1、Designation: F1731 96 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Practice forBody Measurements and Sizing of Fire and Rescue ServicesUniforms and Other Thermal Hazard Protective Clothing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1731; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofo
2、riginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe selection of proper uniform size is important to fit and
3、 appearance for all users, but moreimportantly, it relates directly to garment function. In certain occupations, such as fire and rescueservices, proper fit and function relates directly to the individuals ability to perform jobs that are oftenhazardous. Issues of proper fit are directly associated
4、with the risk of injury. A work uniform thatrestricts movement or exposes the skin to hazardous environments will result in lost efficiency andmay promote injury and illness. Proper sizing is a factor in the ability of a person to perform tasks thatoften involve life or death situations. A work unif
5、orm must also fit well to function properly whenadditional outer protective garments and safety equipment are worn.This practice establishes a standard method for measuring body dimensions pertinent to thedetermination of a garment size which provides good fit. It also presents issues critical to ga
6、rment sizeselection as it relates to fit. Functional methods are provided for determining proper fit of a uniform.Information is provided on garment shrinkage which results from the clothing being laundered.Maternity wear and unique sizing issues are addressed.1. Scope1.1 This practice is intended t
7、o assist in size selection ofwork uniforms for fire and rescue services personnel andworkers who may be exposed to thermal hazards. Workuniform ensembles consist of a shirt and trouser apparelcombination.1.2 This practice is applicable to uniforms for both male andfemale personnel.1.3 This practice
8、provides a standard means for measuringhuman body dimensions for the selection and ordering shirtsand trousers.1.4 This practice provides a means for evaluating the fit ofselected uniform sizes.1.5 This practice provides a standard list of textile andapparel terminology specific to the clothing indu
9、stry which isused in determining size and fit of garments. This vocabularywill be useful in communications between buyers and sellers.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The inch-pound equivalents given in parentheses arefor information only and may be approximate.1.7 Th
10、is standard is not intended for use in evaluating thefire resistive performance or durability of work uniforms. Inaddition, this practice does not provide a means to quantify thelikelihood of human injuries that may be related to the fit ofuniforms or protective clothing.1.8 This standard does not p
11、urport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are giv
12、en in Note 1.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD5219 Terminology Relating to Body Dimensions for Ap-parel SizingF1154 Practices for Qualitatively Evaluating the Comfort,1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on PersonalProtective
13、Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF23.60 on Human Factors.Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published July 2013. Originally approvedin 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F1731 - 96 (2008). DOI:10.1520/F1731-96R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,
14、visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428
15、-2959. United States1Fit, Function, and Durability of Protective Ensembles andEnsemble Components2.2 AATCC Standards:3AATCC 96 Dimensional Changes in Laundering of Wovenand Knitted Textiles Except WoolAATCC 135 Dimensional Changes in Automatic HomeLaundering of Woven and Knit FabricsAATCC 158 Dimens
16、ional Changes in Dry-Cleaning in Per-chloroethylene: Machine Method2.3 NFPA Standards:NFPA 1975 Standard on Station/Work Uniforms for FireFighters4NFPA 1977 Standard on Protective Clothing and Equipmentfor Wildland Fire Fighting43. Terminology3.1 Definitions: Definitions are provided to assist the u
17、ser inunderstanding the language of human body measurements. Inaddition, other definitions have been added that are used by theapparel industry to identify garment designs, patterns andissues of fit.3.1.1 armhole, nin garments construction, the area of agarment through which the arm passes or into w
18、hich a sleeveis fitted. (See armscye.)3.1.2 armscye, nin garment construction, the opening in agarment for the attachment of a fitted sleeve. (See armhole.)3.1.3 back waist length, nin body measurements, thevertical distance along the spine from the cervical to the waist.3.1.4 bartack, nin garment c
