1、Designation: F 1898 08An American National StandardStandard Specification forHelmets for Non-Motorized Wheeled Vehicle Used by Infantsand Toddlers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1898; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, i
2、n the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers performance requirements forhelmets manufactured for use
3、 by infants and toddlers aspassengers or operators of nonmotorized vehicles intended fortheir use. This specification recognizes the desirability oflightweight construction and ventilation; however, it is aperformance standard and is not intended to restrict design.1.2 All testing and requirements o
4、f this specification shallbe in accordance with Test Methods F 1446 except as noted.1.3 Partial utilization of this standard is prohibited. Anystatement of compliance with this specification must be acertification that the product meets all of the requirements ofthis specification in their entirety.
5、 A product that fails to meetany one of the requirements of this specification is consideredto have failed this standard, and should not be sold with anyindication that it meets parts of this standard.1.4 Headgear that complies with this and other standardsmay proclaim uses as described in those sta
6、ndards as certifiedby the manufacturer.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the
7、user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F 1446 Test Methods for Equipment and Procedures Usedin Evaluating the Performance Characteristics of Protect
8、iveHeadgear3. Labels and Warnings3.1 In addition to the labeling requirements outlined in TestMethods F 1446, the helmet shall have the words “For use byinfants and toddlers when riding non-motorized wheeled ve-hicles intended for their use” inscribed on one of the interiorpermanent labels.4. Markin
9、g the Test Line4.1 The test line is shown in Fig. 1 and shall be marked inaccordance with Test Methods F 1446.5. Conditioning and Number of Samples5.1 Four helmets of each model and size are required fortesting.5.2 Conditioning of test samples is described in Test Meth-ods F 1446.6. Headforms6.1 Hea
10、dforms to be used in this specification are sizes Aand E according to Test Methods F 1446. The appropriate sizeheadform shall be selected in accordance with Test MethodsF 1446 for the helmet to be tested.6.2 The weight of the drop assembly as specified in TestMethods F 1446 shall be 3.20 6 0.15 kg f
11、or the A headformand 4.00 6 0.20 kg for the E headform.6.3 The headform center of gravity specified in AppendixX1 of Test Methods F 1446 will be allowed an additionaltolerance in the X-axis. The tolerance allows the location of thecenter of gravity to lie between -6.5 mm and 40 mm of thecenter of th
12、e ball socket (positive X is toward the monorailwhere applicable).7. Peripheral Vision Requirement7.1 The peripheral vision requirements shall be as specifiedin Test Methods F 1446.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment and Facilities and is the direct
13、 responsibility of Subcommittee F08.53 onHeadgear and Helmets.Current edition approved May 15, 2008. Published June 2008. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as F 1898 01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Serv
14、ice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.8. Retention System Testing8.1 Retention sys
15、tem tests will be performed before impacttesting. The retention system shall be tested in accordance withTest Methods F 1446 using a 7-kg 6 5 % support assembly.8.2 The stability (roll-off) test will be performed using a4-kg drop mass falling a distance of 0.6 m. The stability testwill be performed
16、on the ambient helmet.8.3 The retention system shall remain intact and the helmetmust remain on the headform.8.4 The dynamic strength test will be performed using a4-kg drop mass falling a distance of 0.6 m. The dynamicstrength test will be performed on the cold, wet and hot helmet.8.5 The retention
17、 system shall remain intact without elon-gating more than 30 mm.9. Anvils and Impact Velocities9.1 Anvils to be used for impact tests in this specificationare the flat, hemispherical and curbstone anvils described inTest Methods F 1446.9.2 The helmet shall be dropped onto the flat anvil toachieve an
18、 impact velocity of 6.2 m/s 6 3 % (corresponding toa theoretical drop height of 2.0 m).9.3 The helmet shall be dropped onto the hemispherical andcurbstone anvils to achieve an impact velocity of 4.8 m/s 63 % (corresponding to a theoretical drop height of 1.2 m).10. Impact Sites10.1 Impact tests shal
19、l be performed after retention testing.10.2 The center of the impact can be anywhere on or abovethe test line shown in Fig. 1.11. Impacting Schedule11.1 Each hot, cold, or wet helmet shall receive a singleimpact at not more than four sites.11.2 Impacts shall be separated by a minimum of 120 mm.11.3
20、Any combination of flat and hemispherical anvils canbe applied to the hot, cold and wet helmets.11.4 The ambient helmet shall receive one impact using thecurbstone anvil.12. Peak Acceleration Requirements12.1 The peak acceleration (g, max) of the impact shall bemeasured with equipment described in T
21、est Methods F 1446.12.2 The peak acceleration of any impact shall not exceed300 g.13. Keywords13.1 bicycle; helmet; infant and toddlerDimensionHeadformSizeXL/2 YRSTUA 24.0 88.0 89.7 30.0 15.0 118.0 63.0E 26.0 94.5 96.0 32.0 16.0 126.5 67.5NOTEThis test line drawing shows test lines on helmet rather
22、than on headform and uses dimensional nomenclature R, S, T, U as in other drawings(formerly a, b, c,.). The position of the lines on this drawing has not changed except that they are a bit more stringent because of the angle of projectionfrom the c/g, which is the center of the ball about which the
23、headform pivots to align an impact site with the anvil.FIG. 1 Marking the Test LineF 1898 082ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determinati
24、on of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdr
25、awn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your
26、comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 1898 083
