1、Designation: F1743 08 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Practice forRehabilitation of Existing Pipelines and Conduits by Pulled-in-Place Installation of Cured-in-Place Thermosetting ResinPipe (CIPP)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1743; the number immediately following the designation i
2、ndicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice describes the procedures
3、 for the recon-struction of pipelines and conduits (4 to 96 in. (10 to 244 cm)diameter) by the pulled-in-place installation of a resin-impregnated, flexible fabric tube into an existing conduit andsecondarily inflated through the inversion of a calibration hoseby the use of a hydrostatic head or air
4、 pressure (see Fig. 1). Theresin is cured by circulating hot water or by the introduction ofcontrolled steam into the tube. When cured, the finishedcured-in-place pipe will be continuous and tight fitting. Thisreconstruction process may be used in a variety of gravity andpressure applications such a
5、s sanitary sewers, storm sewers,process piping, electrical conduits, and ventilation systems.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered s
6、tandard.NOTE 1There are no ISO standards covering the primary subjectmatter of this practice.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health prac
7、tices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics toChemical ReagentsD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinf
8、orcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD903 Test Method for Peel or Stripping Strength of Adhe-sive BondsD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD1682 Test Method for Breaking Load and Elongation ofTextile Fabric3D3039/D3039M Test Method for Tensile Prop
9、erties of Poly-mer Matrix Composite MaterialsD3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiberglass”(Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe andFittingsD4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition EngineFuelD5813 Specification for Cured-In-Place ThermosettingResin Sewer Piping System
10、sE797 Practice for Measuring Thickness by Manual Ultra-sonic Pulse-Echo Contact MethodF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF1216 Practice for Rehabilitation of Existing Pipelines andConduits by the Inversion and Curing of a Resin-Impregnated Tube2.2 AWWA Standard:4M28 Manual on Cleanin
11、g and Lining Water Mains42.3 NASSCO Standard:5Recommended Specifications for Sewer Collection SystemRehabilitation3. Terminology3.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Terminol-ogy F412. Abbreviations are in accordance with TerminologyD1600, unless otherwise indicated.1This practice is under t
12、he jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.67 onTrenchless Plastic Pipeline Technology.Current edition approved May 1, 2016. Published May 2016. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F1743 08. DO
13、I:10.1520/F1743-08R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version o
14、f this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.4Available from American Water Works Association (AWWA), 6666 W. QuincyAve., Denver, CO 80235, http:/www.awwa.org.5Available from the National Association of Sewer Service Companies,NASSCO 11521 Cronridge Drive, Suite J Owings Mills, MD 21117,
15、http:/www.nassco.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 calibration hosean impermeable bladder whic
16、h isinverted within the resin-impregnated fabric tube by hydro-static head or air pressure and may optionally be removed orremain in place as a permanent part of the installed cured-in-place pipe as described in 5.2.2.3.2.2 cured-in-place pipe (CIPP)a hollow cylinder con-sisting of a fabric tube wit
17、h cured (cross-linked) thermosettingresin. Interior or exterior plastic coatings, or both, may beincluded. The CIPP is formed within an existing pipe and takesthe shape of and fits tightly to the pipe.3.2.3 delaminationseparation of layers of the CIPP.3.2.4 dry spotan area of fabric of the finished
18、CIPP whichis deficient or devoid of resin.3.2.5 fabric tubeflexible needled felt, or equivalent, wo-ven or nonwoven material(s), or both, formed into a tubularshape which during the installation process is saturated withresin and holds the resin in place during the installation andcuring process.3.2
19、.6 inversionthe process of turning the calibration hoseinside out by the use of water pressure or air pressure.3.2.7 lifta portion of the CIPP that is a departure from theexisting conduit wall forming a section of reverse curvature inthe CIPP.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is for use by de
