1、Designation: F 1508 96 (Reapproved 2004)An American National StandardStandard Specification forAngle Style, Pressure Relief Valves for Steam, Gas, andLiquid Services1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1508; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforig
2、inal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers spring-loaded, angle style,pressure
3、relief valves for steam, gas, and liquid systemapplications (excluding boiler safety and hydraulic systemrelief valves).2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 105/A 105M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings forPiping ApplicationsA 125 Specification for Steel Springs, Helical, Heat-TreatedA
4、182 Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy-Steel PipeFlanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature ServiceA 193 Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless SteelBolting Materials for High-Temperature ServiceA 194/A 194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy SteelNuts for Bolts f
5、or High Pressure or High TemperatureService, or BothA 216/A 216M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon,Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Ser-viceA 217/A 217M Specification for Steel Castings, MartensiticStainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suit-able for High-Tempera
6、ture ServiceA 227/A 227M Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawnfor Mechanical SpringsA 229/A 229M Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Temperedfor Mechanical SpringsA 231/A 231M Specification for Chromium-Vanadium Al-loy Steel Spring WireA 276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and ShapesA 313/A
7、313M Specification for Stainless Steel SpringWireA 351/A 351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic,Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex), for Pressure-Containing PartsA 479/A 479M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars andShapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure VesselsA 494/A 494M Specification for Ca
8、stings, Nickel andNickel AlloyA 689 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars forSpringsB 21/B 21M Specification for Naval Brass Rod, Bar, andShapesB 61 Specification for Steam or Valve Bronze CastingsB 62 Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce MetalCastingsB 148 Specification for Aluminu
9、m-Bronze Sand CastingsB 164 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, andWireB 637 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Nickel Al-loy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature ServiceD 5204 Classification System for Polyamide-Imide (PAI)Molding and Extrusion MaterialsF 467 Sp
10、ecification for Nonferrous Nuts for General UseF 468 Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws,and Studs for General Use2.2 ANSI Standards:3ANSI B.1 Unified Screw ThreadsANSI B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged FittingsANSI B16.34 ValvesFlanged, Threaded, and WeldingEnd2.3 ASME Standard:4Boiler
11、and Pressure Vessel Code2.4 API Standards:5API Standard 526 Flanged Steel Safety-Relief ValvesAPI Standard RP 520, Part 1 Recommended Practice forthe Design and Installation of Pressure-Relieving Systemsin Refineries1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Mari
12、ne Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 onMachinery and Piping Systems.Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as F 1508 96.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.a
13、stm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.4Available from
14、 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.5Available from The American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW,Washington, DC 20005.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken
15、, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.5 Federal Specifications:6QQ-N-281 Nickel-Copper Alloy Bar, Rod, Plate, Sheet,Strip, Wire, Forgings, and Structural and Special ShapedSectionsQQ-N-286 Nickel-Copper-Aluminum Alloy, Wrought(UNS N05500)2.6 Military Standards and Specifications:6MIL-STD-167-1 Mechanical
16、 Vibrations of ShipboardEquipment (Type IEnvironmental and Type IIInternally Excited)MIL-STD-1330 Cleaning and Testing of Shipboard Oxy-gen, Nitrogen and Hydrogen Gas Piping SystemsMIL-F-1183 Fittings, Pipe, Cast Bronze, Silver Brazing,General Specification forMIL-F-20042 Flanges, Pipe and Bulkhead,
17、 Bronze (SilverBrazing)MIL-P-46122 Plastic Molding Material and Plastic Extru-sion Material, Polyvinylidene Fluoride Polymer and Co-polymerMIL-R-17131 Rods, Welding, SurfacingMIL-S-901 Shock Tests, H.I. (High-Impact); ShipboardMachinery, Equipment and Systems, Requirements forMS 16142 Boss, Gasket-S
