test ConditionsConduct the tests in the standardlaboratory atmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 65 % relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the testmethods or in this specification.7.3 SamplingThe selection of the samp
40、le or samples ofpipe shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser and theseller. In case of no prior agreement, the sample selection of themanufacturer shall be deemed adequate.7.3.1 Test SpecimensNot less than 50 % of the test speci-mens required for any pressure test shall have at least a part of
41、the marking in their central sections. The central section is thatportion of pipe which is at least one pipe diameter away froman end closure.7.4 Sustained Pressure TestSelect the test specimens atrandom. Test individually with water at the internal pressuregiven in Table 5, six specimens of pipe, e
42、ach specimen shall be3 ft long (1000 mm) between end closures and bearing thepermanent marking on the pipe. Maintain the specimens at thepressure indicated for a period of 1000 h. Hold the pressure asclosely as possible, but within 610 psi (670 kPa). Conditionthe specimens at the test temperature of
43、 73.46 3.6F (23 62C).7.4.1 Maintain the test temperature at 73.4 6 3.6F (23 62C). Test in accordance with Test Methods D 1598, exceptmaintain the pressure at the values given in Table 5 for 1000 h.Failure of two of six specimens tested shall constitute failure inthe test. Failure of one of the six s
44、pecimens tested is cause forretest of six additional specimens. Failure of one of the sixspecimens tested in retest shall constitute failure in the test.Evidence of failure of the pipe shall be as defined in TestMethods D 1598.7.5 Accelerated Regression TestTest in accordance withprocedures in Test
45、Methods D 1598, except that restrained endfittings shall be permitted to be employed. A minimum of sixsamples will be tested at pressures selected to yield data pointsas follows:0.010 to 0.099 h (36 s to 6 min)0.10 to 0.999 h (6 min to 1 h)1.00 to 9.999 h10.0 to 99.999 h100.0 to 100+ h0 to 100+ h (r
46、andom point)Additional points may be added if necessary to improveprojection or LCL, or both. No points shall be excluded unlessan obvious defect is detected in the failure area of the testsample. Characterize the results using the least squares ex-trapolation described in Test Method D 2837.NOTE 3C
47、aution: Since rupture of the test specimen is expected inquick-burst and high-strength regression testing, well-shielded test equip-ment and protective personal equipment should be used when conductingthe tests.7.6 Burst PressureDetermine the minimum burst pressurewith at least five specimens in acc
48、ordance with Test MethodD 1599, having the lengths specified in 7.4. The time of testingof each specimen shall be not less than 60 s.NOTE 4Times greater than 60 s may be needed to bring the larger-sized specimens to the burst pressure. The test is more difficult to passusing greater pressuring times
49、.7.7 FlatteningFlatten three specimens of the pipe, 2 in.(50 mm) long, between parallel plates in a suitable press untilthe distance between the plates is 40 % of the outside diameterof the pipe. The rate of loading shall be uniform and such thatthe compression is completed within 2 to 5 min. Upon removalof the load, examine the specimens for evidence of splitting,cracking, or breaking.7.8 Impact ResistanceDetermine the impact resistance inaccordance with the specification requirement section of TestMethod D 2444. Test at 73.4 6 3.6F