20、signers and specifiers,regulatory agencies, owners, and inspection organizations whoare involved in the rehabilitation of conduits through the use ofa resin-impregnated fabric tube pulled-in-place through anexisting conduit and secondarily inflated through the inversionof a calibration hose. Modific
21、ations may be required forspecific job conditions.5. Recommended Materials and Manufacture5.1 GeneralThe resins, fabric tube, tube coatings, or othermaterials, such as the permanent calibration hose when com-bined as a composite structure, shall produce CIPP that meetsthe requirements of this specif
22、ication.5.2 CIPP Wall CompositionThe wall shall consist of aplastic coated fabric tube filled with a thermosetting (cross-linked) resin, and if used, a filler.5.2.1 Fabric TubeThe fabric tube should consist of one ormore layers of flexible needled felt, or equivalent, woven ornonwoven material(s), o
23、r both, capable of carrying resin,withstanding installation pressures, and curing temperatures.The material(s) of construction should be able to stretch to fitirregular pipe sections and negotiate bends. Longitudinal andcircumferential joints between multiple layers of fabric shouldbe staggered so a
24、s not to overlap. The outside layer of thefabric tube should have an impermeable flexible coating(s)whose function is to contain the resin during and after fabrictube impregnation. The outer coating(s) must facilitate moni-toring of resin saturation of the material(s) of construction ofthe fabric tu
25、be. The fabric tube should be fabricated to a sizethat, when installed, will tightly fit the internal circumferenceand the length of the original conduit. Allowance should bemade for circumferential and longitudinal stretching of thefabric tube during installation. As required, the fabric tubeshould
26、 meet minimum tensile strength requirements in thelongitudinal and transverse directions as specified in 7.1. Allthe material(s) of construction for the fabric tube should becompatible with the resin system used.5.2.2 Calibration Hose:5.2.2.1 Removable Calibration HoseThe removable cali-bration hose
27、 should consist of an impermeable plastic, orimpermeable plastic coating(s) on flexible woven or nonwovenmaterial(s), or both, that do not absorb resin and are capable ofbeing removed from the CIPP.5.2.2.2 Permanent Calibration HoseThe permanent cali-bration hose should consist of an impermeable pla
28、stic coatingon a flexible needled felt or equivalent woven or nonwovenmaterial(s), or both, that are capable of absorbing resin and areof a thickness to become fully saturated with resin. Thecalibration hose should be translucent to facilitate post-installation inspection. The calibration hose shoul
29、d be fabri-cated to a size that, when installed, will tightly fit the internalcircumference and the length of the resin saturated fabric tube.Once inverted, the calibration hose becomes part of the fabrictube, and once properly cured, should bond permanently withthe fabric tube. The properties of th
30、e calibration hose shouldmeet minimum tensile strength requirements in the longitudi-nal and transverse directions as specified in 7.1. All theFIG. 1 Cured-in-Place Pipe Installation MethodsF1743 08 (2016)2material(s) of construction for the calibration hose should becompatible with the resin system
31、 used.5.2.3 ResinA chemically resistant isophthalic basedpolyester, or vinyl ester thermoset resin and catalyst system oran epoxy resin and hardener that is compatible with theinstallation process should be used. The resin should be able tocure in the presence of water and the initiation temperature
32、 forcure should be less than 180F (82.2C). The cured resin/fabrictube system, with or without the calibration hose, shall beexpected to have as a minimum the initial structural propertiesgiven in Table 1. These physical properties should be deter-mined in accordance with Section 8. The cured resin/f
33、abrictube system, with or without the calibration hose, should meetthe minimum chemical resistance requirements as specified in7.2.6. Installation Recommendations6.1 Cleaning and Pre-Inspection :6.1.1 Prior to entering access areas, such as manholes, andperforming inspection or cleaning operations,
34、an evaluation ofthe atmosphere to determine the presence of toxic or flammablevapors or lack of oxygen must be undertaken in accordancewith local, state, or federal safety regulations.6.1.2 Cleaning of PipelineAll internal debris should beremoved from the original pipeline. Gravity pipes should becl
