1、Designation: F1694 09F1694 14Standard Guide forComposing Walkway Surface Investigation, Evaluation andIncident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips, and Falls1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1694; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide provides a listing of items that may be useful in recordi
3、ng and evaluating the conditions of a walkway surface,including ramps and stairs, that may involve a slip, stumble, or trip that may result in a fall.1.2 This guide provides a listing of data that may be useful in investigating, evaluating, and reporting a slip, stumble, trip, slipand fall, stumble
4、and fall, or trip and fall incident.1.3 Nomenclature is provided to obtain uniform language for reports.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not
5、 considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to
6、use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1646 Terminology Relating to Safety and Traction for FootwearF2048 Practice for Reporting Slip Resistance Test Results3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The standard terms listed in Section 6 shall be used.3.1.2 The standard terms listed in Terminolog
7、y F1646 shall be used when there is no term(s) provided in this guide.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide provides recommendations for recording walkway surface investigation, evaluation, and incident report datapertaining to slips, trips, stumbles, and falls. It is intended to aid individuals or
8、entities in the development of their own specialreporting system. It is recognized that a user may use this guide in its entirety or may extract only those segments providing thelevel of information required.recommended. Depending on the intended use, a report form may be designed to be used alone o
9、ras a supplement to or incorporated within another report form. This guide is not a final report form. It lists items consideredappropriate that may be considered for inclusion into a questionnaire, document, or report.4.2 Potential users include persons interested in the prevention and investigatio
10、n of slip, trip, stumble, and fall phenomena, suchas insurance company loss control specialists, industrial and commercial safety professionals, plant and facilities managementpersonnel, forensic engineers, and research personnel concerned with factor correlation, statistics acquisition, loss contro
11、l, and costcontrol. Data on record maintenance may be of special interest in the preparation of documents for firms seeking ISO 9000certification.1 This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F13 on Pedestrian/Walkway Safety and Footwear and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F1
12、3.50 onWalkway Surfaces.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2009July 1, 2014. Published February 2009September 2014. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20042009as F1694 96 (2004).F1694 09. DOI: 10.1520/F1694-09.10.1520/F1694-14.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM w
13、ebsite, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indica
14、tion of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be con
15、sidered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.3 This guide provides uniform language appropriate for creating a form for manually recording information regardingpedestrian walkway evaluations and slip
16、, trip, and fall incidents.4.4 RequirementsRecommendations for ReportingInformation specific to site location and case identification is given in 6.2;information specific to walkway evaluation is given in 6.3; information specific to slip, trip, and fall incidents is given in 6.4.5. Procedure5.1 Pre
17、paring Report Form(s)UseConsider the requirements ofrecommendations in 6.1 6.3 to preparewhen preparing awalkway surface evaluation report. Use all of the requirements ofthe recommendations in Section 6, including when 6.4, to preparepreparing slip and fall, stumble and fall, and trip and fall incid
18、ent reports and reports of near falls.6. Report6.1 Form of ReportThe report may be in narrative form or coded. coded format. The form may be hard copy or electronicmedia, or the original data may be hard copy and then made converted to electronic or computerized. computerized format. Theform of the
19、report will be left up to the user.6.1.1 A form may be composed with a simply stated question on the form. Possible responses may be listed adjacent to thequestion, in a supplement, in instructions that the entity issues regarding the form, or on the reverse side of the form. See X1.3for a sample wa
