1、Designation: F1755M 96 (Reapproved 2012)1An American National StandardStandard Specification forSolid State Bargraph Meters for Shipboard Use Metric1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1755M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、 in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEReapproved with editorial changes in October 2012.1. Scope1.1 This specification provid
3、es the requirements for design,construction, performance, and testing of solid state bargraph-type indicating meters.1.2 The solid state bargraph meters covered by this speci-fication are intended for use in shipboard applications ofelectrical measurement. This specification covers the require-ments
4、 and quality assurance provisions for solid state, panel-type (edgewise), and rectangular switchboard-typeinstruments, which use light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for bar-graph indication and optional digital displays.1.3 This specifications requirements may be invoked forspecialized measurement applicat
5、ions where another quantity,for example, position, weight, concentration of a trace elementin an atmosphere sample, and so forth, is converted to electricalenergy for display and measurement. Special dial markingsshall be specified for such cases.1.4 The values stated in metric units are to be regar
6、ded asthe standard. The values given in parentheses are for informa-tion only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingF1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for MarineSystems, Equipment, and Faciliti
7、es2.2 Federal Specifications:TTE529 Enamel, Alkyd, Semigloss, Low VOC Content32.3 Federal Standards:H28 Screw Thread Standards for Federal Services33. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 accuracy, nthe accuracy is a number that defines thelimit of errors expressed as
8、a percentage of full-scale value.3.1.2 center-zero meter, nmeter with display mode char-acterized by a sequentially illuminated string of LEDs startingat the center scale zero position and extending in eitherdirection from zero, proportional to the polarity and magnitudeof the input signal.3.1.3 dua
9、l bargraph display, ntwo completely indepen-dent bargraph displays included in a single enclosure.3.1.4 end-scale value, nthe value of the actuating electri-cal quantity that corresponds to end scale indication. Whenzero is not at the end or at the electrical center of the scale, thehigher value is
10、used. See Table 1.3.1.5 end-zero meter, nmeter with display mode charac-terized by a sequentially illuminated string of LEDs startingfrom a zero point, normally at the left for switchboard-stylemeters or horizontally installed edgewise meters, or the bottomof vertically installed edgewise meters, th
11、at extends in thedirection of full-scale value.3.1.6 full-scale value, nfull-scale value is the largest valueof the actuating electrical quantity that can be indicated on thescale. For instruments with zero between the ends of the scale,the full-scale value is the arithmetic sum of the values of the
12、actuating electrical quantity corresponding to the two ends ofthe scale.3.1.7 response time, nthe response time is the time re-quired for the indicating means to display a new value after astep change has occurred in the measured quantity to a newconstant value.3.1.8 scale division, na scale divisio
13、n is the incrementbetween the centers of two consecutive scale marks. Thenumber of scale marks is one more than the number of scaledivisions. For example, 10 scale divisions require 11 scalemarks.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is
14、 the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.10 onElectrical.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F1755M - 96(2007).DOI: 10.1520/F1755M-96R12E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website,
15、www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 191115098,
16、 ATTN: NPODS.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.8.1 linear scale divisions, nlinear scale divisions arescale divisions that are spaced an equal distance apart and ofthe same value, for example, scale divisions spaced
17、5 A aparton a 100A meter.3.1.8.2 nonlinear scale divisions, nnonlinear scale divi-sions are scale divisions of the same value spaced an unequaldistance apart.3.1.9 scale length, nthe scale length is the length of thepath described by the pattern of the LEDs in moving from oneend of the scale to the
18、other. For multiple scale meters, thelongest scale shall be used to determine the scale length.3.1.10 scale visibility, nscale visibility is the maximumhorizontal or vertical viewing angle measured from a linenormal to the scale from which all scale marks and arcs, but notnecessarily all markings, m