19、onstruction, a reinforcementat points of strain.3.1.4.1 DiscussionThis reinforcement point may consistof a bar-shaped line of small threads worked across severalthreads.3.1.5 body dimension, nin garment construction, a bodymeasurement which can be used to build a sizing system or toselect an appropr
20、iately sized garment.3.1.6 body measurement, nin anthropometry, a standard-ized distance between two specified points on the humananatomy.3.1.7 bust girth, nin body measurements, the circumfer-ence of the body over the fullest part of the breasts and parallelto the floor. (See chest girth.)3.1.8 cer
21、vical, nin body measurements, the most promi-nent bone at the base of the neck.3.1.9 chest, nin garment construction, a measurementtaken from below each armhole seam straight across thegarment while it is laid flat.3.1.10 chest girth, n in body measurements, the circum-ference of the body over the s
22、houlder blades, under the armsand across the upper chest. (See bust girth.)3.1.10.1 DiscussionA circumference measurement madearound the fullest part of the chest keeping the tape parallel tothe floor.3.1.11 crotch, nin anatomy, the body area adjacent to thevertex of the included angle between the l
23、egs.3.1.12 cuff, nin garment construction, a finished edge atthe end of either a garment sleeve or trouser leg created byturning back or rolling up and stitching the fabric.3.1.12.1 DiscussionLong sleeve shirts usually have anextended cuff which is a band of fabric stitched to the loweredge of the s
24、leeve. The most common long sleeve shirt cuff isthe barrel cuff which is a straight cuff stitched to form anopen-band that laps and buttons at the wrist. A trouser leg cuffis formed by producing a deep hem which may require over100 mm (4 in.) of fabric. Simple hems may also be used tofinish trouser
25、legs. (See hem.)3.1.13 ease, nin garment construction, the differencebetween garment measurement and body measurement.3.1.13.1 DiscussionThere are primarily two types of ease,wearing ease and design ease. Wearing or comfort ease, whichallows for body flexing and movement, depends on a garmentsstanda
26、rd for fit. Wearing ease relates to fit of a garment thatdoes not impede the wearer from performing any function thatrequires dynamic movement. The amount of material added toa garment that exceeds human body measurements, to makegarments more comfortable and to allow for human mobility.Design or st
27、yle ease includes, in addition to wearing ease, whatis built into a style to provide the look the designer wants.3.1.14 elbow, nin anatomy, the joint that articulates be-tween the upper arm and the lower arm.3.1.15 fabric, nin textiles, a planar structure consisting ofyarns or fibers.3.1.16 fit, nth
28、e quality, state or manner in which the lengthand closeness of clothing, when worn, relates to the humanbody.3.1.17 garment, nan article of clothing used to cover thebody.3.1.18 girth, nin body measurements, a circumferentialmeasurement around some part of the body, such as neck,chest, waist, etc.3.
29、1.19 hem, nin garment construction, a simple finish inwhich the raw fabric edge is turned under and stitched to agarment. (See cuff.)3.1.20 hip, nin anatomy, the laterally projecting regionformed by the lateral parts of the pelvis and the upper part ofthe femur together with the flesh covering them.
30、3.1.21 hip girth, nin body measurements, the maximumcircumference of the body at the level of maximum promi-nence of the buttocks.3.1.22 inseam, nin garment construction, with the trou-sers folded by mating the inside leg seams, measure fromcenter of crotch to bottom edge of trousers leg or cuff.3.1
31、.23 inseam length, nin body measurements, from cen-ter of crotch to 25.4 mm (1 in.) below top of the shoe.3Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http:/www.aatcc.org.4Available from National Fire Protection Asso
32、ciation (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.F1731 96 (2013)23.1.24 knee, nin anatomy, the joint between the lower andupper leg.3.1.25 maternity wear, nclothing worn during pregnancy.3.1.26 neck base girth, nin body measurements, the cir-cumference of the neck over t
33、he cervical at the back and at thetop of the collar bone at the front.3.1.27 neck girth, nin garment construction, with shirtopen in front and collar fully extended and laid out flat,measure from center of collar button to the far end of the buttonhole.3.1.28 placket, nin garment construction, a fin
34、ished gar-ment opening that is usually dependent on mechanical devicescalled closures to secure the opening.3.1.28.1 DiscussionIn shirt construction, a placket usuallyforms the front opening that may extend from the collar bandslower edge to the bottom edge of the shirts hem. When theshirt is worn,