20、lkway evaluation report form and X1.4 for a sample incident report form.6.1.2 Photos and diagrams may be useful to illustrate and explain the information collected.6.2 Case Identity:6.2.1 Date and Time of ReportEnter date as mmddyy,mm/dd/yy, where mm indicates the month, 01 through 12; dd indicatest
21、he day of the month, 01 through 31; and yy indicates the last two digits of the year. Record the time that the evaluation is beingmade using a 24-h system in the form “hh/mm,” where hh represents the hour of day and mm represents the minutes. Examplesare 0908 is 8 min after 9 a.m., and 2108 is 8 min
22、 after 9 p.m.6.2.2 Report TypeWalkway evaluation only or incident. walkway evaluation and incident report. An incident report shouldmay also include a walkway evaluation.6.2.3 Owner LocationReport the company name, mailing address, city, state, mail zip code, and country.country, telephonenumber, an
23、d fax machine number.6.2.3.1 Contact Person at Owner Location Record the last name, first name, and middle initial; and telephone number,including area code; telephone extension; email address; and facsimilefax machine number.6.2.4 Site LocationRecord the site name, physical address, city, state, zi
24、p code, country and specific location on the property.ofthe walkway being evaluated.6.2.4.1 Interior or OutdoorsRecord as interior or outdoors.6.2.4.2 Contact Person at Site LocationRecord the last name, first name, and middle initial; telephone number, including areacode; telephone extension; email
25、 address; and facsimilefax machine number.6.2.5 Person Preparing ReportRecord the last name, first name, and middle initial; company name; mailing address first field,mailing address second field, the individuals telephone number, telephone extension, and email address; company name; mailingaddress,
26、 city, state, mail zip code, and country; and telephone number, telephone extension, and facsimile machine companytelephone number.6.3 Walkway Evaluation:6.3.1 Slip Resistance MeasurementThe investigator determines which measurements are necessary and the instrument(s) usedto make the measurements.
27、The choice of whether to test a walkway surface with a standard test foot, a test foot directly relatedto an incident, or a test foot selected for other reasons lies with the investigator. Details of the surface test are recorded inaccordance with 6.3.1.1. The details of tests the investigator may r
28、equire for a particular sole material, or a particular heel material,with a surface other than the walkway under investigation, are recorded according to 6.3.1.2.6.3.1.1 Walkway Surface Slip ResistanceRecord the identity of the instrument used to measure the surface slip resistance. Thismay beTest r
29、esult details may include the ASTM standard for the instrument or the make and model. Record a description of thesurface tested, instrument test foot material, slip resistance of the surface clean and dry, and slip resistance of surface contaminated.Record contaminant(s). Refer to F2048 for addition
30、al data to be recorded and a Sample Slip Resistance Test Results Report.6.3.1.2 Footwear Sole and Heel Slip ResistanceRecord the ASTM standard for the measuring instrument, or otherwiseidentify the instrument. Record the instrument test foot sole material, test surface material, contaminant(s), slip
31、 resistance of thesole material dry, and slip resistance of the sole material contaminated.6.3.2 Walkway Structure:6.3.2.1 Walkway TypeRecord one of the following: curb, floor, parking lot, ramp, sidewalk, stair, street, threshold, unpavedground, or other. Drawings/sketches may be used to aid in doc
32、umentation, especially if the walkway type is complex or comprisedof multiple types.6.3.2.2 Walkway Construction MaterialInclude the area of interest as well as the immediately surrounding areas, since slipsoften occur at transitions from surfaces of greater to lesser slip resistance. Record one of
33、the following standard walkwayconstructions: surface coatings (acrylic, urethane, or epoxy), asphalt plank flooring, asphaltic concrete paving, brick, carpet sheet,F1694 142carpet tile, carpet indoor/outdoor type, ceramic tile and mosaics, non-mosaic ceramic or porcelain tile, ceramic mosaic tile,co
34、ncrete, conductive elastomeric liquid flooring, conductive resilient, conductive terrazzo, cut natural stone tile, earth, elastomericliquid flooring, epoxy marble chip, flagstone flooring, floor mat, fluid-applied resilient, foot grille, granite, granular paving, crushedstone or cinders, grass, grat
