1、Designation: F1494 03 (Reapproved 2011)F1494 13Standard Terminology Relating toProtective Clothing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1494; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard defines the specialized terms used in standards developed by Committee F23 on Protective Clothing.1.2 Definitions of
3、Terms, which were drafted for use only in a single standard, are also included for convenient reference. UnderASTM rules they may become full definitions in the future, if they are used in additional standards.1.3 Additional terminology relevant to protective clothing and to the components of protec
4、tive clothing can be found inTerminology D123, D1566, and D4805.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD4805 Terminology for Plastics Standards (Withdrawn 2002)3F739 Test Method for Permeation of Liquids and Gases through P
5、rotective Clothing Materials under Conditions of ContinuousContactF955 Test Method for Evaluating Heat Transfer through Materials for Protective Clothing Upon Contact with Molten SubstancesF1001 Guide for Selection of Chemicals to Evaluate Protective Clothing MaterialsF1002 Performance Specification
6、 for Protective Clothing and the Materials from Which It Is Made for Use by Workers Exposedto Specific Molten Substances and Related Thermal HazardsF1060 Test Method for Thermal Protective Performance of Materials for Protective Clothing for Hot Surface ContactF1154 Practices for Qualitatively Evalu
7、ating the Comfort, Fit, Function, and Durability of Protective Ensembles and EnsembleComponentsF1291 Test Method for Measuring the Thermal Insulation of Clothing Using a Heated ManikinF1358 Test Method for Effects of Flame Impingement on Materials Used in Protective Clothing Not Designated Primarily
8、 forFlame ResistanceF1359 Test Method for Liquid Penetration Resistance of Protective Clothing or Protective Ensembles Under a Shower SprayWhile on a MannequinF1383 Test Method for Permeation of Liquids and Gases through Protective Clothing Materials under Conditions of IntermittentContactF1407 Test
9、 Method for Resistance of Chemical Protective Clothing Materials to Liquid PermeationPermeation Cup MethodF1414 Test Method for Measurement of Cut Resistance to Chain Saw in Lower Body (Legs) Protective ClothingF1449 Guide for Industrial Laundering of Flame, Thermal, and Arc Resistant ClothingF1458
10、Test Method for Measurement of Cut Resistance to Chain Saw of Foot Protective DevicesF1461 Practice for Chemical Protective Clothing ProgramF1670 Test Method for Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing to Penetration by Synthetic BloodF1671 Test Method for Resistance of Materials Used in
11、 Protective Clothing to Penetration by Blood-Borne Pathogens UsingPhi-X174 Bacteriophage Penetration as a Test System1 This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF23.91 on Editorial.Cu
12、rrent edition approved Feb. 1, 2011July 1, 2013. Published March 2011July 2013. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20032011 asF1494 03.F1494 03 (2011). DOI: 10.1520/F1494-03R11.10.1520/F1494-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contac
13、tASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended
14、 only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current v
15、ersionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1F1731 Practice for Body Measurements and Sizing of Fire and Rescue Services Uniforms and Other Therma
16、l Hazard ProtectiveClothingF1818 Specification for Foot Protection for Chain Saw Users3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:after-flame time, nthe length of time for which a material continues to flame after the ignition source has been removed.(F23.20) F1358afterglow, na glow in a material after the remova
17、l of an external ignition source or after the cessation (natural or induced) offlaming of the material (see also glow). (F23.20) F1358agar, na semisolid culture medium used to support the growth of bacteria and other micro-organisms. (F23.40) F1671analytical detection limit, na number, expressed in
18、units of concentration (or amount), that describes the lowest concentrationlevel (or amount) that an analyst can determine to be different from an analytical blank (background level). (F23.70) F1461airborne exposure pathways, ninhalation routes of exposure to the medical face mask wearer.analytical
19、technique, na procedure whereby the concentration of the test chemical in a collection medium is quantitativelydetermined. (F23.30) F739anisotropic, adjhaving different values for a specific property in different directions. (F23.20) F1358armhole, nin garment construction, the area of a garment thro
