1、Designation: F 1706 96 (Reapproved 2002)Standard Practice forDetermining Energy Consumption of Nonimpact PersonalComputer Printers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1706; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of re
2、vision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers a procedure by which nonimpactpersonal computer printers, accessories, and s
3、imilar officeimaging devices can be tested for energy consumption.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the app
4、lica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:F 335 Terminology Relating to Electrostatic Copying2F 757 Test Method for Determining Energy Consumption ofCopier and Copier-Duplicating Equipment2F 909 Terminology Relating to Printers22.2 ANSI Standard:C 1
5、2.10 Electromechanical Watthour Meters33. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice, seeTerminologies F 335 and F 909 and Test Method F 757.3.2 cycle outthe condition which exists when the machinehas finished printing a page and has returned to a stand-bymode.3.3 energy-saverthe
6、condition that exists when the ma-chine is not printing, has previously reached operating condi-tions, but is consuming less power than when the machine is inthe stand-by mode.3.4 idle timethe amount of time that the machine is notprinting when testing printing energy.3.5 jobprinting pages without i
7、nterruption or delay be-tween pages.3.6 machine energythe energy consumed by a printer thatis plugged in 24 h/day and turned on 10.5 h (see Note 1), butis not printing pages.NOTE 1Some users may want to adjust this time if they do not turn offtheir printers. Therefore, the test should be performed f
8、or the plug-in andwarm-up modes, but wont be included in the calculations. If the userwants to include these modes in the calculations, the tester shouldrecalculate the numbers used in Section 10.3.7 machine speed, first pagethe amount of time themachine takes to produce the first page of a job.3.8
9、machine speed, subsequent pagesthe amount of timethe machine takes to produce multiple pages after the first pageof a job.3.9 printingthe machine condition that exists from thebeginning to the end of the cycle that produces a page or pages.3.10 printing energythe energy consumed during a des-ignated
10、 printing mode exclusive of stand-by and plug-inenergy.3.11 printing timethe amount of time that the nominaljobs are run when testing printing energy.3.12 standard pages per daythe number of standard pagesproduced on a single machine during a standard printing day.3.13 stand-bythe condition that exi
11、sts when the machineis not printing, has reached operating conditions, but has notyet entered into an energy-saver mode.3.14 warm-upthe condition that exists when the machineis turned on from a plug-in mode and prior to printing pages.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The standard energy consumption rati
12、ng is determinedfor a printer while the machine is in a simulated customerinstallation performing one eighth of a typical days printingjobs (using a watt-hour meter). The typical days jobs (size andnumber of pages) are based on a standard volume (see Table 1).The simulated customer installation can
13、be calculated withactual usage data, or can be based on the following assump-tions, that the printer will typically:4.1.1 Be plugged in to a live power line for thirty 24-h days(720 h)/month.4.1.2 Be turned on or off, or both, each of 22 workdays/month.4.1.3 Go through a warm-up cycle (if required)
14、once foreach of 20 work days each month.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 on BusinessImaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.04 onElectrostatic Imaging Products.Current edition approved June 10, 1996 Published August 1996.2Annual Book of AST
15、M Standards, Vol 15.09.3Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13Floor, New York, NY 10636.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.4 Be left on 24 h/day for 2 days of each standard workmonth
16、.4.1.5 As a result of items 4.1.2 and 4.1.3, be left on for anaverage of 10.5 h each of the 22 days.4.1.6 Be in an energy-saver mode some amount of timedepending on the nominal volume and use from Table 1, theprinting time from Table 2, and the energy-saver delay time.4.1.7 Perform a typical days pr
17、inting jobs for each of the 22workdays each month.4.2 The energy consumption per printed page or the typicalmonths energy consumption (kilowatt hour (kWh) per month)are determined using calculations based on the test data.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice provides a procedure for measuring th
18、eenergy consumption of the product and associated accessoriesin various operating modes. It does not reflect the total energyrequired to produce a page. It does not, for example, includethe energy required to manufacture the paper or the machine. Itis intended to determine the energy requirements of
19、 productsby a method that will permit accurate energy efficiencycomparisons with similar products.6. Apparatus and Supplies6.1 Watt-Hour Meter, one per phase, accurate to threefigures and compliant with ANSI C 12.10, performance tables5.1.8.46.2 TimerA timing device accurate to1sand60.5 %.6.3 Person
20、al ComputerWith the printer attached, used togenerate or print, or both, the test targets described in 6.4 and6.5.6.4 Anacom Smartbox DeviceA device that takes theplace of a computer and downloads text or graphic images, orboth, to a printer with the use of EPROMs and either serial orparallel ports.
