1、Designation: F 1782 97 (Reapproved 2002)Standard Practice forAmount of Ink Deposit on Fabric Type Ribbons1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1782; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the determination of the amount ofink deposit, sometimes known as ink content, on inked fabricribbons
3、.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 6.1 and 9
4、.4 forspecific precautionary statements.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Productsfor Testing2F 221 Terminology Relating to Carbon Paper and InkedRibbon Products and Images Made Therefrom23. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms used in this
5、test method, refer toTerminology F 221.4. Summary of Practice4.1 The amount of ink deposit is gravimetrically determinedby analytically weighing a conditioned test specimen. The inkdeposit is removed by the use of a suitable solvent(s) in anultrasonic cleaner. The de-inked fabric sample is condition
6、edand reweighed. The amount of ink deposit is calculated.5. Apparatus5.1 Analytical Balance, with a sensitivity to 0.1 mg.5.2 Ultrasonic Bath, with or without heater.6. Reagents6.1 Care should be taken to select the extraction solvent(s)so that only the ink is removed from substrates. WarningVapors
7、from solvents can be toxic when inhaled over pro-longed periods. Some solvents commonly used may be listedas carcinogenic. Others are flammable and suitable precautionsshould be taken. Handle with care and use only in properlyventilated areas to avoid breathing vapors. A fume hood isrecommended.7. C
8、onditioning7.1 Allow the test specimen to stabilize under room condi-tions for 15 min for routine testing.7.2 Allow the test specimen to condition1hat23.06 2.0Cand 50 6 2 % relative humidity for a more precise determina-tion (see Practice D 685).8. Test Specimen8.1 Cut a representative test sample o
9、f the desired size fromthe conditioned specimen.9. Procedure9.1 From a sample that has been conditioned in accordancewith 7.1 or 7.2, discard at least two outer wraps of ribbonmaterial if from a reel of inked fabric prior to sampling. If thesample to be checked is from a ribbon cartridge, pull out s
10、omeof the ribbon in order to check the ink inside the cartridge.9.2 For a narrow fabric ribbon sample, typically 1 in. or lessin width, cut a 10 to 15 in. long section for ink percentagecalculation. For wide fabric ribbons, typically 14 in. or greaterin width, cuta2by3in.portion from the right and l
11、eft sidesfor ink percentage calculation. This helps to determine if thefabric is inked evenly across the width of the fabric. For gramsper square metre calculation, a popular scaling factor for thesample is1200 of a square metre for ribbons12 in. (12.7 mm)or less and1100 of a square metre for ribbon
12、s above12 in. (12.7mm). Care should be taken to avoid contact of sample with inkabsorbing surfaces. (Example: Cardboard, paper towel, etc.)Sheet mylar or similar surfaces are acceptable.9.3 Weigh the sample in accordance with acceptable ana-lytical procedure. Weigh to the nearest 0.1 mg. Record as i
13、nkedweight (A).9.4 Set up the ultrasonic bath by first filling the tank with atransfer medium (for example, warm tap water plus a wettingagent/detergent). Place two glass beakers (400 or 600 mL) ofthe desired solvent(s) in a beaker positioning cover to suspendthe beakers in the bath. Plug in the ult
14、rasonic bath and turnpower on. If using a bath with a heater, turn the heat switch toon and allow the bath to stabilize to the desired temperature.WarningThe temperature of the bath should not exceed theboiling point of the solvent.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 on Bu
15、sinessImaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.02 on InkedTransfer Imaging Products.Current edition approved March 10, 1997. Published June 1997.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken
16、, PA 19428-2959, United States.9.5 Using tongs, remove the sample from the balance.Immerse the sample into the first beaker containing the solventfor 1 min, longer if desired.9.6 Using tongs, remove the sample from the first beakerand transfer it to the second beaker containing the solvent for1 min,
17、 longer if desired.9.7 Remove the sample from the bath and waft it in the airto remove excess solvent. (To further remove solvent, awarmed oven may be needed to remove residual solvent.)Place on a clean surface and allow to dry and humidity stabilizefor 10 min.9.8 Reweigh on an analytical balance to
18、 the nearest 0.1 mg.If drifting on balance occurs, allow to stabilize until drift is lessthan 1 mg/min. Record as de-inked weight (B).10. Calculation10.1 Calculate the percent of ink as follows:inked weight A!de2inked weight B!inked weight A!100! 5 % ink (1)10.2 Alternatively, calculate grams per sq
19、uare meter asfollows:inked weight A! de2inked weight B! 5 grams ink (2)Multiply grams ink times the scaling factor for the templateused to determine grams per square meter of ink.NOTE 1Cotton and silk edgings may be partially or totally removedby this process. For accuracy on these narrow fabrics wh
20、en edging isincluded in the sample, a blank (uninked) sample should be run.Percentage loss on the blank subtracted from the sample percentage willequal the true ink percentage.11. Report11.1 Report the amount of ink deposit as percent inkcontent.11.2 Report the amount of ink as grams per square mete
21、r.11.3 Report the solvent(s) used.APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. BASIS FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF PRACTICEX1.1 The current practice is designed to measure theamount of ink on an inked length of fabric using a singlesolvent or a combination of solvents.X1.2 The solvent used for years in the ribbon i
22、ndustry hasbeen 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Since this solvent is considered anOzone Depleting Substance (ODS), production of this materialceased at the end of 1995. Another solvent used, but not on theODS list, is 1,1,1-trichloroethylene. This material, however, isconsidered more toxic than 1,1,1-trichl
23、oroethane.X1.3 Due to the demand for solvents to replace ODS andother solvents considered hazardous, many alternate solventshave been developed. In order to check the effectiveness ofalternate solvents on an inked piece of fabric, 1,1,1-trichloroethane if still available, or 1,1,1-trichloroethylenew
24、ould need to be used as the standard solvent.X1.4 Suggested List of Alternate Solvent(s):X1.4.1 The following list of solvents is not an attempt to listsolvents that are considered non-hazardous but solvents thathave been found to remove ink to a degree from the fabricindividually or by using a solv
25、ent in one beaker and a differentsolvent in a second beaker.methyl ethyl ketone2-Pyrrolidinone-1-methylmineral spiritsisopropyl alcoholalcohol and glycol etherX1.4.2 It is recommended that the extraction solvent se-lected be agreed to by interested parties when applicable.ASTM International takes no
26、 position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own respons
27、ibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed t
28、o ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the add
29、ress shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 1782 97 (2002)2