20、ugh which the arm passes or into which a sleeve is fitted. (Seearmscye. ) (F23.60) F1731armscye, nin garment construction, the opening in a garment for the attachment of a fitted sleeve. (See armhole.) (F23.60)F1731aseptic, adjsterile, free from viable microbiological contamination. (F23.40) F1671as
21、say, nanalysis of a mixture to determine the presence or concentration of a particular component. (F23.40) F1671assay fluid, na sterile liquid used to wash the test specimen surface to determine microbiological penetration. (F23.40) F1671authority having jurisdiction, nthe organization, office, or i
22、ndividual responsible for approving any equipment, installation, orprocedure. (F23.20) F1818back waist length, nin body measurements, the vertical distance along the spine from the cervical to the waist. (F23.60) F1731bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE), nthe effectiveness of medical face mask mat
23、erial in preventing the passage of aerosolizedbacteria; expressed in the percentage of a known quantity that does not pass the medical face mask material at a given aerosolflow rate.bacteriophage, na type of virus which infects bacteria. (F23.40) F1671bartack, nin garment construction, a reinforceme
24、nt at points of strain. (F23.60) F1731biological monitoring, nthe chemical analysis of chemicals or metabolites, or both, from a workers blood, urine, fingernails,sweat, breath, and so forth. (F23.70) F1461body dimension, nin garment construction, a body measurement which can be used to build a sizi
25、ng system or to select anappropriately sized garment. (F23.60) F1731body fluid, nany liquid produced, secreted, or excreted by the human body.body fluid simulant, na liquid which is used to act as a model for human body liquids. (F23.40) F1670, F1671body measurement, nin anthropometry, a standardize
26、d distance between two specified points on the human anatomy. (F23.60)F1731break-openin testing thermal protective material, a response evidenced by the formation of a hole in the material, which allowsthe molten substance to pass through the material. (F23.80) F955breakthrough detection time, nthe
27、elapsed time measured from the start of the test to the sampling time that immediatelyprecedes the sampling time at which the test chemical is first detected. (F23.30) F739, F1383buddy system, na means of organizing employee work groups whereby each participant is matched with another so that prompt
28、assistance can be rendered in the case of any emergency. (F23.70) F1461F1494 132burn distance, nthe measurement from the bottom edge of the specimen to the farthest point that shows evidence of damagedue to combustion. (F23.20) F1358burning behavior, nall the changes that take place when materials o
29、r products are exposed to a specified ignition source.(F23.20) F1358bust girth, nin body measurement, the circumference of the body over the fullest part of the breasts and parallel to the floor.(See chest girth.) (F23.60) F1731care and maintenance, neffective cleaning to remove soil and maximize us
30、e life of garments while maintaining (not removing)protective properties. (F23.80) F1449centerline, nin foot protective devices, a line which extends from the toe of the footwear horizontally along the sole to the heelvertically to the top of the footwear, and diagonally to the point of intersection
31、 at the toe. (F23.20) F1458certification, na system whereby an organization determines that a manufacturer has demonstrated the ability to make a productthat complies with the requirements of the specification, authorizes the manufacturer to use a label on products that comply withthe requirements o
32、f the specification, and conducts a follow-up program to verify the methods the manufacturer uses todetermine compliance with the requirements of this specification. (F23.20) F1818certification organization, nan independent, third party organization that determines product compliance with the requir
33、ementsof the specification with a labeling and listing follow-up program. (F23.20) F1818cervical, nin body measurements, the most prominent bone at the base of the neck. (F23.60) F1731chain saw, na portable power operated tool used for cutting wood which has cutters linked in a chain. (F23.20) F1414
34、, F1458chain speed, nthe velocity of synchronized movement of linked cutters around a bar and sprocket. (F23.20) F1414, F1458chainstop, nfor chainsaw cut resistance, the resulting action when a material clogs (jams) the drive sprocket or slows the speedsufficiently to prevent advancement of the chai