21、56.5 Test TargetThe test target with 8 % coverage, optionXX in the Anacom Smartbox device should be used.6.6 Graphic Test TargetThe test target with 8 % coverage,option XXX in the Anacom Smartbox device should be used.6.7 Paper,812 by 11 in. (216 by 280 mm), 20-lb bond orwhere not applicable use the
22、 machine manufacturers recom-mended midpoint range of paper weight.7. Sampling7.1 The energy rating should be that for a device represen-tative of the commercially available equipment. Any modifi-cation of the product or additional configurations that signifi-cantly alter energy consumption requires
23、 additional testing.7.2 The printers configured with automatic duplex optionshould be tested twice, once at 100 % of single-sided and onceat 100 % of two-sided pages (each side counts as one page).7.3 The printer(s) to be evaluated should be set to within themanufacturers operating specifications.7.
24、4 The printers equipped with more than one resolutionsetting should be tested at the highest resolution settings, usingthe manufacturers recommended contrast settings. Resolutionenhancement should be enabled.8. Preparation of Apparatus8.1 Test Conditions:8.1.1 The room ambient temperature shall be w
25、ithin a rangeof 21 6 3C; from 40 to 60 % relative humidity.8.1.2 The working voltage shall be machine-rated voltage62%.8.1.3 The machine shall be at least 2 ft (610 mm) from anywall, obstacle, or air vent.8.1.4 All supplies used shall be those specified by the printermanufacturer and preconditioned
26、for a minimum of 24 h atroom ambient temperature and humidity prior to evaluating theprinter energy consumption.8.1.5 The alternating current power shall be supplied as atrue sine wave with no more than 3 % harmonic distortion.8.1.6 The power frequency must be rated at 60.1Hz.8.1.7 The manufacturer
27、defines the configuration (includingaccessories) of the machine to be tested and the volume atwhich it will be tested (Table 1). Normally, each printer will betested for the volumes for which the manufacture intends tomarket the product.NOTE 2During the test cycle, the machine should be allowed to c
28、ycle4The series 1000 Kilowatt Hour Meter is available from National MeterIndustries, Inc., P.O. Box 462 Stamford, CT 06907.5The Anacom Device is available from Laser Supply, Inc., P.O. Box 462,Edgemont, PA 19028.TABLE 1 Nominal Parameters for Each Standard VolumeNominalMonthlyVolume,Pages perMonthNo
29、minalDays PagesNominal Jobs (1/8 day)nANumber ofJobsNumber ofPages perJobJobInterval200 8 1 1 60 min500 24 3 1 20 min1 000 48 3 2 20 min2 500 112 7 2 8.6 min5 000 224 14 2 8.6 min10 000 432 18 3 3.3 min25 000 1 152 36 4 1.6 min40 000 1 824 57 4 65 s80 000 3 600 90 5 40 s100 000 4 800 100 6 36 s280 0
30、00 13 200 165 10 22 sAn = number of jobs 3 number of originals 3 number of pages per original.TABLE 2 Calculation for Printing TimeNominal MonthlyVolume, pagesper monthNumberof Jobs, jNumberof Pagesper JobPrinting Time,min/h (S/Rt)200 1 1 1/XA500 3 1 3/X1 000 3 2 3/X +3/YB2 500 7 2 7/X + 14/Y5 000 1
31、4 2 14/X + 14/Y10 000 18 3 18/X + 36/Y25 000 36 4 36/X + 108/Y40 000 57 4 57/X + 171/Y80 000 90 5 90/X + 360/Y100 000 100 6 100/X + 500/Y280 000 165 10 165/X + 1485/YAX = machine speed, first page.BY = machine speed, subsequent pages.F 1706 96 (2002)2out after the required number of pages have been
32、completed. This does notapply to machines with features that allow for continuous operationwithout cycling out.8.1.8 The test should be discontinued if an unusually highnumber of machine problems occur. Excess machine stoppagesmay distort the overall energy rating. A reasonable number ofpaper misfee
33、ds (for example, 1 misfeed per 1000 pages) thatcan readily be cleared by the operator should not be consideredreason to discontinue the test.9. Procedure9.1 Steps 9.1.1-9.1.4 of this procedure should be completedonce for each machine. The data from 9.1.1-9.1.4 applies to allstandard volumes for whic
34、h the machine is being tested. Thedata from 9.1.5 applies only to one configuration, one emula-tion, and one resolution setting, and must be repeated for allother configurations, emulations, and resolution settings forwhich the machine is being tested. Prior to the start of this test,the machine sho
35、uld be plugged in to a live power line butturned off and stabilized at ambient conditions for at least 12 h.The personal computer or Anacom device should be connectedto the printer at least 12 h prior to the test. An appropriatewatt-hour meter should be in line with the machine, ready togive an accu
