1、Designation: F 1694 09Standard Guide forComposing Walkway Surface Investigation, Evaluation andIncident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips, and Falls1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1694; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adopti
2、on or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide provides a listing of items that may be usefulin recording and
3、evaluating the conditions of a walkwaysurface, including ramps and stairs, that may involve a slip,stumble, or trip that may result in a fall.1.2 This guide provides a listing of data that may be usefulin investigating, evaluating, and reporting a slip, stumble, trip,slip and fall, stumble and fall,
4、 or trip and fall incident.1.3 Nomenclature is provided to obtain uniform languagefor reports.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered
5、standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Ref
6、erenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F 1646 Terminology Relating to Safety and Traction forFootwear3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The standard terms listed in Section 6 shall be used.3.1.2 The standard terms listed in Terminology F 1646 shallbe used when there is no term(s) provided in this gui
7、de.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide provides recommendations for recordingwalkway surface investigation, evaluation, and incident reportdata pertaining to slips, trips, stumbles, and falls. It is intendedto aid individuals or entities in the development of their ownspecial reporting system. It
8、is recognized that a user may usethis guide in its entirety or may extract only those segmentsproviding the level of information required. Depending on theintended use, a report form may be designed to be used aloneor as a supplement to or incorporated within another reportform. This guide is not a
9、final report form. It lists itemsconsidered appropriate for inclusion into a questionnaire,document, or report.4.2 Potential users include persons interested in the preven-tion and investigation of slip, trip, stumble, and fall phenom-ena, such as insurance company loss control specialists,industria
10、l and commercial safety professionals, plant andfacilities management personnel, forensic engineers, and re-search personnel concerned with factor correlation, statisticsacquisition, loss control, and cost control. Data on recordmaintenance may be of special interest in the preparation ofdocuments f
11、or firms seeking ISO 9000 certification.4.3 This guide provides uniform language appropriate forcreating a form for manually recording information regardingpedestrian walkway evaluations and slip, trip, and fall inci-dents.4.4 Requirements for ReportingInformation specific tosite location and case i
12、dentification is given in 6.2; informationspecific to walkway evaluation is given in 6.3; informationspecific to slip, trip, and fall incidents is given in 6.4.5. Procedure5.1 Preparing Report Form(s)Use the requirements of6.1-6.3 to prepare a walkway surface evaluation report. Use allof the require
13、ments of Section 6, including 6.4, to prepare slipand fall, stumble and fall, and trip and fall incident reports andreports of near falls.6. Report6.1 Form of ReportThe report may be in narrative form orcoded. The form may be hard copy or electronic media, or theoriginal data may be hard copy and th
14、en made electronic orcomputerized. The form of the report will be left up to the user.6.1.1 A form may be composed with a simply statedquestion on the form. Possible responses may be listed adjacentto the question, in a supplement, in instructions that the entity1This guide is under the jurisdiction
15、 of ASTM Committee F13 on Pedestrian/Walkway Safety and Footwear and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF13.50 on Walkway Surfaces.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2009. Published February 2009. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F 1694 96 (2004).2For refe
16、renced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, Wes
17、t Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.issues regarding the form, or on the reverse side of the form.See X1.3 for a sample walkway evaluation report form andX1.4 for a sample incident report form.6.2 Case Identity:6.2.1 Date of ReportEnter date as mmddyy, where mmindicates the month, 01 throug
18、h 12; dd indicates the day of themonth, 01 through 31; and yy indicates the last two digits ofthe year.6.2.2 Report TypeWalkway evaluation only or incident.An incident report should include a walkway evaluation.6.2.3 Owner LocationReport the company name, mailingaddress, city, state, mail zip code,
