1、Designation: F1623 96 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Terminology Relating toThermal Imaging Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1623; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Referenced Documents1.1 ASTM Standards:2F1405 Test Method for Determining the Dynamic ThermalResponse of Direct Thermal Imaging ProductsAtlante
3、kMethodF1444 Test Method for Determining Dynamic Thermal Re-sponse of Direct Thermal Paper-Label Printer MethodF1445 Test Method for Determining Static Thermal Sensi-tivity of Direct Thermal Media2. Terminologyactivation temperaturetemperature which generates an op-tical density of 0.20.active coat,
4、 na coating layer which contains the primaryimage (color) forming ingredients.antioxidantsee stabilizer.antistata chemical additive, generally added to the back sideor printhead side of thermal products, which enhances theconductivity of the coating, allowing static electric chargesto be bled off du
5、ring the production processes or during theoperation of the product in a machine.background, na measure of the reflectance or density of theunimaged portion of a thermal paper; typically measuredusing a densitometer, reflectometer, or opacimeter.basecoat, na coating applied to a base substrate to pr
6、oduce alevel surface for the application of the active coat; may alsofunction to improve the heat/energy transfer of the activecoat layer.binder, na material employed to bind the image-formingmaterials to the substrate.DISCUSSIONCommonly employed materials include polyvinylacetate, polyvinyl alcohol
7、, starch, and styrene butadiene polymerdispersions.color formersee leuco dye.core, na paper, plastic, or fiber core upon which the thermalproduct is wound.developer, nacidic materials which react with leuco dyes toform color.DISCUSSIONTypical developers include Bisphenol A, TGSA, D8,and benzyl parab
8、en.direct thermal imaging productpaper, film, or other sub-strate upon which a coating is applied; the imaging compo-nents consist of a color former, a developer, a sensitizer andantioxidants which react to form an image when heated froma thermal printhead.direct thermal paper, npaper coated with a
9、heat-reactivecoating, which changes from a colorless form to an intensecolored state upon contact with a thermal printhead.direct thermal product, nsubstrate coated with a heat-sensitive formulation for the purpose of creating an imagewhen heat is applied from a thermal printhead.D2T2, nabbreviation
10、 for dye diffusion thermal transfer.dye sublimination, nan imaging process from thermal dyeribbons, which employ selected organic dyes, and havecharacteristics different from an imaging process usingpigmented materials employed in thermal transfer waxribbons.dynamic thermal response curve, ngraphica
11、l representa-tion of the response characteristic of a thermal printingsystem over a given range of print energies; the y-axis isoptical density and the x-axis is print energy (watts/dot ormillijoules) or energy density (millijoules/squaremillimetres). (F1444, F05)environmental resistance, na measure
12、 of a direct thermalproducts ability to resist the effects of exposure to environ-mental contaminants on either the imaged or unimagedareas.DISCUSSIONTypical contaminants may include water, oils, alcohol,light, or heat/humidity.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 onBusi
13、ness Imaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.01on Nomenclature and Definitions.Current edition approved April 1, 2013. Published April 2013. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F1623 96 (2008).DOI: 10.1520/F1623-96R13.2For referenced AS
14、TM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoho
15、cken, PA 19428-2959. United States1image density, na measure of the reflectance or density ofthe imaged portion of a thermal imaging product afterexposure to heat energy; typically measured with adensitometer, reflectometer, or opacimeter.initial temperatureSee activation temperature.ink layer(1) th
16、e components of the image coating used inthermal transfer products which contain waxes, resins,pigments and other materials deposited or coated onto asubstrate; (2) the layer of thermally sensitive material whichis transferred during the thermal transfer printing process.ion content, na measure of t
17、he free sodium, potassium, andchloride content in a direct thermal or thermal transferproduct; trace amounts may cause chemical attack to thethermal printhead elements.leuco dye, ncolor precursors, examples of which are triph-enyl methane and fluoran classes which react with a devel-oper to form a c
18、olored image.DISCUSSIONTypical dyes include ODB 1, ODB 2, S-205, S-305,PSD 150, CF-51, and CVL.onset temperature, nin a thermal transfer ribbon, thetemperature at which the imaging material begins to changephysical form (that is, start to melt).optimum energy, nenergy (millijoules/square millimetres
19、)which achieves the best optical print density and consistent,well-defined image; dependent on ribbon thickness, coatingformulation, ribbon speed in the printer, and print headtemperature.peak melting point, nin a thermal transfer ribbon, themaximum temperature to which the imaging material shouldbe
20、 subjected.precoatsee basecoat.print speed rating, nhighest speed of image developmentunder fixed operating conditions to obtain optimum printquality.print speed response, nthe response curve of optical densityversus print speed with a fixed energy level input.receptor, nthe material which receives
21、on its surface animage from a thermal printing process.saturation density, nthe optical density value at which noadditional density increase is seen on the thermal image asthe energy delivered to thermal paper is increased.saturation temperature, nthe temperature at which a ther-mal image reaches it
22、s maximum optical density.sensitizer, na material which forms an eutectic with thedeveloper to lower the melt point; acting as a solvent withthe developer, the leuco dye is solubilized and reacts to formcolor.DISCUSSIONTypical materials include parabenzyl biphenyl, DPE,dimethyl DPE, dibenzyl oxalate
23、, PHNT, DMT, DBT, and amide waxes.slipping layer, na layer applied to a dye diffusion thermaltransfer ribbon which promotes smooth flow of the ribbonthrough the printer.smoothness, na measure of the surface roughness or topog-raphy of a thermal substrate, critical for optimum printheadcontact.stabil
24、izer, nmaterials added to the coating mixture or used ina topcoat to reduce the reversibility and degradation of thecolor reaction and unreacted background.static thermal response curve, nthe relationship of theresponse characteristic of a thermal printing system over agiven range of print energies;
25、 optical (reflectance) density(y-axis) versus temperature (x-axis). (F1445, F05)thermal imaging transfer ribbon, nplastic film or othermaterial, upon which a dye or pigmented coating is applied;imaging results when a thermal printhead transfers thecoating onto a suitable substrate or receptor media.
26、thermal response, dynamic, nthe relationship between thethermal image optical density (y-axis) versus printheadenergy (x-axis); printhead energy density (millijoules/squaremillimetres) is a function of printhead power times the pulsewidth (milliseconds) divided by the area of the printhead dot(squar
27、e millimetres). (F1405 and F1444, F05)ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the r
28、iskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of t
29、his standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmak
30、e your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).F1623 96 (2013)2