36、rate indication of machine energy consumptionwithout disruption of the energy source. This test should be runat the printer setting that, in the opinion of the evaluator, is theone yielding the best apparent quality.9.1.1 Printing TimeChoose the appropriate formula inTable 2 that matches the monthly
37、 volume for the machineunder test. Using the manufacturers values for printer speeds,where X is the number of pages per minute for the first page,and Y is the number of pages per minute for subsequent pages,follow appropriate formulas. Record the printing time in Fig. 1.9.1.2 Plug-In EnergyRead and
38、record the watt-hour meterFIG. 1 Sample Data SheetF 1706 96 (2002)3indication and the time (or start the stopwatch or timer). After1 h, read and record the watt-hour meter indication again. Thedifference between the two readings of the watt-hour meter isthe test data for plug-in mode energy use. Rec
39、ord the result inFig. 1, Test Results, Part A. If it is known that the test machineconsumes no energy during the plug-in mode, enter a zero forthe observed data for plug-in energy use and omit this step.9.1.3 Warm-Up Mode Plus Stand-By Mode EnergyWiththe machine in a stabilized plug-in condition, re
40、ad and recordthe watt-hour meter indication and the time (or start thestopwatch or timer). Turn on the machine and allow it to warmup and stabilize in the ready mode. After 1 h, read and recordthe watt-hour indication again. The difference between the tworeadings of the watt-hour meter is the test d
41、ata for warm-upmode plus stand-by mode energy use. Record the result in Fig.1, Test Results, Part B. If it is known that the machine uses noenergy in the warm-up mode (as defined by this procedure)omit this step and proceed to 9.1.4.9.1.4 Stand-by EnergyFor printers with an energy-savermode, disable
42、 the feature. At the conclusion of the previous 1-hmeasurement (9.1.2) leave the machine turned on. After 1 h,record the watt-hour reading. The difference between thewatt-hour reading at the start and finish of the hour is the testdata for the stand-by mode energy. Record the result in Fig. 1,Test R
43、esults, Part C.9.1.5 Energy-Saver EnergyFor printers with an energy-saver mode, enable the feature. If the energy-saver mode isautomatic, let the machine enter the energy-saver mode. Whenit has entered the energy-saver mode, read and record thewatt-hour meter and the time. After 1 h, record the watt
44、-hourreading again. The difference between the watt-hour reading atthe start and finish of the hour is the test data for energy-savermode energy. Record the result in Fig. 1, Test Results, Part D.If it is known that the machine does not have an energy-savermode (as defined by this procedure) record
45、the stand-by energy(results from Part C) in Fig. 1, Test Results, Part D.9.1.6 Printing Energy Plus Stand-by EnergyWith themachine in a stand-by mode, read and record the watt-hourindication and the time (or start the stopwatch or timer). Usinga standard original (6.5, 6.6) have the Anacom device pe
46、rformthe standard jobs (Table 1) for the standard volume and modefor which the machine is being tested. Equally space the jobsthroughout the 1 h allocated for this part of the test (Table 1 forjob time interval). The operator should send the original imageso that it has minimal impact on job time an
47、d energy use. Afterthe jobs have been performed and 1 h has elapsed, read andrecord the watt-hour meter indication again. The differencebetween the two readings of the watt-hour meter is the test datafor printing energy use. Record the result in Fig. 1, TestResults, Part E.9.1.7 Energy-Saver Delay T
48、imeFor printers with anenergy-saver mode, if the time to enter the energy-saver modeis adjustable, set the feature to one minute. Print a page. Usingthe timer, record the amount of time it takes the machine toenter an energy-saver mode. If the machine is one which ismanually placed in the energy-sav
49、er mode, activate the featurewhen the machine has cycled out, and then record the time ittakes to reach the energy saver mode. The printer should stayin the energy-saver mode for 1 h. Using the timer, record theamount of time it takes the machine to come out of theenergy-saver mode. Add this time to the amount of time it tookthe printer to go into an energy-saver mode and record theresult in Fig. 1, Test Results, Part F.9.1.8 Recovery Energy Plus Energy-Saver EnergyRepeatthe steps in 9.1.4. When the machine enters the energy-savermode, read and re