35、the placket is generally overlapped and fastenedby buttons. Plackets are normally designed into garments tomake them easy to don. Fasteners used in placket closures arebuttons, button holes, zippers, hooks, snaps, and other devicesused to open, close, and secure garments.3.1.29 protective clothing,
36、nan article of clothing used forisolating the human body or parts of the human body from apotential hazard.3.1.30 shirt, na cloth garment for the upper part of thebody made of either woven or knitted fabric usually havingsleeves, a neck opening, a front opening and a tail long enoughto be tucked ins
37、ide trousers or skirt.53.1.31 shirt back length, nin garment construction,ameasurement centered below the collar band to bottom edge ofshirttail.3.1.32 shirt front length, nin garment construction,ameasurement from the placket top, below the collar band to thebottom edge of the shirts hem in front.3
38、.1.33 shirt sides, n in garment construction, a measure-ment of length from below armhole to the bottom hem.3.1.34 shrinkage, na decrease in one or more dimensionsof an object or material.3.1.35 shrink, vtto cause to contract, to compact cloth bycausing to contract when subjected to washing, boiling
39、, steam-ing or other processes.53.1.36 size, none of a series of graduated measurements inmanufactured articles of clothing conventionally identified bynumbers, letters, or words.3.1.37 sleeve length, nin body measurements, from centerof cervical across back and around outside of bent arm, tobelow w
40、rist bone and above hand.3.1.38 sleeve length, nin garment construction, a mea-surement from center of shirts back below collar band alongthe sleeve to the end of the sleeve or cuff.3.1.39 station/work uniform, na nonprimary protectiveclothing ensemble consisting of a shirt and pants that isintended
41、 to be worn by members of the fire and rescue serviceswhile on duty.3.1.40 thigh, nin garment construction, with trouser leglaid out flat, measure from crotch seam straight across to legside seam.3.1.41 thigh girth, n in body measurements, the maximumcircumference of the upper leg close to the crotc
42、h.3.1.42 torso, nthe human trunk.53.1.43 torso, nin garment construction, a measurementfrom center of neck to end of shirttail.3.1.44 total crotch length, nin body measurements, thedistance from the waist level at center front through the crotchto the waist level at center back.3.1.45 trousers, n, p
43、lan outer garment extending from thewaist to the ankle covering each leg separately. (Syn. pants.)3.1.46 trouser back rise, nin garment construction,ameasurement from the crotch seam to bottom edge of waist-band at center of the back.3.1.47 trouser front rise, nin garment construction,ameasurement f
44、rom the crotch seam to the bottom edge ofwaistband at center front.3.1.48 trouser hips, n in garment construction, the gar-ments circumference measured at the bottom of pockets orbartack on fly.3.1.49 trouser waist, nin garment construction, with trou-sers folded in half by the crease or mating the
45、leg inseams,measure across waist-bands width and double the measure-ment.3.1.50 waist, nin anatomy, the part of the body at thelocation between the lowest rib and hip identified by bendingthe body to the side.3.1.51 waist girth, n in body measurements, the circum-ference of the waist immediately bel
46、ow the lowest rib.3.1.51.1 DiscussionCircumference around the bodywhere the trouser waistband would normally be worn.3.1.52 wrist, nin anatomy, the joint which articulatesbetween the end of the lower arm and the hand.3.1.53 wrist girth, n in body measurements, the circum-ference over the prominence
47、of the inner and outer forearmbones.3.1.53.1 DiscussionCircumference around the largest partof the wrist.3.2 Other definitions relative to this practice can be found inTerminology D123 and D5219.4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practice standardizes apparatus for making humanbody measurements and prov
48、ides a standardized approach tomethods of measuring human body dimensions relevant to theselection of properly sized uniforms. Accurately measuredbody dimensions are recorded on a standard measurement formwhich is used by a buyer and seller in the selection of uniform5Websters New Collegiate Diction
49、ary, 1977.F1731 96 (2013)3size. Size selection for uniforms to be worn during pregnancyis considered. Issues of fit related to garment ease and laundryinduced garment shrinkage are discussed. Recommendationsare made relative to the evaluation of garment shrinkage.Potential fit problems are identified by having a consumer dona representative sample uniform and then perform a standard-ized series of dynamic movements. Uniform size is selectedbased on an individuals compatible body measurements rela-tive to a garme
