ASTM F1884-2004(2011) Standard Test Method for Determining Residual Solvents in Packaging Materials《包装材料内残余溶剂测定的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: F1884 04 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Test Methods forDetermining Residual Solvents in Packaging Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1884; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea
2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers determination of the amount ofresidual solvents released from within a packaging material
3、contained in a sealed vial under a given set of time andtemperature conditions and is a recommended alternative forTest Method F151.1.2 This test method covers a procedure for quantitatingvolatile compounds whose identity has been established andwhich are retained in packaging materials.1.3 The anal
4、yst should determine the sensitivity and repro-ducibility of the method by carrying out appropriate studies onthe solvents of interest. The analyst is referred to Practice E260for guidance.1.4 For purposes of verifying the identity of or identifyingunknown volatile compounds the analyst is encourage
5、d toincorporate techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spec-troscopy, gas chromatography/infrared spectroscopy or othersuitable techniques in conjunction with this test method.1.5 Sensitivity of this test method in the determination ofthe concentration of a given retained solvent must be deter-m
6、ined on a case by case basis due to the variation in thesubstrate/solvent interaction between different types ofsamples.1.6 This test method does not address the determination oftotal retained solvents in a packaging material. Techniquessuch as multiple headspace extraction can be employed to thisen
7、d. The analyst is referred to the manual supplied with theGC-Autosampling system for guidance.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the u
8、ser of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE260 Practice for Packed Column Gas C
9、hromatographyE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodF151 Test Method for Residual Solvents in Flexible BarrierMaterials33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 ream3000 ft2= 278.7 m2= 27.873106cm2.3.1.2 retained solventsthose chemical species, whi
10、ch areretained by packaging material and can be detected in theheadspace of sealed sample vials under conditions of elevatedtemperature.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Retained volatile organic solvents are determined bysubjecting the packaging material to elevated temperatures in aheadspace sampling s
11、ystem with subsequent gas chromatogra-phy of the headspace and detection using a suitable detectiondevice such as a flame ionization detector (FID).4.2 Volatile components can then be quantified by compari-son with standards of known concentration.4.3 Qualitative analysis may be carried out on a gas
12、 chro-matograph (GC) coupled to an appropriate detector capable ofcompound detection / identification, such as a mass spectrom-eter or infrared detector.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is intended to measure volatile organiccompounds that are emitted from packaging materials underhigh-te
13、mperature conditions.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on FlexibleBarrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.15 onChemical/Safety Properties.Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Published April 2011. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last prev
14、ious edition approved in 2004 as F1884 04. DOI:10.1520/F1884-04R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM we
15、bsite.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 This test method may be useful in assisting in thedevelopment and manufacture of
16、 packaging materials havingminimal retained packaging ink/adhesive solvents.5.3 Modification of this procedure by utilizing appropriatequalitative GC detection devices such as a mass spectrometerin place of the flame ionization detector may provide identifi-cation of volatile organics of unknown ide
17、ntity.6. Interferences6.1 Gas ChromatographyBecause of the potentially largenumber of chemical species that can be analyzed using thismethodology, not all species will be resolved from one anotheron a particular GC column under a given set of conditions.Techniques available to the analyst to verify
18、the identity ofchemical species being quantitated include retention timecomparisons using alternate GC conditions or using an alter-nate GC column. Good judgment in the interpretation ofchromatographic results is always important. Refer to PracticeE260 for guidance.6.2 ApparatusBecause this method i
19、s designed for detect-ing trace quantities of organic compounds, contaminants canlead to misinterpretation of results. Preparing apparatus prop-erly and carrying out blank determinations is essential tominimize this possibility.TEST METHOD A7. Apparatus and Reagents7.1 Gas chromatograph equipped as
20、follows:7.1.1 FID Detector, compatible with capillary columns.7.1.2 Injector, split/split-less compatible with capillary col-umns.7.1.3 Column, DB-5, 30m, 0.25 mm ID, 1 m film thick-ness, Cat. No. 1225033, or 0.32 mm, Cat. No. 1235033.4Ashort piece of deactivated fused silica column may be placedbet
21、ween the injector and the column to serve as a guardcolumn.7.1.4 Peak Area Integration System, compatible with GCsystem in use. Alternately, a chart recorder and hand integra-tion can be used.7.1.5 Auto sampler is recommended.7.2 Standard Solutions, consisting of the organic solventmixture of intere
22、st, at concentrations that simulate the expectedretention levels. 4-Heptanone may be added to the solutions foruse as an internal standard as described in Practice E260.7.2.1 An example of a working standard is listed below. Thestandard used will vary based on the solvents present in thesample to be
23、 tested. The quantities shown in the table willresult in roughly equivalent size peaks due to differences indetector response. If the solvents are mixed neat, adding 1 Lper gram of material in the headspace vial provides a goodstarting point for calibration.7.2.2 If desired, water may be used as the
24、 diluent for thestandard. The solvents are diluted in 1 L of water, typically 2mL of the resulting solution is added per gram of sample in theheadspace vial for calibration. 2 mL of 20 l/L of 4-heptanonecontaining solution in water can be used as an internalstandard.NOTE 1Water will change the parti
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