19、ay be seen.4. Classification4.1 Classification Bargraph meters covered in this speci-fication shall be classified by type and style as specified in4.2-4.3.4.2 TypeThe type designation defines the physical con-figuration of the meter and the scale.4.2.1 Rectangular/switchboard-type meters present ang
20、ulardisplays from 90 to 270 scale for the measured parameter(s).Fig. 1 provides typical dimensional and mounting data forrectangular/switchboard-type meters.4.2.2 Edgewise/panel-type meters present linear displaysfor measured parameters. Fig. 2 provides typical dimensionaland mounting data for edgew
21、ise type meters.4.2.2.1 Orientation of MeterFor edgewise/panel-typemeters, the scale marking shall be specified either for a verticalor horizontal mounting condition.4.3 StyleThe style designation defines the meters displayattributes as follows:4.3.1 Bargraph DisplayThe bargraph display shall consis
22、tof light-emitting diode (LED) elements that illuminate toproduce a bar image proportional to the input signal. Thedisplay designation defines whether the meter has single ordual bargraph displays.4.3.2 Digital DisplayThe digital display designation de-fines the number of digits in the digital displ
23、ay as follows:4.3.2.1 3-digit display.4.3.2.2 312-digit display.4.3.2.3 4-digit display.4.3.2.4 412-digit display4.3.2.5 No digital display.5. Ordering Information5.1 Purchase orders or inquiries for bargraph meters of thisspecification shall specify the following:5.1.1 Title, date, and year of this
24、 specification.5.1.2 Quantity.5.1.3 Type, and for edgewise meter, orientation (see 4.2).5.1.4 Style of display (single or dual, digital display) (see4.3).5.1.5 Window type (plastic or shatterproof glass) (see 7.5).5.1.6 Dial colors (see 7.9.1.1).5.1.7 Range(s) (see 7.9.2).5.1.8 Power supply voltage
25、(see 8.1.1).5.1.9 Signal input (analog or digital) (see 8.1.2).5.1.10 Color(s) of bargraph display (see 8.2.2).5.1.11 Optional features available:5.1.11.1 Anti-glare windows (see 7.5.1).5.1.11.2 Splashproof or spraytight window (see 7.5.2).5.1.11.3 Internal illumination (see 7.6).5.1.11.4 External a
26、ccessories (see 7.8).5.1.11.5 Alarm set points (see 8.1.4).5.1.11.6 Digital display (see 8.2.4)5.1.11.7 Nonstandard range values (see 8.2.4).5.1.11.8 Dot matrix display types (see 8.2.4).5.1.11.9 Intensity control (see 8.2.5).5.1.12 Certification requirements (See 10).5.1.13 Packaging requirements.5
27、.1.14 Testing requirements (include only if tests other thanthe production tests required by this specification are to beperformed).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 MaterialsAll materials used in the construction ofthese bargraph meters shall be of a quality suitable for thepurpose intended and shall
28、 conform to the requirements of thisspecification.6.1.1 MetalsMetals and the treatment of metals shall becorrosion-resistant.6.1.2 PlasticsPlastic, when used, shall be suitable thermo-plastic or thermosetting material so molded as to produce adense solid structure, uniform in texture, finish, and me
29、chani-cal properties.6.1.3 GlassGlass used for the meter window shall be theshatterproof type.6.1.4 GasketsMaterial used in gaskets shall not causecorrosion of metal parts with which they come in contact.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 Finishes:6.2.1.1 External FinishesThe portion of the meter caseexposed to
30、view from the front of the panel or switchboardshall have a black semigloss finish. No nickel or brighttrimmings shall be used. The external finish may be epoxy-coated, electro-coated, or painted in accordance withTTE529. Metal cases shall be rendered resistant to corrosionprior to the application o
31、f the final finish.6.2.1.2 Internal FinishesInternal finishes shall be of amaterial that shall not melt, crack, chip, blister, or scale as aresult of the tests specified herein.6.3 Threaded PartsThreaded parts shall be in accordancewith FED-STD-H28. Where practical, threads shall be inconformity wit
32、h the coarse-thread series. The fine-thread seriesshall be used only for applications that might show a definiteTABLE 1 End-Scale ValuesRangeEnd-Scale Values(for Ratings)End-Scale Values0-150 0, 150 15050-0-150 50, 150 150150-0-150 150, 150 15090-140 90, 140 140F1755M 96 (2012)12FIG. 1 Rectangular/S
33、witchboard/Type MetersF1755M 96 (2012)13FIG. 2 Dimensional Characteristics of Edgewise MetersF1755M 96 (2012)14advantage through their use. Where a special diameter pitchcombination is required, the thread shall be of AmericanNational Form and of any pitch between 16 and 36 which isused in the fine-
34、thread series.6.3.1 Locking of Screw-Thread Assemblies Screw-threadassemblies shall not loosen as a result of the tests specifiedherein. When practicable, split-type lockwashers or equivalentmeans shall be provided under all nuts.6.4 SealingThe meter case shall be sealed by means ofgaskets, by fusin