35、ings, magnesium oxychloride, marble, mastic fills, metal floor plates, pedestal flooring, plastic laminateflooring, portlandPortland cement concrete paving, quarry tile, resilient tile flooring, resilient sheet flooring, resilient flooring staticcontrol, resinous, rugs, seamless quartz, slip-resista
36、nt finishes, slate, steel deck, stone, thin brick tile, portlandPortland cementterrazzo, precast terrazzo, conductive terrazzo, plastic matrix terrazzo, pressed concrete unit flooring, quarry tile, synthetic grasssurfacing, vinyl composition tile or vinyl flooring, tile, wood, wood decking, wood blo
37、ck, wood composition, wood parquet, woodstrip, or other.6.3.2.3 Surface TextureInclude the area of interest as well as the immediately surrounding areas, since slips often occur attransitions from surfaces of greater to lesser slip resistance. Record whether abrasive, button, or cross-cut grooving;
38、note thedirection of grooves in relation to the travel path, texturing, or other means intended to render the surface slip resistant; describesmooth, coarse, carpet unidentified surface, carpet runner plastic, or carpet runner other than plastic; and describe carpet shag,carpet with smooth nap, or c
39、arpet with medium nap.6.3.2.4 Walkway Structural Condition and IrregularitiesNote whether the walkway is stable, planar, flush, and even. Recordthe nature of theany irregularities. Examples for carpet condition are as follows: regular, irregular carpet; and raised edge, openseam, torn, worn, and buc
40、kled. Examples for other surfaces are as follows: broken, even, rough, smooth, uneven.6.3.2.5 Walkway LoadRecord any known walkway load support issues based on applicable load requirements. Record in awritten report comments and stipulations such as the nature of the irregularities or deviations fro
41、m applicable requirements.6.3.2.6 Surface Changes in ElevationRecord whether the walkway includes any changes in elevation (such as stairs, ramps,or other walkway height transitions) and whether such transitions comply with applicable standards/requirements. Record in awritten report standards apply
42、ing to the walkway and comments and qualifications such as the nature of the irregularities ordeviations from the requirements.6.3.2.7 Handrails/GuardrailsRecord whether the location complies with the requirements for handrails and guardrails. Noteapplicable requirements such as those in the buildin
43、g code, those relating to the disabled, such as the Americans with DisabilitiesAct (ADA) and related regulations, and occupational safety and health (OSHA) regulations and standards. Describe theconstruction of those not in compliance, and note how they are deficient. Record whether there is informa
44、tion regarding if thehandrail was utilized at the time of the incident. Record the source of this information.6.3.2.8 Intended UseRecord whether this surface is intended for use as a walkway.pedestrian walkway. If this is a multi-usesurface provide details.6.3.2.9 Stairs/Steps SupplementalIf stairs
45、or steps are involved record characteristics of step geometry including rise, run ofstep where incident occurred, uniformity of steps in the stairway, and slope of stairs; specific location on steps where fall occurred;record direction of travel on steps (up or down).6.3.3 Surface Contaminants:6.3.3
46、.1 Contaminants PresentRecord the contamination status at the time of examination: clean, cleaning solution, dirt (soil,unidentified), dust, grease, ice, liquid (other than substances in this listing), oil, overspray, particulate (paper clips, paper), refuse(food waste), snow, water, or residual ice
47、 melt or friction product, or other (identify).6.3.3.2 Expected ContaminantsRecord the contaminants expected to be present on the walkway surface even though notpresent when the walkway was examined.6.3.4 Janitorial Practices:6.3.4.1 Manufacturers Instructions for UseRecord whether the manufacturers
48、manufacturers recommendations are availableto the users. Record deviations from the instructions when using janitorial products at this location. Specify instances in which themanufacturersmanufacturers instructions are not followed.6.3.4.2 ScrubbersRecord how often squeegees on automatic scrubbers
49、are replaced and whether automatic scrubbers aremaintained if/as applicable, so they do not leave a trail of water on the floor.6.3.4.3 Floor DustRecord whether floor dust is mopped immediately after burnishing to remove particulate residue.6.3.4.4 ProductsRecord whether the contents of all products used on or in the vicinity of the walkway are known.6.3.4.5 MatsRecord whether walk-off mats are placed adjacent to outside entrances and wet carpet.6.3.4.6 Rugs and MatsRecord whether rugs and mats have a slip-resistant backing that is function