19、and country.6.2.3.1 Contact Person at Owner Location Record thelast name, first name, and middle initial; and telephone number,including area code; telephone extension; and facsimile ma-chine number.6.2.4 Site LocationRecord the site name, physical ad-dress, city, state, zip code, country and specif
20、ic location on theproperty.6.2.4.1 Interior or OutdoorsRecord as interior or out-doors.6.2.4.2 Contact Person at Site LocationRecord the lastname, first name, and middle initial; telephone number, includ-ing area code; telephone extension; and facsimile machinenumber.6.2.5 Person Preparing ReportRec
21、ord the last name, firstname, and middle initial; company name; mailing address firstfield, mailing address second field, city, state, mail zip code,and country; and telephone number, telephone extension, andfacsimile machine number.6.3 Walkway Evaluation:6.3.1 Slip Resistance MeasurementThe investi
22、gator deter-mines which measurements are necessary and the instrument(s)used to make the measurements. The choice of whether to testa walkway surface with a standard test foot, a test foot directlyrelated to an incident, or a test foot selected for other reasonslies with the investigator. Details of
23、 the surface test arerecorded in accordance with 6.3.1.1. The details of tests theinvestigator may require for a particular sole material, or aparticular heel material, with a surface other than the walkwayunder investigation, are recorded according to 6.3.1.2.6.3.1.1 Walkway Surface Slip Resistance
24、Record the iden-tity of the instrument used to measure the surface slip resis-tance. This may be the ASTM standard for the instrument orthe make and model. Record a description of the surface tested,instrument test foot material, slip resistance of the surfaceclean and dry, and slip resistance of su
25、rface contaminated.Record contaminant(s).6.3.1.2 Footwear Sole and Heel Slip ResistanceRecordthe ASTM standard for the measuring instrument, or otherwiseidentify the instrument. Record the instrument test foot solematerial, test surface material, contaminant(s), slip resistanceof the sole material d
26、ry, and slip resistance of the sole materialcontaminated.6.3.2 Walkway Structure:6.3.2.1 Walkway TypeRecord one of the following: curb,floor, parking lot, ramp, sidewalk, stair, street, threshold,unpaved ground, or other. Drawings/sketches may be used toaid in documentation, especially if the walkwa
27、y type iscomplex or comprised of multiple types.6.3.2.2 Walkway Construction Material Record one of thefollowing standard walkway constructions: surface coatings(acrylic, urethane, or epoxy), asphalt plank flooring, asphalticconcrete paving, brick, carpet sheet, carpet tile, carpet indoor/outdoor ty
28、pe, ceramic tile and mosaics, concrete, conductiveelastomeric liquid flooring, conductive resilient, conductiveterrazzo, cut natural stone tile, earth, elastomeric liquid floor-ing, epoxy marble chip, flagstone flooring, floor mat, fluid-applied resilient, foot grille, granite, granular paving, crus
29、hedstone or cinders, grass, gratings, magnesium oxychloride,marble, mastic fills, metal floor plates, pedestal flooring, plasticlaminate flooring, portland cement concrete paving, quarry tile,resilient tile flooring, resilient sheet flooring, resilient flooringstatic control, resinous, rugs, seamles
30、s quartz, slip-resistantfinishes, slate, steel deck, stone, thin brick tile, portland cementterrazzo, precast terrazzo, conductive terrazzo, plastic matrixterrazzo, pressed concrete unit flooring, quarry tile, syntheticgrass surfacing, vinyl composition tile or vinyl flooring, tile,wood, wood deckin
31、g, wood block, wood composition, woodparquet, wood strip, or other.6.3.2.3 Surface TextureRecord whether abrasive, button,or cross-cut grooving; note the direction of grooves in relationto the travel path, texturing, or other means intended to renderthe surface slip resistant; describe smooth, coars
32、e, carpetunidentified surface, carpet runner plastic, or carpet runnerother than plastic; and describe carpet shag, carpet with smoothnap, or carpet with medium nap.6.3.2.4 Walkway Structural Condition and IrregularitiesNote whether the walkway is stable, planar, flush, and even.Record the nature of
33、 the irregularities. Examples for carpetcondition are as follows: regular, irregular carpet; and raisededge, open seam, torn, worn, and buckled. Examples for othersurfaces are as follows: broken, even, rough, smooth, uneven.6.3.2.5 Walkway LoadRecord any known walkway loadsupport issues based on app
34、licable load requirements. Recordin a written report comments and stipulations such as the natureof the irregularities or deviations from applicable requirements.6.3.2.6 Surface Changes in ElevationRecord whether thewalkway includes any changes in elevation (such as stairs,ramps, or other walkway he