35、eaned with hydraulically powered equipment, high-velocityjet cleaners, or mechanically powered equipment in accordancewith NASSCO Recommended Specifications for Sewer Col-lection System Rehabilitation. Pressure pipelines should becleaned with cable attached devices or fluid propelled devicesin accor
36、dance with AWWA M28.6.1.3 Inspection of PipelinesInspection of pipelinesshould be performed by experienced personnel trained inlocating breaks, obstacles, and service connections by closed-circuit television or man entry. The interior of the pipelineshould be carefully inspected to determine the loc
37、ation of anyconditions that may prevent proper installation of the impreg-nated tube, such as protruding service taps, collapsed orcrushed pipe, and reductions in the cross-sectional area of morethan 40 %. These conditions should be noted so that they canbe corrected.6.1.4 Line ObstructionsThe origi
38、nal pipeline should beclear of obstructions such as solids, dropped joints, protrudingservice connections, crushed or collapsed pipe, and reductionsin the cross-sectional area of more than 40 % that may hinderor prevent the installation of the resin-impregnated fabric tube.If inspection reveals an o
39、bstruction that cannot be removed byconventional sewer-cleaning equipment, then a point-repairexcavation should be made to uncover and remove or repair theobstruction.6.2 Resin ImpregnationThe fabric tube should be totallyimpregnated with resin (wet-out) and run through a set ofrollers separated by
40、a space, calibrated under controlled con-ditions to ensure proper distribution of resin. The volume ofresin used should be sufficient to fully saturate all the voids ofthe fabric tube material, as well as all resin-absorbing materialof the calibration hose at nominal thickness and diameter. Thevolum
41、e should be adjusted by adding 3 to 15 % excess resin toallow for the change in resin volume due to polymerization, thechange in resin volume due to thermal expansion orcontraction, and resin migration through the perforations of thefabric tube and out onto the host pipe.6.3 BypassingIf bypassing of
42、 the flow is required aroundthe sections of pipe designated for reconstruction, the bypassshould be made by plugging the line at a point upstream of thepipe to be reconstructed and pumping the flow to a downstreampoint or adjacent system. The pump and bypass lines should beof adequate capacity and s
43、ize to handle the flow. Serviceswithin this reach will be temporarily out of service.6.3.1 Public advisory services shall notify all parties whoseservice laterals will be out of commission and advise againstwater usage until the main line is back in service.6.4 Installation Methods:6.4.1 Perforation
44、 of Resin-Impregnated TubePrior to pull-ing the resin-impregnated fabric tube in place, the outerimpermeable plastic coating may optionally be perforated.When the resin-impregnated fabric tube is perforated, thisshould allow resin to be forced through the perforations and outagainst the existing con
45、duit by the force of the hydrostatic heador air pressure against the inner wall of the calibration hose.The perforation should be done after fabric tube impregnationwith a perforating roller device at the point of manufacture orat the jobsite. Perforations should be made on both sides of thelay-flat
46、 fabric tube covering the full circumference with aspacing no less than 1.5 in. (38.1 mm) apart. Perforating slitsshould be a minimum of 0.25 in. (6.4 mm) long.6.4.2 Pulling Resin-Impregnated Tube into PositionThewet-out fabric tube should be pulled into place using a powerwinch. The saturated fabri
47、c tube should be pulled through anexisting manhole or other approved access to fully extend tothe next designated manhole or termination point. Care shouldbe exercised not to damage the tube as a result of frictionduring pull-in, especially where curvilinear alignments, multi-linear alignments, mult
48、iple offsets, protruding services, andother friction-producing host pipe conditions are present. Oncethe fabric tube is in place, it should be attached to a verticalstandpipe so that the calibration hose can invert into the centerof the resin-impregnated fabric tube. The vertical standpipeshould be
49、of sufficient height of water head to hold the fabrictube tight to the existing pipe wall, producing dimples at sideconnections. A device such as a dynamometer or load cellshould be provided on the winch or cable to monitor the pullingforce. Measure the overall elongation of the fabric tube afterpull-in completion. The acceptable longitudinal elongationTABLE 1 CIPP Initial Structural PropertiesAProperty Test MethodMinimum Valuepsi (MPa)Flexural strength D790 4 500 (31)Flexural modulus D790 250 000 (1724)Tensile strength D638 3 000 (21)(for pressure pipes on