35、n saw. (F23.20) F1414, F1458, F1818challenge chemicala chemical used to contact a protective clothing material sample to determine chemical/protective clothingmaterial interactions or compatibility. (F23.30) F1001challenge suspension, na liquid containing an agent that is used to test the penetratio
36、n resistance of materials. (F23.40) F1671charringthe formation of a carbonaceous residue as the result of pyrolysis or incomplete combustion. (F23.80) F1060chemical protective clothing (CPC), nany material or combination of materials used in an item of clothing for the purpose ofisolating parts of t
37、he body from direct contact with a potentially hazardous chemical. (F23.70) F1461chemical-protective suit ensemblethe combination of a chemical-protective suit (totally encapsulating, splash-protective) withthe wearers protective clothing with respiratory protective equipment, hoods, helmets, gloves
38、, boots, communications system,and cooling device, or some combination of those.systems, cooling devices, and other accessories intended to protect the wearerfrom a chemical hazard when worn together. (F23.50) F1154, F1359chest, nin garment construction, a measurement taken from below each armhole s
39、eam straight across the garment while it is laidflat. (F23.60) F1731chest girth, n in body measurements, the circumference of the body over the shoulder blades, under the arms and across theupper chest. (See bust girth.) (F23.60) F1731clo, na unit of thermal resistance (insulation) equal to 0.155 K-
40、m2/W. (F23.60) F1291DISCUSSIONThe value of the clo was selected as roughly the insulation value of typical indoor clothing, which should keep a resting man (producing heat at therate of 58 W/m2) comfortable in an environment at 21C, air movement 0.1 m/s.closed-loop, adjrefers to a testing mode in wh
41、ich the collection medium volume is fixed. (F23.30) F739, F1383clothing ensemble, na group of garments worn together on the body at the same time. (F23.60) F1291collection medium, na liquid or gas that does not affect the measured permeation and in which the test chemical is freely solubleor adsorbe
42、d to a saturation concentration greater than 0.5 weight or volume percent. (F23.30) F1383combustion, na chemical process of oxidation that occurs at a rate fast enough to produce heat and usually light either as glowor flames. (F23.20) F1358F1494 133contact time, n in an intermittent contact test, t
43、he duration during each cycle that the challenge side chamber of the permeationcell is filled with the test chemical. (F23.30) F1383core temperature, nthe mean temperature of the thermal core.crotch, nin anatomy, the body area adjacent to the vertex of the included angle between the legs. (F23.60) F
44、1731cuff, nin garment construction, a finished edge at the end of either a garment sleeve or trouser leg created by turning back orrolling up and stitching the fabric. (F23.60) F1731cumulative permeation, nthe total mass of chemical that permeates during a specified time from when the material is fi
45、rstcontacted. (F23.30) F1383, F1407cut resistance, nin chainsaw testing, the ability of a material, while in contact with the linked cutters, to resist cut through ofthe cutters of a moving saw chain, independent of either jamming or chain stop. (F23.20) F1414, F1458, F1818.cut resistance (blade), n
46、in blade cut testing, the property that hinders cut through when a material or a combination of materialsis exposed to a sharp-edged device.cut-through time, nfor chainsaw cut resistance, the time required for a running chainsaw to effect complete breakthrough ofa protective garment or protective de
47、vice. (F23.20) F1414, F1458, F1818cycle time, nin an intermittent contact test, the interval of time from the start of one contact period to the start of the next contactperiod. (F23.30) F1383decontamination, nthe removal of a contaminant or contaminants from the surface or matrix, or both, of CPC t
48、o the extentnecessary for its next intended action (for example, reuse and disposal). (F23.70) F1461drippingin testing thermal protective material, a response evidenced by flowing of the fiber polymer. (F23.80) F955ease, nin garment construction, the difference between garment measurement and body m
49、easurement. (F23.60) F1731elastomer, na term often used for rubber and polymers that have properties similar to rubber. (F23.70) F1461elbow, nin anatomy, the joint that articulates between the upper arm and the lower arm. (F23.60) F1731embrittlementthe formation of a brittle residue as a result of pyrolysis or incomplete combustion. (F23.80) F955, F1060, F1358end user, nfor the purpose of this guide, this term is used to identify specifically the party requiring protective clothing (forexample, the employer o