18、eal Straight Thread Tube Fitting,Standard Dimensions forMS 51840 Plug, Machine Thread, O-ring2.7 Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA):6Drawings:803-1385884 Unions, Fittings and Adapters, Butt andSocket Welding, 6000 PSI, WOG IPS803-1385943 Unions, Silver Brazing, 3000 PSI, WOG IPS,for UT Inspection803
19、-1385946 Unions, Bronze Silver Brazing, WOG, for UTInspection3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 accumulationthe increase in static pressure abovethe set pressure during discharge through the valve, when thevalve passes the rated flow. Accumulation is expressed inpound-force per square inch or as a
20、percent of the set pressure.3.1.2 accumulation pressurethe set pressure plus the ac-cumulation. Accumulation pressure is expressed in pound-force per square inch gage.3.1.3 blowdownthe difference between the set pressureand the reseating pressure. Blowdown is expressed in pound-force per square inch
21、 or a percent of the set pressure. Theaccumulation and blowdown establish the operating band ofthe pressure relief valve at a particular set pressure.3.1.4 blowdown pressurethe set pressure minus the blow-down. Blowdown pressure is expressed in pound-force persquare inch gage.3.1.5 built-up backpres
22、surethe static discharge pressure atthe outlet of a pressure relief valve caused by the pressure dropin the discharge piping while the valve is discharging.3.1.6 gagging devicea device, normally a screw (alsocalled test gag), used to prevent the pressure relief valve fromopening during a hydrostatic
23、 pressure test of the equipment onwhich it is installed.3.1.7 inlet pipingwhen used in this specification, refers toall piping and fittings between the source and the inletconnection to the pressure relief valve.3.1.8 instability (chatter, flutter)an unstable operation ofthe pressure relief valve ch
24、aracterized by rapid seating andunseating of the disk during discharge. This hammering of thedisk on the seat can cause high loading forces, which can leadto damage and rapid failure of the seating and sliding surfaces.3.1.9 maximum system operating pressurethe highestpressure that can exist in a sy
25、stem, vessel, or component undernormal (noncasualty) operating conditions. This is a normal(noncasualty) pressure that the pressure relief valve is notintended to protect against. This pressure can be the result ofinfluences such as pump or compressor shutoff pressure,pressure regulating valve locku
26、p (no flow) pressure, and soforth.3.1.10 opening pressurethe value of increasing inletstatic pressure of a pressure relief valve at which there is ameasurable lift, or at which the discharge becomes continuousby seeing, feeling, or hearing.3.1.11 outlet piping (or discharge piping)when used inthis s
27、pecification, refers to all piping and fittings between thepressure relief valve outlet connection and the main, tank, oratmosphere to which the pressure relief valve relieves.3.1.12 popping pressurethe value of increasing inlet staticpressure at which the disk moves in the opening direction at afas
28、ter rate as compared with the corresponding movement athigher or lower pressures. It generally applies to valves withcompressible fluid service such as steam, gas, and so forth.3.1.13 pressure relief valvean automatic pressure reliev-ing device actuated by the static pressure upstream of the valvean
29、d characterized by either rapid opening (pop action for gas,vapor, or steam) or gradual opening (for liquids).3.1.14 primary and secondary pressure zones of pressurerelief valveprimary pressure zone refers to all portions of thepressure-containing envelope subject to inlet pressure; second-ary press
30、ure zone refers to all portions of the pressure-containing envelope subject to outlet or discharge pressure(includes spring housing of nonvented valves).3.1.15 relieving capacity (also called flow capacity)thepressure relief valve is defined as the quantity of pressuremedium relieving through the pr
31、essure relief valve at theaccumulation pressure, such as pound per hour of steam, gallonper minute of water at 70F, or SCFM (standard cubic feet perminute at 60F and 14.7 psia) of air, as applicable.3.1.16 set pressurethe value of increasing inlet staticpressure at which a pressure relief valve disp
32、lays one of theoperational characteristics as defined under opening pressure,or start-to-leak pressure. Set pressure is expressed in pound-force per square inch gage.3.1.17 set pressure rangethe range over which the setpressure can be adjusted with the installed spring.3.1.18 set pressure tolerancet
33、he permissible plus or mi-nus deviation from the specified set pressure. Set pressure6Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.F 1508 96 (2004)2tolerance is expressed in pound-force per square inch or as apercen
34、t of the set pressure.3.1.19 sourcewhen used in this specification, refers to thepressure container being protected from overpressure by thepressure relief valve, for example, piping main, pressure vesselor tank, casing, and so forth.3.1.20 start-to-leak pressurethe value of increasing inletstatic p