35、g or soldering metal-to-metal or metal-to-glass, or other means which will enable the meter to withstandthe tests specified herein.7. Design and Construction7.1 Dimensional DataTypical physical dimensions forswitchboard and edgewise meters are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig.2.7.2 MountingBargraph meter sha
36、ll be front panelmounted to simplify mechanical installation or removal forservice, or both. Electrical connections locations shall bedesigned to facilitate meter removal. Typical mounting dimen-sions are indicated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.7.2.1 Mounting HardwareThe necessary mountinghardware, such as m
37、ounting clips, nuts, washers, bolts, shall besupplied with each meter. The machine screws shall have thesame finish as the external finish (see 6.2.1.1).7.3 MaintainabilityThe meter shall be constructed so thatno special tools are required for insertion or removal of themeter.7.4 CasesCases shall be
38、 corrosion resistant. Cases shallbe designed and constructed with close-fitting joints to mini-mize the entrance of dust and moisture (see 6.4).7.5 WindowsThe meter display shall be provided with awindow of methyl methacrylate (MMA), polycarbonate (PC),or shatterproof glass. If the window is made MM
39、A or PC, theexternal surface shall be treated to resist scratching. Thewindow shall be free from detrimental defects that wouldprevent the display from being easily read or from meeting theluminous distribution and color requirement. Such defectsinclude electrostatic effects, scratches, chips, crack
40、s, or craze.7.5.1 Anti-Glare CoatingsWhen anti-glare is specified,windows shall be coated with an anti-glare coating. Thecoating shall be uniform in quality and condition, clean,smooth, and free from foreign materials. The coating shallshow no evidence of flaking, peeling, or blistering. The coating
41、shall not contain blemishes such as discolorations, stains,smears, and streaks. The coating shall show no evidence of acloudy or hazy appearance.7.5.1.1 Specular ReflectanceThe coating reflectance shallbe not greater than 0.6 % for energy incident on the surface atan angle of 0 to 15 inclusive. The
42、reflectance shall be notgreater than 1.0 % at an angle of 30.7.5.1.2 Light LossThe coating light loss shall be notgreater than 2.0 %.7.5.2 Splashproof/Spraytight Windows When specified,splashproof or spraytight windows shall be furnished.7.6 Internal IlluminationWhen specified, meters shall beequipp
43、ed with internal illumination provided by a minimum oftwo lamps, so placed to illuminate the dial evenly.7.7 Auxiliary ComponentsAll connections from the shuntsand resistors to the input terminals of the meters shall beinsulated to prevent shock hazard.7.8 External AccessoriesExternal shunt, shunt l
44、eads,transformers, resistors, and other external accessories shall befurnished when required.7.9 Meter Scales:7.9.1 DialThe dial shall be made of stiff material and shallbe supported and secured firmly to the meter.7.9.1.1 Dial ColorsThe meter dial shall have white mark-ings on a black background as
45、 standard.7.9.1.2 Dial MarkingsDial legend markings shall besharply defined and visible from the front of the case but notdistract attention from the scale markings. Unless otherwisespecified, the following information shall be marked on the dialor on an attached nameplate.(a) Manufacturers name.(b)
46、 Units of measurement.(c) The quantity producing end-scale deflection. For end-zero meters, the dial markings shall be FS, indicating full scale,followed by the full-scale value and units of measurement (forexample, FS-50 mV). For meters that are not end-zero meters,the dial markings shall be marked
47、 ES indicating end scalefollowed by the end-scale value and units of measurement (forexample, ES-50 mV).7.9.2 RangesFor end-zero meters, the full-scale rangesshall be as specified. For meters that are not end-zero meters,the center and end-scale ranges shall be specified appropriately.7.9.3 Scale Di
48、visionsUnless otherwise specified, the valueof each scale division shall be one, two, or five of the unitsmeasured or any decimal multiple or submultiple of thesenumbers.7.9.3.1 Linear ScalesThe total number of scale divisionsshall be determined by dividing the total range by the smallestincrement.
49、For example; a 150-V scale with the smallestincrement of 5 V is listed as having 30 scale divisions.7.9.3.2 Nonlinear ScalesThe total number of scale divi-sions shall be determined by dividing the total range by thesmallest increment, although to avoid crowding scale marks, aportion of the scale shall not be marked. For example, a 100-Ascale with the smallest increment of 2 A, but with no marksbetween 0 and 10 A, is listed as having 50 scale divisions.7.9.4 Scale VisibilityThe scale and characters shall beunifor