35、ight transitions) and whether suchtransitions comply with applicable standards/requirements.Record in a written report standards applying to the walkwayand comments and qualifications such as the nature of theirregularities or deviations from the requirements.6.3.2.7 Handrails/GuardrailsRecord wheth
36、er the locationcomplies with the requirements for handrails and guardrails.Note applicable requirements such as those in the buildingcode, those relating to the disabled, such as theAmericans withDisabilities Act (ADA) and related regulations, and occupa-tional safety and health (OSHA) regulations a
37、nd standards.Describe the construction of those not in compliance, and notehow they are deficient.6.3.2.8 Intended UseRecord whether this surface is in-tended for use as a walkway.6.3.3 Surface Contaminants:F16940926.3.3.1 Contaminants PresentRecord the contaminationstatus at the time of examination
38、: clean, cleaning solution, dirt(soil, unidentified), dust, grease, ice, liquid (other than sub-stances in this listing), oil, overspray, particulate (paper clips,paper), refuse (food waste), snow, water, or other (identify).6.3.3.2 Expected ContaminantsRecord the contaminantsexpected to be present
39、on the walkway surface even though notpresent when the walkway was examined.6.3.4 Janitorial Practices:6.3.4.1 Manufacturers Instructions for UseRecordwhether the manufacturers recommendations are available tothe users. Record deviations from the instructions when usingjanitorial products at this lo
40、cation. Specify instances in whichthe manufacturers instructions are not followed.6.3.4.2 ScrubbersRecord how often squeegees on auto-matic scrubbers are replaced and whether automatic scrubbersare maintained if/as applicable, so they do not leave a trail ofwater on the floor.6.3.4.3 Floor DustRecor
41、d whether floor dust is moppedimmediately after burnishing to remove particulate residue.6.3.4.4 ProductsRecord whether the contents of all prod-ucts used on or in the vicinity of the walkway are known.6.3.4.5 MatsRecord whether walk-off mats are placedadjacent to outside entrances and wet carpet.6.
42、3.4.6 Rugs and MatsRecord whether rugs and matshave a slip-resistant backing that is functional, if/as applicable.Record whether the rug or mat lies flat in the area of intendeduse.Additionally, record whether the edges are flush and planarwith the walkway surface (that is, no curling of edges). Als
43、orecord the length of mat and number of mats used in the pathof travel. If possible, measure the vertical change in elevationat the mat or rug edge to the nearest132 in. If applicable, recordwhether any residual contaminant, normally denoted by foot-prints, exists on the walkway surface beyond the l
44、ast mat or rugof an entrance.6.3.4.7 Spray ProductsRecord whether sprays used in thevicinity of the floor contain mineral oil, silicone, other lubri-cants, or ingredients that may contaminate a walkway surface.6.3.4.8 Contaminants and RefuseRecord whether spilledcontaminants and refuse are required
45、to be cleaned uppromptly. Record observed or reported failures to clean residuepromptly.6.3.4.9 Surface ProcessRecord whether sealed, polished,coated, or no surface process. Record the name by brand andmanufacturer, polish, sealer, wax, ultra high-speed buffingpolish, plastic type polish, or spray b
46、uff product.6.3.4.10 Cleaning MethodRecord the cleaning method asmopped, wet mop, dry buff, dry mop, machine washed,shampoo (carpet), spot clean, strip, dusted, or other. Describeprior cleaning methods if different from most recent cleaningmethods. Describe other processes specific for wood, terrazz
47、o,marble, concrete, metal, or other types of walkway material,if/as applicable.6.3.4.11 Buffng or High-Speed Burnishing MethodRecord the brand, model, and revolutions per minute of thebuffing or burnishing machine(s). Record the coarseness/colorand manufacturer of the buffing pad.6.3.4.12 Products U
48、sed on FloorRecord the brand name,manufacturer, and other identifying product information. Noteknown incompatibilities between products. Such products mayinclude stripper, sealer, polish or wax, spray buff product,general purpose cleaner, cleaner used in automatic scrubber,spot cleaning product, aer
49、osol products such as metal cleanersused in vicinity of the floor (as on door guards), buffingburnishing machine, buffing pads, dust mop, wet mop, andother products.6.3.4.13 Compliance with StandardsRecord which janito-rial products are in compliance with the applicable slipresistance or safety standards and which are not in compliance.Record the standard(s).6.3.5 Maintenance RecordsRecord whether there are ser-vice and maintenance records and whether the maintenancerecords are maintained regularly.6.3.5.1 Record Retention PolicySummarize t