35、ressure at which the first bubble occurs when a pressurerelief valve for compressible fluid service of the resilient diskdesign is tested by means of air under a specified water seal onthe outlet.3.1.21 superimposed backpressurethe static pressure onthe discharge side of a pressure relief valve prio
36、r to the openingof the pressure relief valve. This pressure exists where thepressure relief valve discharges into a common pipeline sharedwith other pressure sources such as pressure relief valves, orinto a pressurized or closed system. This pressure may have theeffect of changing the set pressure o
37、f the pressure relief valve.3.1.22 top-guided valvethis type of valve has all theguiding, rubbing, or contacting surfaces on the discharge sideof the seat.4. Classification4.1 Pressure relief valves shall be of the following types andmaterial grades:4.1.1 Type IFor Steam Service:4.1.1.1 Grade AAlloy
38、 steel construction (for steam ser-vice temperatures up to 1000F) (see Table 8).4.1.1.2 Grade BCarbon steel construction (for steamservice temperatures up to 775F) (see Table 8).4.1.2 Type IIFor Air, Gas Service:4.1.2.1 Grade CBronze or stainless steel construction (forair, gas service excluding oxy
39、gen) (see Table 9).4.1.2.2 Grade DNi-Cu alloy construction (for oxygen)(see Table 9).4.1.3 Type IIIFor Liquid Service (except hydraulic oil):4.1.3.1 Grade EFerrous construction (for noncorrosiveliquids, such as fuel oil, water, steam condensate, and so forth)(see Table 9).4.1.3.2 Grade FNonferrous c
40、onstruction (for corrosiveliquids, such as seawater, and so forth) (see Table 9).5. Ordering Information5.1 Ordering documentation for valves under this specifica-tion shall include the following information, as required, todescribe the equipment adequately.5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue.5
41、.1.2 Valve specification code (see 6.2).5.1.3 Quantity of valves.5.1.4 Maximum inlet temperature.5.1.5 Set pressure.5.1.6 Required relieving capacity (flow) at the accumulationpressure.5.1.7 Installation limitations data, if different than specifiedin 7.9.5.1.8 Blowdown limits, if different than spe
42、cified in 7.7.5.1.9 Envelope dimensions, if not covered in Table 13 andTable 14.5.1.10 Supplementary requirements, if any (see S1 throughS5).6. Valve Coding and Construction6.1 Valves shall incorporate the design features specified in6.2 and 6.3.6.2 Valve Specification CodingBasic valve design fea-t
43、ures shall be specified and recorded using the following valvecoding system. The valve specification code contains ninefields of information, which describe the construction featuresof the valve. Each of these nine fields are further assigned theirrespective codes in accordance with Tables 1-7.6.3 C
44、onstructionValve construction shall be in accor-dance with the requirements specified in 6.3.1-6.3.19.6.3.1 The materials of construction for various valve com-ponents are detailed in Table 8 for Type I valves and Table 9 forTypes II and III valves.6.3.2 General RequirementsThe valve shall be self-c
45、ontained, single-seated, and spring-loaded where the inletpressure is directly sensed under the spring-loaded disk. Thevalve shall incorporate only a single inlet and a single outletconnection.6.3.3 Pressure-Temperature RatingsThe pressure-temperature ratings of a pressure relief valve consist of ra
46、tingsfor the primary and secondary pressure zones.6.3.3.1 Pressure-Temperature Rating of the Primary Pres-sure ZoneThis shall correspond to the rating of the inlet endconnection, and is given in Table 10.6.3.3.2 Pressure-Temperature Rating of the Secondary Pres-sure ZoneThe secondary pressure zone s
47、hall withstand thehigher of the following:(1) 150 % of maximum backpressure buildup specified in7.9.(2) 600 psig (for Type II, Grade C and Type III, Grade Fvalves only).(3) ANSI B16.34, Class 150 pressure rating (for Type I,Grades A and B and Type III, Grade E valves only).TABLE 1 Valve Type and Mat
48、erial CodeValve ClassificationValve Type and MaterialCodeValve Type Material GradeIA1IB2IIC3ID4III E 5III F 6As specified as specified 9F 1508 96 (2004)36.3.4 Body ConstructionThe valve shall be of the angle-body design. It shall be constructed so that the seat will notbecome distorted relative to t
49、he disk, and valve operation is notadversely affected by internal pressure and temperature.6.3.5 Bonnet Construction (Spring Housing):6.3.5.1 For Type I valves, the bonnet shall be attached to thebody with bolted flanges. Type I, Grade A valves must haveexposed spring bonnetsthe discharge flow released throughthe open bonnet shall be minimal. For Type II and Type IIIvalves, the bonnet shall be attached to the body with boltedflanges, or a threaded union connection.6.3.5.2 For pressure-tight (nonvented) bonnet constructionvalves (for air
